I was impossible, owing to our continual change of place, to give the barometrical means for any particular locality; in the following table, therefore, the monthly mean only is noted. The thermometers we used were placed at the distance of five-and-twenty paces from the ship, so that they were pretty well isolated from any influence due to it, and they were raised four feet above the surface of the snow.[60]
Readings of the minimum thermometer were taken at noon every day in the year, and of the black-bulb thermometer at different times of the day during the summer. The time of the day when the temperature reached its maximum was irregular during the winter; it occurred about two o’clock in the afternoon when the spring was well advanced. As I have already inserted in the course of the narrative the temperatures of each day in the month, it will be enough for the purposes of a general survey to give here a summary of the mean monthly temperatures and of the maximum and minimum extremes:—
| Mean of the Barometrical Measurements. | Mean of the Monthly Temperature. | Maximum. R. | Minimum. R. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1872. | |||||||
| July | — | — | — | - | 2·4 | ||
| August | 750·99 | + | 0·41 | + | 6·5 | - | 5·6 |
| September | 748·92 | - | 7·34 | + | 0·4 | - | 18·6 |
| October | 751·8 | - | 13·5 | + | 2·0 | - | 26·5 |
| November | 757·27 | - | 19·52 | - | 2·3 | - | 28·7 |
| December | 757·11 | - | 23·95 | - | 14·9 | - | 28·7 |
| 1873. | |||||||
| January | 753·69 | - | 18·1 | - | 2·1 | - | 35·1 |
| February | 741·62 | - | 27·95 | - | 1·8 | - | 36·9 |
| March | 748·21 | - | 25·52 | - | 14·4 | - | 33·9 |
| April | 753·04 | - | 17·49 | - | 6·8 | - | 30·9 |
| May | 756·58 | - | 7·12 | - | 1·9 | - | 18·4 |
| June | 751·3 | - | 0·41 | + | 8·1 | - | 8·6 |
| July | 750·23 | + | 1·26 | + | 6·4 | - | 1·8 |
| August | 749·33 | + | 0·32 | + | 4·4 | - | 4·6 |
| September | 747·79 | - | 3·32 | + | 1·3 | - | 12·4 |
| October | 745·64 | - | 13·93 | - | 2·9 | - | 23·1 |
| November | 748·2 | - | 21·21 | - | 6·2 | - | 31·8 |
| December | 744·98 | - | 23·08 | - | 10·1 | - | 34 |
| 1874. | |||||||
| January | 732·97 | - | 19·6 | - | 1·7 | - | 36·7 |
| February | 744·92 | - | 22·83 | - | 1·7 | - | 35·5 |
| March | 742·25 | - | 18·46 | - | 1·0 | - | 36·9 |
| April | 751·15 | - | 12·32 | - | 2·8 | - | 22·8 |
Note.—The temperatures are given in Réaumur degrees. By adding one-fourth, the numbers given in the three last columns will be reduced to Centigrade degrees.
II.
DIRECTION AND FORCE OF THE WIND, FROM OBSERVATIONS ON BOARD THE “TEGETTHOFF.”
| Mean Direction and Force. | ||
|---|---|---|
| Direction. | Force. | |
| 1872. | ||
| July 15 | N53°E | 1·36 |
| August 31 | S56°W | 1·15 |
| September 30 | S45°W | 0·54 |
| October 31 | S23°E | 0·43 |
| November 30 | S71°E | 0·26 |
| December 31 | S44°E | 0·64 |
| 1873. | ||
| January 31 | S64°W | 1·24 |
| February 28 | N32°E | 0·26 |
| March 31 | N37°E | 0·63 |
| April 30 | N61°E | 0·53 |
| May 31 | N5°W | 0·53 |
| June 30 | S79°E | 0·97 |
| July 31 | N74°W | 0·82 |
| August 31 | S48°E | 0·31 |
| September 30 | S53°E | 0·14 |
| October 31 | N42°E | 1·82 |
| November 30 | N54°E | 1·10 |
| December 31 | N66°E | 1·21 |
| 1874. | ||
| January 31 | S70°E | 0·93 |
| February 28 | N47°E | 1·16 |
| March 31 | N59°W | 0·83 |
| April 30 | N80°E | 0·94 |