[11] Three centuries ago, Plancius, the Dutch geographer, devised this for the North Pole, while Barros, the Portuguese historiographer, did the same for the South Pole.

[12] As a corrective to this rather extreme statement, see Clement Markham’s Threshold of the Unknown Region, 4th Edition, pp. 383-393.

[13] A decoction prepared by Dr. Kepes, the physician of the Tegetthoff.

[14] Lieutenant Brosch had the entire care of the victualling department, and deserved our heartiest thanks for the skill and self-sacrifice with which he performed his duty.

[15] Formerly Captain in the Austrian Merchant Service.

[16] Our position was then in 76° 22′ N. Lat., 63° 3′ E. Long.

[17] A decoction prepared by Kepes.

[18] Parry mentions, as a fact illustrative of the increase of moisture and its condensation into ice, that about a hundred hundredweights of ice were once removed from the lower quarters of the Hecla, which had accumulated there from the breath, the steam caused by cooking, and the moisture brought down by the clothes of the men.

[19] The noise produced by such collisions cannot be more fittingly expressed.

[20] Hall’s contemporaneous expedition excepted.