[1]. Official figures for December 31, 1903. The Fourth Financial and Economical Annual of Japan, 1904 (hereafter abbreviated as the Fourth Annual), published by the Department of Finance, Imperial Government of Tokio, p. 5. The actual numbers may be even higher.

[2]. The Monthly Return of the Foreign Trade of the Empire of Japan for May, 1904, published by the Department of Finance, pp. 91–95.

[3]. Japan in the Beginning of the 20th Century (hereafter abbreviated as the 20th Century), compiled by the Department of Agriculture and Commerce, Tokio, 1903, pp. 53–58.

[4]. Or, 241,891,946 out of 285,971,623 yen. As the term manufacture is expansive, the articles herein included should be enumerated. They are: clothing, chemicals and drugs, metal wares, oil and wax, paper, cotton yarn and fabrics, raw and woven silks, tobacco, and sundries. Teas, grain, marine products and other food-stuffs, and furs, as well as reëxported articles, are excluded. See the Kwampō (Official Gazette of Japan), No. 6199 (March 4, 1904), p. 77, table 7.

[5]. The crop of rice has increased since 1877 from 26.6 million to about 42,000,000 koku; that of barley, rye, and wheat from 9.6 million to 19 million koku. But the increase has been due more to an improved cultivation than to an extension of acreage. Although the wheat, barley, and rye land has grown from 2.35 million in 1877 to 4.43 million acres in 1901, the rice land has increased from 6,517,000 to only 6,982,000 acres. The crops of hemp and rape are stationary, while those of sugar, cotton, and indigo have largely fallen off. (These figures have been converted from those in the 20th Century, pp. 119 ff. One koku dry is equivalent to 4.9629 bushels.)

[6]. These figures have been worked out from the Kokumin Shimbun (National News, hereafter abbreviated as the Kokumin) of February 5, 10, and 19, 1904. Also see a table and comment in the Tōyō Keizai Shimpō (“Oriental Economist”), for May 5, 1903, pp. 17–19.

[7]. If sugar is added to the list, the figures will go up to more than 190 million yen, or 60 per cent. of the entire import trade.

[8]. 289.2 million yen in 1902–3. The Fourth Annual, pp. 4 and 9, and plate 3. Also see the Tōyō Keizai Shimpō (“Oriental Economist”) for December 5, 1902, pp. 19–21 and chart.