[445] “Sacro Arsenale,” p. 155.
[446] Ibid. pp. 157, 161, 165.
[447] Ibid. p. 157; Salleles, “De materiis tribunalium S. Inquisitionis,” reg. 361, nos. 110, 117.
[448] Ibid. p. 410; Limborch, p. 325.
[449] In his brochure, “Ist Galilei gefoltert worden.”
[450] “Il Processo di Galileo Galilei e la Moderna Critica Tedesca,” III. Revista Europea, vol. v., fasc. ii., 1878.
[451] Page 214.
[452] “Sacro Arsenale,” pp. 62, 64.
[453] The passage in the decree is: “Sᵐᵘˢ. decrevit ipsum (Galileo) interrogandum esse super intentione, etiam comminata ei tortura et si sustenuerit, previa abiuratione de vehementi in plena Congregatione S.O. condemnandum ad carcerem,” etc. (Vat. MS. Fol. 451 vo.) Wohlwill says that the first part of this decree has had about as many interpretations as authors who have quoted it. This may in no small degree be due to the fact that it was not known whether the original reading was et or ac sustinuerit. As it is now decided in favour of et, perhaps an agreement may be come to, and the more so as several students of Galileo’s trial have adopted a translation which agrees as to the meaning, to which we ourselves, now that the et is unquestionable, adhere. H. Martin, Pro. Reusch, Dr. Scartazzini, Pro. P. Grisar, Epinois in his latest work, and the present writer, translate: “His Holiness ordained that he (Galileo) was to be examined as to his intention, to be threatened with torture, and if he kept firm (to his previous depositions) after abjuration de vehementi, he was to be sentenced to imprisonment by the whole Congregation of the Holy Office,” etc. Whatever may be thought of the translation, one thing is certain, that by this decree the threat of torture was ordained, but assuredly not its execution.
[454] “Il Processo di Gal. Gal.,” etc.: Revista Europea, vol. v., fasc. ii. p. 232, 1878.