State Schools:—In addition to the land-grant schools there are eleven State schools. Four of these institutions are in Northern States. The following table gives the important facts concerning this group.
| STATE | ATTENDANCE | TEACHERS | INCOME | VALUE OF PROPERTY |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 2,638 | 188 | $246,834 | $1,394,547 |
| Alabama | 714 | 31 | 21,500 | 70,000 |
| Kansas | 82 | 14 | 15,830 | 131,395 |
| „ | 106 | 26 | 38,148 | 195,300 |
| Maryland | 50 | 8 | 8,053 | 33,500 |
| New Jersey | 93 | 18 | 27,755 | 99,159 |
| North Carolina | 249 | 8 | 6,074 | 45,000 |
| „ | 227 | 7 | 5,544 | 38,700 |
| „ | 165 | 10 | 5,258 | 51,700 |
| Ohio | 231 | 29 | 77,000 | 436,893 |
| Virginia | 573 | 25 | 27,898 | 233,900 |
| West Virginia | 148 | 12 | 13,774 | 59,000 |
Federal Schools:—The one institution classed as Federal is Howard University at Washington, D. C. It is the only institution supported by direct annual appropriations from Congress. It is generally considered the best institution for colored people in college and professional training. It has an attendance of 1,401 pupils, 106 teachers, an annual income of $172,257 and property valued at $1,756,920.
SCHOOLS MAINTAINED BY PRIVATE AGENCIES.
It is said that the deficiencies in the public expenditure for the education of colored people largely explain the active campaign for private and higher schools since the Civil War. These schools not only represent the effort of the colored people and their friends to provide higher training for their children, but also to make up for the inadequacy of the elementary public schools.
According to the recent report of the Bureau of Education, there are 625 private schools for colored people in the United States. These schools have property valued at $28,500,000, an annual income of $3,027,000, 4,600 teachers and an attendance of approximately 100,000.
HOWARD UNIVERSITY, WASHINGTON, D. C.
The leading institution in the country for the higher and professional training of the Negro. In quality of work it ranks favorably with the best New England Colleges. It was founded in 1867, largely through the efforts of General O. O. Howard. It has 106 teachers, 1400 students and property valued at nearly $2,000,000.
The three great factors which have entered into the development of the educational possibilities of the colored people are the North, the South and the Negro himself.
Though the Northern States are not so immediately concerned in the education of the Negro race as the South and the Negroes themselves, the northern point of view and northern philanthropy have been just as important and are just as essential to continued development as the other two elements. In many respects the remoteness of the northern friends to Negro education gave them freedom from the traditional prejudices and the frequent irritations to which those nearby were subjected. Problems are rarely settled without the aid of those who are not party to the differences. Evidence is now gradually accumulating that the southern people are realizing that the northern teachers have rendered a valuable service not only to the Negroes but also to the South. The following testimony was given as early as 1885, by Bishop Haywood of the Southern Methodist Church in speaking of President Ware, the founder of Atlanta University: