| acaulis | stemless |
| acicularis | needle-like |
| acuminatus | long-pointed, tapering |
| aestivalis | summer |
| affinis | related to |
| agrostoides | similar to agrostis |
| airoides | sky-blue |
| alatus | winged |
| alba | white |
| albidus, albus | white |
| alopecuroides | foxtail |
| alternifolius | alternate-leaved |
| altissimus | very tall |
| amabilis | lovely |
| amplexicaulis | clasping the stem |
| anceps | two-headed or edged |
| angustifolius | narrow-leaved |
| apiculatus | tipped with a point |
| annua | yearly |
| arachnifera | spiderwebby |
| arborescens | tree-like |
| arenarius | of sandy places |
| arenicola | sand inhabitant |
| argenteus | silvery |
| argillaceus | of clay or clay-colored |
| argutus | sharp-toothed |
| arida | dry |
| aridus | arid |
| aristatus | bearded |
| arundinacea | reed-bearing |
| arundinaceous | reed-like |
| arvensis | of cultivated fields |
| asper | rough |
| asperifolia | rough leaves |
| atropurpureus | dark-purple |
| atrovirens | dark-green |
| aureus | golden |
| australis | southern |
| azureus | sky-blue |
| baccatus | berried |
| barbatus | barbed, bearded |
| barbinodis | barbed at nodes |
| barbulatum | bearded |
| basirmea | branches low; toward bottom |
| bicolor | two-colored |
| bidentata | two-toothed |
| bifidum | two-forked |
| bifidus | twice-cut |
| biflorus | two-flowered |
| borealis | northern |
| brachystachy | short-spiked |
| bulbifera | bulb-bearing |
| caeruleus | sky-blue, dark-blue |
| campanularia | bell-flowered |
| campestris | of the fields or plains |
| candidus | white, shining |
| canescens | gray-hairy |
| capillaris | hair-like |
| capitatus | headed |
| carinatus | keeled |
| catharticus | cathartic |
| caudatus | tailed |
| cernuus | drooping |
| chloranthus | green-flowered |
| ciliatifolium | hairy leaves |
| cilianensis | hairy |
| ciliaris, ciliatus | fringed |
| cinereus | ash-colored |
| circulare | round |
| clandestinus | concealed |
| coccineus | scarled |
| colonum | cultivated |
| comatus | with hair |
| communis | gregarious |
| commutatus | changing |
| comosus | long-haired |
| compressa | compressed |
| compressus | compressed |
| confertus | crowded |
| confusus | confused, uncertain |
| contortus | contorted |
| contracta | narrowed |
| cordatus | heart-shaped |
| corniculatus | horned |
| crassifolius | thick-leaved |
| cristatus | crested |
| crus-galli | cockspur |
| cryptandrus | hidden stamens |
| cucullata | hooded pedicel |
| cuneatus | wedge-shaped |
| curtipedicellata | short pedicel |
| curtipendula | short pendula |
| cuspidata | sharp, pointed |
| dactyloides | finger-shaped |
| dactylon | finger |
| debilis | weak |
| decumbens | reclining |
| deflexus | bent downward |
| deltoides | triangular |
| depauperatum | stunted |
| dichotoma | forked in pairs |
| dichotomiflorum | flowering in twos |
| diffusa | loosely branching |
| dilatatum | dilated, expanded |
| discolor | different colors |
| distichum | 2-rank; leaves or flowers in rank on opposites sides of stem |
| divaricata | spreading, widely divergent |
| donax | reed or cane |
| dubia | doubtful |
| dulcis | sweet |
| dumosus | bushy |
| echinatus | prickly |
| edulis | edible |
| elatior | taller |
| elatus | tall |
| elongata | lengthened |
| erectum | upright |
| eriopoda | having hairs at base |
| esculentus | edible |
| everta | expelled, turned out |
| extensa | spread out or stretched out |
| falcatus | sickle-shaped |
| fasciculatus | fascicled |
| filiformis | long, very slender, thread-like |
| fistulosis | hollow, cylindrical |
| flabellatus | fan-like parts |
| flavescens | yellowish |
| flavus | yellow |
| flexilis | pliant |
| flexuosa | alternately bent in different directions |
| floridanum | flowering or from Florida |
| fragilis | brittle, fragile |
| fragrans | fragrant, odorous |
| frondosus | leafy |
| frutescens | shrubby, bushy |
| furcatus | forked |
| geminatum | double |
| geniculata | bent more or less like a knee |
| geniculatus | jointed |
| glaber | smooth |
| glabriflorus | smooth flower |
| glomerata | dense or compact cluster or clusters |
| gracilis | slender |
| gramineus | grassy |
| hastatus | spear-shaped |
| heterolepsis | heterogeneous scales |
| heterophyllus | various-leaved; with leaves of more than one shape |
| hiomalis | pertaining to winter |
| hians | spread out |
| hirsuta | bristly or prickly |
| hirta | hairy |
| hispidus | bristly |
| hortensis | of or belonging to a garden |
| humilis | dwarf |
| hyemalis | of winter |
| hystrix | bristly |
| incanus | hoary |
| indentata | toothed, indented |
| indurata | hardened |
| inermis | unarmed |
| intermedium | intermediate |
| interruptis | not continuous, irregular |
| jubatum | crested, with a mane |
| junceus | rush-like |
| labiatus | lipped |
| laeve | left hand |
| laevigatus | smooth |
| laevis | smooth |
| lanatus | wooly |
| lanosa | wooly |
| lanuginosum | wooly, downy |
| lanuginosus | wooly |
| lasiocarpus | rough- or wooly-fruited |
| latifolia | broad leaf |
| latiglumis | wide glumes |
| laxa | loose |
| leucanthus | white-flowered |
| leucotricha | white hairs |
| linearifolum | long, slender leaves |
| longispica | long-spiked |
| longpipes | long-footed |
| lutescens | yellowish or becoming yellow |
| macranthus | large-flowered |
| macrocarpus | large fruits |
| macrophyllus | large-leaved |
| macrus | large |
| maculatus | spotted |
| malacophyllum | soft leaves |
| maritimus | of the sea |
| micranthus | small-flowered |
| microcarpon | small-fruited |
| miliaceum | pertaining to millet |
| mirabilis | wonderful |
| mollis | soft |
| monspeliensis | lives in caves and mountains |
| montanus | of mountains |
| multiflorum | many-flowered |
| muralis | of walls |
| murinum | mouse-colored |
| mutabile | changeable |
| mutabilis | variable |
| mutica | curtailed |
| nanus | dwarf |
| natans | floating |
| neglectus | overlooked |
| nemoralis | of groves or woods |
| nitens | shining |
| nudicaulis | naked-stemmed |
| nutans | nodding |
| obtusata | blunt, rounded |
| obtusum | blunted, dull |
| occidentale | western |
| octoflora | 8-flowered |
| officinalis | official |
| olignathus | few-flowered |
| orientalis | eastern |
| ornatus | adorned |
| ovinus | of sheep |
| palustris | marsh-loving |
| paniculatus | in panicles |
| parviflora | small-flowered |
| parvifolius | small-leaved |
| patens | spreading |
| patula | spreading |
| pauciflorus | few-flowered |
| pectinatus | comb-like |
| perennans | perennial |
| phleoides | resembling timothy |
| pilifera | bearing hairs |
| pilosa | with long hairs |
| polyanthes | many-flowered |
| polyanthus | many-flowered |
| pracocius | aggressive |
| pratense | of meadows |
| pubens | downy |
| pubescens | downy, covered with soft hairs |
| pubiflorum | downy-flowered |
| pulchellus | pretty, beautiful |
| pumila | dwarf |
| pumilus | dwarf |
| purpurascens | purplish |
| purpurea | purple |
| pusillum | very small |
| ramosissima | many-branched |
| ramosus | branched |
| repens | creeping |
| reptans | creeping |
| retroflexus | reflaxed |
| regodoseta | stiff bristles |
| robustus | robust, stout |
| rupestris | rock-loving |
| rostratus | rostrate, beaked |
| rugosa | wrinkled |
| saccharinus | saccharine |
| saccaroides | sweet; like sugar |
| salinus | salty |
| sanguilalis | blood-colored |
| sanguineus | blood-red |
| sativa | cultivated |
| sativus | cultivated |
| scandens | climbing |
| sciurea | resembling squirrel’s tail |
| scoparius | broom-like |
| secundiflora | one-sided |
| septentrionalis | northern |
| sericea | silken |
| serotinus | late-flowering |
| sessilispicata | without pedicel |
| setaceus | bristle-like |
| sobolifera | bearing creeping, rooting stems or shoots |
| speciosus | showy, good-looking |
| spectabilis | spectacular, worth seeing |
| sphaerocarpon | round-fruited |
| squarrosa | with parts spreading or recurved at ends |
| sterilis | sterile, infertile |
| stramineum | straw-colored |
| strictus | strict, upright, erect |
| tectorum | of roofs, or houses |
| temulentum | drunken |
| tenarum | slender, tender, soft |
| tenarius | slender |
| tener | slender |
| tenuiflora | slender flowers |
| tenuis | slender, thin |
| tinctorius | of dyes |
| tomentosus | densely wooly |
| trichodes | pilose |
| tridens | with 3 teeth |
| trifidus | three-parted |
| trunicata | blunt |
| uncinatus | hooked |
| vaginaeflorus | flowers in sheath |
| vaginatus | sheathed |
| vernalis | vernal |
| vernis | of spring |
| versuta | versatile |
| verticellata | in whorls |
| villosa | hairy |
| villosissimum | hairy |
| villosus | hairy |
| virens | green |
| viridis | green |
| virgatus | twiggy |
| vulgaris | common |
Transcriber’s Note:
Footnotes were renumbered sequentially and were moved to the end of the section in which the anchor occurs. Footnotes [9], [11], [18], [19], [22], and [32] have multiple anchors. Obvious printing errors, such as backwards, upside down, or partially printed letters and punctuation, were corrected. Letters in reversed order and several italics mark-ups were corrected. Final stops missing at the end of abbreviations were added.
Words may have multiple spelling variations or inconsistent hyphenation in the text. These have been left unchanged unless indicated below. Obsolete and alternative spellings were left unchanged. Misspelled words were not corrected. In the lists of common names, names are often run together, as in climbingmilkweed and rattlesnakefern; these were not changed.
The following was changed: “small-loaved” to [“small-leaved.”]