[48] The Chinese word literally means “void,”—as in the expression “Void Supreme,” to signify the state of Nirvana. But the philosophical reference here is to the ultimate substance, or primary matter; and the rendering of the term by “Ether” (rather in the Greek than the modern sense, of course) has the sanction of Bunyiu Nanjio, and the approval of other eminent Sanscrit and Chinese scholars.

[49] Literally, “illuminates the Zenjō-mind.” Zenjō is the Sanscrit Dhyâna. It is believed that in real Dhyâna the mind can hold communication with the Absolute.—From a sotoba of the Zen sect.

[50] From a sotoba of the Tendai sect.

[51] From a Jōdo sotoba.

[52] Literally, “the Great-Round-Mirror-Wisdom-Sûtra.” Sansc., Adarsana-gñâna.—From a Zen sotoba.

[53] Sotoba of the Zen sect.

[54] Pratyavekshana-gñâna.

[55] From a Zen sotoba.

[56] Buddhist Mahâyâna Texts: “Sacred Books of the East,” vol. xlix. p. 180.

[57] From a sotoba of the Zen sect.