300. Introducing other phrases kuŋ has the sense of if, whenever (of non-actual occurrences viewed as unreal, hypothetical, 10or repeated); compare disjunctive attributes of time (§ [192], single actual occurrence), pag (§ [303], single non-actual occurrence, simultaneous), kapàg and pagkà (§§ [296], [304], single non-actual precedent occurrence), words with prefixes in p- (§ [274], single occurrence, actual or non-actual), tuwèʾ (§ [307], repeated 15actual): Kuŋ dumatìŋ si Hwàn ay umalis kà. If Juan comes, go away. Kuŋ dumatìŋ sya ay sabíhin mo ŋ maghintày. If he comes, tell him to wait. Kuŋ úulàn ay gamítin mo aŋ kapóte. If it rains, use your raincoat. Bìbilhin kò aŋ kabáyo ŋ iyòn kuŋ máy-roon akò ŋ marámi ŋ kwaltà. I should buy this horse, if I 20had enough money. Note: Kuŋ sa pagaasáwa namàn, akò y nagkaroòn naŋ dalawà. And as to (literally if) taking a wife, I had two.
301. In the same sense kuŋ with dìʾ (§ [237]) or hindìʾ (§ [239]) if not, precedes the second, positive member of a contrast: 25unless, but rather, beside, except (Cf. palà § [228]): Hwag kà ŋ makàpakikáin-káin kuŋ hindí ka inàanyáhan. Don’t be taking meals with people unless you are invited. Walà ŋ ibà ŋ nagpàpahírap sa kanyà kuŋ hindí kayò. There is no one else who causes suffering to him, beside you.
30302. ŋayòn (§ [262]), when subordinating, is conjunctively joined to its clause: Ŋayò ŋ áraw na yitò y dáratiŋ silà. On this very day they will arrive. Ŋayò ŋ táo ŋ iyòn ay patay nà, bákit namàn...? Now that this man is dead, why...?
303. The atonic particle pag gives the time when of a 35single non-actual occurrence; cf. § [274] and see § [300]. Pag akò ay pagòd, natùtúlug akò naŋ maluwàt. When I am tired, I sleep late. Pag paputòl mo ŋ hiníwaʾ aŋ pakuwàn ay hindí màbìbilì aŋ banda ŋ púnoʾ. If you cut the watermelon crosswise, you will not be able to sell the stem-end. Magmùmurahàn sila ŋ dalawà 40pag nagkíta. The two will revile each other when they meet.
304. The particle pagkà (synonymous with kapàg, § [296]) gives the time immediately after which of a single non-actual occurrence; cf. § [274] and see § [300]. Pagka ikàw ay nahúlog ay masàsaktan kà. When you have taken a fall you will be hurt.
305. The particle patì including; cf. § [68]. aŋ boò ŋ katawàn patì maŋa matà at taíŋa the whole body, including eyes 5and ears.
306. The particle sapagkàt (sa pagkà at ?) because, for: Sapagkàt aŋ pári ŋ itò ay nagakála ŋ maŋa walà ŋ pinagarálan aŋ kanyà ŋ sinèsèrmunan ay hindí sya nagpílit.... Because this priest thought his hearers were uneducated people, he took no 10pains.... Ipinapútol nya aŋ kanya ŋ dalíreʾ, sapagkàt tinubúan naŋ kànser. He had his finger amputated because there was a cancer on it. For a phrase with sapagkàt as predicate see example under kanyàʾ, § [241].
307. The particle tuwèʾ (§ [244]) in this use tells the time 15when always of actual repeated occurrences: whenever, every time. It is conjunctively joined to its clause: Pinaghàhatdan nyà naŋ gátas aŋ báyan twì ŋ umága. He delivers milk in the town every morning. Pumàparíto aŋ médiko twi ŋ makalawà. The doctor comes every other day. Si Hwàn ay nakìkipagluksúhan 20twi ŋ idinàdáos aŋ maŋa palaròʾ kuŋ fyèsta naŋ báyan. Juan takes part in the jumping contest whenever games are held in the fiesta of the town. Twì ŋ papásuk akò sa síne sa áki ŋ kúyaŋ ay áyaw sya. Every time I ask my brother to take me to the moving-picture show, he refuses.
25308. úpaŋ in order to, so that (úpa pay, wages ?): Sila y naúupo pa lámaŋ úpaŋ manaŋháleʾ. They are just sitting down to eat the noon meal. Syà y tumayòʾ sa bubuŋàn naŋ báhay úpaŋ tanawìn aŋ súnog. He stood up on the roof of the house to watch the fire. Kantahàn ninyò aŋ máy sakit úpaŋ sya y 30malibàŋ. Sing for the sick man so that he may be cheered. Tináwag nilà aŋ isa ŋ kálaw úpaŋ siya ŋ magìŋ hukòm. They called an owl so that (it) might be the one who served as judge.
309. yámaŋ while, as: Aŋ púno naŋ uŋgò ay namatày yámaŋ aŋ sa pagòŋ ay tumúboʾ. The tree of the monkey died while 35that of the turtle grew.