(4) kayàʾ at so that (cf. § [297]): Napapúpunta nilà aŋ pelóta kayà t báwat isa sa kanilà ay nakaabàŋ. They direct the ball so that every one of them is on guard.
(5) káylan màn at every time that, whenever, synonymous 35with tuwè ŋ, § [307] (cf. káylan màn § [262]): Si Hwàn ay táwa naŋ táwa káylan mà t márinig nya aŋ maŋa katatawanà ŋ bahági naŋ kwènto. Juan laughs and laughs every time he hears the funny parts of the story.
318. dátapuwat but is the commonest adversative coordinating particle. It is used also when the two members are not logically but only formally in contrast: Aŋ húni naŋ pipìt ay mahínaʾ, dátapuwat mataàs aŋ tóno. The chirping of the stone-sparrow 5is weak, but high-pitched. Pùputúlin ko aŋ lúbid kuŋ máy-roon akò ŋ laséta, dátapuwat walá ako. I should cut the rope if I had a knife, but I have none. Si Pédro ay hindí dumatìŋ, dátapuwat iba ŋ táo aŋ naparíto. Pedro did not arrive; it was someone else who came here.
10319. The particles nì hindìʾ (§§ [253]. 239) connect coordinate elements in the sense of nor: Sya y hindí nagsísimbà nì hindí naŋúŋumpisàl nì hindí rin nagmàmáno sa páreʾ. He neither went to church nor confessed nor kissed the priest’s hand. The hindìʾ may, as an anaphoric element, be left off after another 15hindìʾ: Aŋ kanila ŋ kamày ay hindí nila máilabàs sa bútas nì ibig namàn sila ŋ bitíwan aŋ lamàn naŋ nyòg. They cannot take out their hands from the opening, nor are they willing to let go the cocoanut-meat.
320. The particle ŋúnit is equivalent with dátapuwat, but 20is less common: Hindí sya nagísip, ŋúnit sumagòt karáka-ráka. He did not reflect but answered at once.
321. The atonic particle o or (probably Spanish): isa ŋ malakì ŋ áso o báboy a large dog or pig; Dikdikìn kità sa lusòŋ o lunúrin kita sa ílog? Shall I bray you in a mortar or drown you 25in the river? Frequently the combination o kayàʾ (§ [219]) is used; it is loosely joined: Aŋ kapaŋyaríha ŋ itò y gáliŋ sa dimóniyo o kayà y mána sa magúlaŋ. This power comes from a demon or else is inherited from one’s parents.
322. The particle subálit but is less common than its equivalents 30dátapuwat and ŋúnit: Aku sána y páparoon sa Balíwag, subálit hindí ako nátulòy, dahilàn sa isa ŋ karamdáman. I was going to Baliwag, but I did not keep on, on account of an illness.
(2) paratactic sentences.
323. A vocative joins another sentence: Hintú na kayò, 35maŋa bátaʾ! Stop, children! Té na, baláe! or: Tara nà, baláe! Come on, old man!
324. Contrast, cause, result, detail, etc. are sometimes paratactically expressed; in some cases it seems uncertain whether the second element is paratactic or subordinate, so especially when it 40begins with kaniyàʾ (§§ [241]. 295): Sina Pédro, Hwàn, at Andrès ay magkakasamahà ŋ nagtánod sa isà ŋ dúlo naŋ tulày; sina Felípe, Andùy, at Mariyáno sa ikalawà ŋ dúlo. Pedro, Juan, and Andrés are standing guard together at one end of the bridge; Felipe, Andoy, and Mariano at the other. Hindí ko gustò iyàn, ibà aŋ áki ŋ gustò. I don’t like that, I want something else. 5Hwag kà ŋ umyàk, Maryà, baká ka himatayìn. Don’t weep, Maria, you might have a fainting-fit. Aŋ kantà naŋ báta ŋ si Hwàn ay kanya ŋ nalimútan, kanyà hindi tulàʾ aŋ kanya ŋ kinantà. Little Juan forgot his song, that is why what he sang was disconnected. Siya ŋàʾ, siyà aŋ nagbigày sa ákin naŋ bágo ŋ búhay. Yes, she; 10it was she who gave me new life. Sya y may famíliya; bukòd sa asáwa ay may dalawà sya ŋ anàk. He had a family; beside his wife he had two children.