10Other roots: akmàʾ, ámot, apòy, balàt, báyaʾ, báyad, bigày, bendisiyòn, búti, dagán, retráto, gámit, gawàʾ, gupìt, halimhìm, hatìd, háwak, higàʾ, hitsà, húkay, húlog, íŋat, kamìt, kantà, labàs, lagày, láloʾ, lápit, lígaw, ligtàs, limòs, mulàʾ, pagakpàk, palìt, panhìk, pások, prubà, puntà, putòk, sabày, sáboy, sagásaʾ, sákit, salákay, 15silakbò, subò, súbok, sunòd, suŋgàb, soòt, táliʾ, támaʾ, táŋaʾ, táŋan, tíbay, tibàʾ, tiŋìn, túboʾ, tugtòg, túlad, túlog, túloŋ, tuŋtóŋ, umpisà, úpa, útos, wisìk.

(a) From derived words: Sya y tinagilíran ni Pédro. Pedro hit him in the side (ta-gílid, § [523]), but: Tinaligdàn ni Hwàn si 20Pédro pagdadaàn nitò sa kanya ŋ harapàn. Juan turned away from Pedro when the latter came before him. Tinalikdàn ni Hwàn si Pédro. Juan turned his back on Pedro (talíkod, § [523]).

(b) Irregularly without accent shift before the suffix: Áki ŋ binitáwan (or: binitíwan) aŋ bóte. I let go my hold on the bottle. 25Bitíwan mo aŋ lúbid. Let go of the rope. Dinaánan siyà naŋ isa ŋ silakbò naŋ gálit. A fit of anger came upon him. ... naŋ isa ŋ masamà ŋ pagiísip. An evil thought came to him. Dinàdaánan sya naŋ isa ŋ malakì ŋ kaluŋkútan. A great grief is upon him. ... naŋ pagkaulòl. He is under an attack of madness. Cf. daanàn, 30above. Minatáan naŋ bágo ŋ táo aŋ aswàŋ. The young man looked round for the vampire. Matáan mo aŋ magnanákaw. Keep an eye open for the thief. So from: sèrmon.

(c) From root with accent shift (so that the total shift is two syllables): Aŋ utusàn naŋ kapitàn ay tinamaàn naŋ bála. The 35captain’s orderly was hit by a bullet. Aŋ lulòd ni Pédro ay tinamaàn naŋ bála. Pedro got shot in the shin. Tinamaàn naŋ kulòg (naŋ lintìk) aŋ isa ŋ púnu-ŋ-maŋgà. A mango tree was struck by the thunder (by lightning). Tamaàn ka naŋ lintìk! May the lightning strike you! (curse.)

40375. The local passive is formed from the root with pag- when it corresponds to an active in which mag- is contrasted with -um- (§ [351]) or when the local relation, especially of person for whom, is highly explicit: pag-putúl-an, pag-pù-putúl-an, p-in-ag-putúl-an, p-in-ag-pù-putúl-an. Examples: Aŋ pagsakày sa kabáyo ay hindí magaà ŋ pagarálan kuŋ salbáhe aŋ kabáyo. Riding horseback is not easy to learn if the horse is unruly. Hindí káya ni Hwàn aŋ kanya ŋ pinagàarálan. Juan’s studies are too hard 5for him. Pagbàbalikàn kità. I will come back to you. Pagbalikàn mo akò. Come back to me. Aŋ útaŋ ni Maryà ay pinagbayáran naŋ kanya ŋ kapatìd na babáye. Maria’s debt was paid off by her sister. Aŋ áki ŋ kapatìd na laláki aŋ pinagbilhàn ko nito ŋ báhay. I sold this house to my brother. Napatìd aŋ lúbid na kanya 10ŋ pinagbìbiyabúhan. The rope on which he was swinging broke. Aŋ pinagharáŋan kina Hwàn ay isa ŋ lugàr na malápit sa maŋgáhan sa daà-ŋ-Balíwag. The place where Juan and his company were held up was a spot near the mango-grove on the Baliuag road. Pagharían mo ŋ mabúte aŋ pulò ŋ itò. Rule righteously over this 15island. Paghasáan mo naŋ maŋa paŋáhit aŋ hasaà ŋ itò. Use this whetstone to sharpen razors on. Aŋ pinaghatdan kò naŋ gátas ay maláyoʾ. The place to which I delivered the milk was a long way off. Sa pasíga ŋ itò y walà ŋ lugàr na pinaghùhubaràn naŋ damìt. At this beach there is no place for undressing. aŋ pinagibhàn the 20point of difference, the difference. Pagiŋátan mo ŋ dalhìn aŋ túbo ŋ kristàl na iyàn, sapagkàt baká magkàputòl-putòl iyàn kuŋ hindí ka maíŋat naŋ pagdadalà. Carry that glass tube carefully, because it might get smashed if you are not careful about the carrying it. Pinagkabyawàn nilà aŋ lugàr na itò. This place is where they 25pressed sugar-cane. Aŋ pinagkàkabyawàn námin ay isa ŋ lugàr na mataàs káy sa tubúhan. The place where we press sugar-cane is a place higher than the cane-field. Pagkabyawàn ninyò naŋ tubò aŋ bágo ŋ kabyáwan. Press the cane in the new press. Pagkàbyawàn nilà aŋ bágo ŋ tayò ŋ kabyáwan. They will press sugar-cane 30in the newly-erected press. Aŋ hwátaw aŋ sya mò ŋ pagkánan. The Chinese bowl is what you are to eat from. Si Pédro aŋ pinagkúnan naŋ maŋa kasaŋkápa ŋ itò. Pedro is the one from whom we got these tools. Si Migèl aŋ pinagkùkúnan nya naŋ kwàlta ŋ paŋbilè naŋ kalabàw. Miguel is the one from whom he gets money 35to buy carabao. Aŋ pagkúnan mo naŋ pálay ay aŋ sáko ŋ may kúlaŋ. The place for you to take rice is the sack that is already broken. Hwag mò ŋ paglaruwàn, Hwàn, aŋ kutìŋ, sapagkàt baká mo iyàn màbúlag. Don’t play with the kitten, Juan, for you might inadvertently blind it. Paglarwan mò aŋ bóla. Play (with the) 40ball. Aŋ kutìŋ ay nàbálot sa pinaglàlaruwàn nya ŋ damìt. The kitten got wrapped up in the piece of cloth with which it was playing. Pagmasdan mò aŋ bwàn. Look carefully at the moon. Hwag mò ŋ pagputúlan naŋ ano màn aŋ saŋkála ŋ iyàn. Don’t cut anything on that cutting-block. Pinagsalitaàn ni Hwàn aŋ kanyà ŋ maŋa báta ŋ kapatìd. Juan gave his little brothers a talking-to.

5Similarly: bintàŋ, daàn, daràs, dasàl, hátiʾ, hinálaʾ, katàm, kublì, patày, pílit, sábi, silbì, sísi, tagpòʾ, tipàn, úsap.

(a) From a phrase: pinagsa-ulàn (sa ulèʾ).

(b) From a derived word: Maŋà pinagpìpìtagánan ko ŋ ginoò! Respected sirs, Dear sirs (in oral or written address).

10(c) Irregularly without accent shift: pinagdaánan (daàn), cf. § [374,b].

(d) With extra accent shift, corresponding to active with mag- (1): Pagputulàn mo, Hwàn, naŋ maŋa usbòŋ aŋ kalabása. Cut a bundle of shoots from the pumpkin, Juan.