Antennæ varied; wings flat and expanded; proboscis long—Geometridæ, Vespertina, Diurna.

Large Lepidoptera proceeding from free-living, strongly-coloured, and mostly naked Caterpillars.

The Geometridæ have level, tolerably triangular wings and filiform antennæ; they proceed from naked Caterpillars with few abdominal feet.

The Vespertina have level, long, and narrow wings, and spindle-shaped antennæ; they emerge from perfect Caterpillars.

The Diurna have the wings folded upwards in a reverse position, claviform antennæ, and proceed from perfect Caterpillars.

Alliance 1. Moth-like Homaloptera, Geometridæ.

a. Typical: Geometræ.
b. Sphingoid: Aposuræ.
c. Papilionaceous: Uraniidæ.

Alliance 2. Bombycoid Homaloptera, Sphingidæ.

a. Geometroid: Zygænidæ and Sesiadæ.
b. Typical: Sphingidæ.
c. Papilionaceous: Castniæ.

Alliance 3. Typical Homaloptera, Papilionidæ.