a. Geometroid: Hesperiidæ, Lycænidæ and Erycinidæ.
b. Sphingoid: Nymphalidæ and Heliconiidæ.
c. Typical: Pieridæ and Papilionidæ.
COHORT II. CRUSTACEOUS FLIES—DICTYOPTERA.
3522. Four wings, with longitudinal and numerous transverse veins, the anterior pair being mostly leathery in texture; eyes mostly smaller than head.
Here belong the Neuroptera, Orthoptera, and Hemiptera.
The metamorphosis is tolerably imperfect, and the larvæ have never more than three pairs of thoracic feet, and therefore correspond no longer to the Worms, but to the Crabs, where the number of the feet has been already more determined. Many also strikingly simulate the Crustacea.
In all three families also the pupa runs about, eats, and has rudiments of wings.
The abdominal rings are mostly horny and hairless. The spiracula lie upon the upper margin.
The eyes are generally much smaller than the head, and may therefore, in comparison with those of the preceding and subsequent groups, be said to be of middling size; the simple eyes have for the greatest part disappeared. Meanwhile the first family displays large eyes, the second eyes of a middling size, the third small eyes.
They divide like their antetypes, the Crabs, into three orders.
Order 4. Crab-Flies—Neuroptera.