The New World of Islam

by Lothrop Stoddard

[155] For short historical summary, see A. C. Coolidge, "The European Reconquest of North Africa," American Historical Review, July, 1912.

[156] For these nationalist movements in French North Africa, see A. Servier, Le Nationalisme musulman (Constantine, Algeria, 1913); P. Lapie, Les Civilisations tunisiennes (Paris, 1898); P. Millet, "Les Jeunes-Algériens," Revue de Paris, 1 November, 1913.

[157] A good analysis of the pre-revolutionary reformist movements is found in "X," "La Situation politique de la Perse," Revue du Monde musulman, June, 1914. See also Vambéry, Western Culture in Eastern Lands; General Sir T. E. Gordon, "The Reform Movement in Persia," Proceedings of the Central Asian Society, 13 March, 1907.

[158] See W. Morgan Shuster, The Strangling of Persia (New York, 1912). Also, for earlier phase of the revolution, see E. G. Browne, The Revolution in Persia (London, 1910).

[159] E. G. Browne, "The Present Situation in Persia," Contemporary Review, November, 1912.

[160] Vambéry, La Turquie d'aujourd'hui et d'avant Quarante Ans, pp. 11-12.

[161] For the Tartar revival, see S. Brobovnikov, "Moslems in Russia," The Moslem World, January, 1911; Févret, "Les Tatars de Crimée," Revue du Monde musulman, August, 1907; A. Le Chatelier, "Les Musulmans russes," Revue du Monde musulman, December, 1906; Fr. von Mackay, "Die Erweckung Russlands asiatischen Völkerschaften," Deutsche Rundschau, March, 1918; Arminius Vambéry, Western Culture in Eastern Lands; H. Williams, "The Russian Mohammedans," Russian Review, February, 1914; "X," "Le Pan-Islamisme et le Pan-Turquisme," Revue du Monde musulman, March, 1913.

[162] For these activities, see article by "X," quoted above; also Ahmed Emin, The Development of Modern Turkey as Measured by its Press (New York, 1914).

[163] For these Pan-Turanian tendencies in Hungary and Bulgaria, see my article "Pan-Turanism," American Political Science Review, February, 1917.

[164] See article by "X," quoted above; also his article "Les Courants politiques dans la Turquie contemporaine," Revue du Monde musulman, December, 1912.