Table 8. Length of Sternum and Depth of Carina expressed as percentages of the Length of the Trunk

SpeciesSternumCarina

Ptilogonys caudatus8528
Ptilogonys cinereus9132
Phainopepla nitens8126
Phainoptila melanoxantha7625
Dulus dominicus10728
Bombycilla garrula8833
Bombycilla cedrorum8231

Table 9. Skull and Sternum, Length and Width in mm.

SpeciesLength of SkullWidth of SkullLength of SternumWidth of Sternum

Ptilogonys caudatus34.915.623.97.8
Ptilogonys cinereus33.414.724.38.5
Phainopepla nitens33.315.121.36.9
Phainoptila melanoxantha39.716.024.88.2
Dulus dominicus36.416.630.58.0
Bombycilla garrula37.016.830.011.2
Bombycilla cedrorum34.015.525.39.6

The length of the trunk was taken as the distance from the anterior tip of the neural crest of the last cervical vertebra to the anterior edge of an acetabulum. The number of free thoracic vertebra was five in each specimen; consequently, there was no error from this source. In the cranium, a measurement was taken from the anterior edge of the lacrimal bone to the posteriormost end of the cranium, and the resultant figure was employed for a constant in cases in which small bones were compared.