The Travels of Marco Polo — Volume 2 - Marco Polo; da Pisa Rusticiano

[36] Untersuchungen über Johan von Mandeville und die Quellen seiner Reisebeschreibung. Von Albert Bovenschen. (Zeitschrift d. Ges. für Erdkunde zu Berlin, XXIII. Bd., 3 u. 4 Hft. No. 135, 136, pp. 177–306.)

[37] (1) Itinerarivm // per nonnv. las // Galliæ Belgicæ partes, // Abrahami Ortelii et // Ioannis Viviani. // Ad Gerardvm Mercatorem, // Cosmographvm. // Antverpiæ, // Ex officina Christophori Plantini. // clↄ. lↄ. lxxxiv. // small 8vo, pp. 15–16.

(2) Read 1372.

(3) Purchas, His Pilgrimes, 3rd Pt., Lond., 1625, reproduces it on p. 128: “Hic jacet vir nobilis, D. Ioannes de Mandeville, aliter dictus ad Barbam, Miles, Dominus de Campdi, natus de Anglia, Medicinæ Professor, deuotissimus, orator, & bonorum largissimus pauperibus erogator qui toto quasi orbe lustrato, Leodij diem vitæ suæ clausit extremum. Anno Dom. 1371, Mensis Nouembris, die 17.”

[38] Bibliothèque nationale:—Catalogue des manuscrits des fonds Libri et Barrois. Paris, 1888. 8vo. cf. pp. 251–253.

INDEX

Transcriber’s Note:

Numbers in italics refer to Prefatory Material in volume I
‘i.’ and ‘ii.’ indicate volume referred to
‘n’ indicates item is in Notes on that page
Index has been duplicated from volume II to volume I
Only links for this volume are enabled

Aas, Asu, see [Alans]
Abacan, a Tartar general, ii. [255], [261n], [596n]
Ábah, see [Ávah]
Abaji, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n
Ábáká (Abaga), Khan of Persia, i. 33n, 36n, 91n, 103n, ii. [465–467], [474], [475], [477n], [495n]
Abano, Pietro of, his notice of Polo, 119
Abash (Ḥabsh), see [Abyssinia]
Abba Gregory, ii. [433n]
Abbás, Sháh, i. 90n
Abbott, Consul Keith E., i. 81n, 82n, 89n, 92n, 96n, 99n, 106n, 111n, 113n, 114n, 125n
Abdul Kuri islands, ii. [405n]
—— Mejid, i. 175n
Abeskun (Baxon), on the Caspian, i. 59n
Abher, i. 38n, 82n
Abkashian forests, boxwood of the, i. 57n
Abnús, ebony, ii. [272n]
Abraha, ruler of Yemen, ii. [434n]
Abraiaman, see [Brahmans]
Abubakr, Atabeg of Fars, i. 85n, ii. [348n]
—— Ibrahim, and Mahomed, engineers employed by Kúblái, ii. [168n]
Abu’l Abbas Ahmed VII., Khalif of Baghdad, i. 69n
—— Fázl, i. 103n, 168n, 169n, ii. [367], [374n]
Abulfeda, his geography, 4, i. 3n, 6n, 9n, 53n, 57n, 58n, 75n, 81n, 110n, 385n, ii. [237n], [286n], [367n], [377n], [486n], [489n];
at the siege of Acre, [165n]
Abulfiez Khan, king of Bokhara, i. 88n
Abu Nasr Mohammed IX., Khalif of Baghdad, i. 69n
—— Saïd, i. 86n, ii. [347n]
Abyssinia (Abash), ii. [427] seqq., [431n];
its king’s punishment of Soldan of Aden, [428–430];
dominion on the coast, mediæval history and chronology, [434n–437n];
table of kings, [435n];
wars with Mahomedan states, [436n]
Acbalec Manzi, “White City of the Manzi frontier,” ii. [33], [34n], [35n]
Acbalec or Acbaluc (Cheng-ting fu), ii. [13], [14n]
Accambale, king of Champa, ii. [267], [270n]
Achan, i. 66n
Achin, Acheh, Achem, ii. [283n], [286n], [295n], [296n], [300n], [303n], [305n], [307n];
its gold and lign-aloes, [287n];
conversion of, [288n];
its great power at one time, [289n];
elephants at, [289n]
—— Head, ii. [300n], [307n]
Achmath, the Bailo, see [Ahmad]
Acomat Soldan (Ahmad Sultan), seizes throne of Tabriz, ii. [467];
goes to encounter Argon, [468];
rejects his remonstrance, [469];
defeats and takes him, [470];
hears of Argon’s escape, is taken and put to death, [473];
notes on the history, [470n], [474n]
Acorn bread, i. 122n
Acqui, Friar Jacopo d’, his notice of Polo, 54, 67, 119
Acre, i. 17, 22;
Broils at, between Venetians and Genoese, 42;
plan of, 18n;
captured by Saracens, ii. [165n], [441n];
wickedness of, [442n];
Polos at, [593n]
Adam, Bishop and Pope of China, ii. [28n]
—— Seth, and the Tree of Life, legend of, i. 135n
Adamodana, Castle of, i. 58n
Adam’s Apple, i. 99n
—— sepulchre on mountain (Adam’s Peak) in Ceylon, ii. [316], [328n];
rubies, [316n];
his teeth, hair, etc., [319–320];
the footmark, [321n–322n]
Adel, apparently confused with Aden, ii. [433n], [435n], [440n]
Aden, Horse and other Trade with India, ii. [340], [348n], [390], [407], [427], [431], [438];
Soldan’s treatment of a bishop, [428];
Vengeance of King of Abyssinia on him, [430];
confused with Adel, [433n];
account of Kingdom, [438], [439n–440n];
the Sultan, [438–439], [440n];
intercourse and trade with China, tanks, [440n];
view of, [441]
Adoration of the Emperor, i. 391
Adulis, ii. [432n];
inscription of, [434n]
Aegae, Ayas on the site of ancient, i. 16n
Aepyornis and its eggs, ii. [416n–417n]
Aëtius, his prescription of musk, i. 279n, ii. [302n];
of camphor, [302n]
Afghans, their use of the fat-tailed sheep, i. 100n
Africa, Sea surrounding to the South, ii. [415n]
Agassiz, Professor, i. 100n
Agathocles, Coins of, i. 163n
Ἀγαθοῦ δαίμονος, island, ii. [310n]
Agha Ali Sháh, present representative of the Old Man of the Mountain, i. 148n
—— Khan Meheláti, late representative of the Old Man, i. 147n
Aghrukji or Ukuruji, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n
Agricola, Governor of Cappadocia, etc., i. 45n
Aguil, Mongol general, ii. [136], [138n]
Ahmad (Achmath), the Bailo, of Fenaket, his power, oppressions, death, etc., i. 415 seqq., 421n
—— Sultan, Khan of Persia, see [Acomat]
Ahwaz, province, i. 65n
Aidháb, ii. [439n]
Aidhej, or Mal-Amir, i. 85n
Aijaruc, Kaidu’s daughter, ii. [463];
her strength and prowess, [463] seqq.;
her name, [463]
Aikah Nowin, Engineer in Chief of Chinghiz, ii. [168n]
Ai-lao (afterwards Nan-chao), ancient name of the Shans, ii. [79n]
Aín Akbari (Ayeen Akbery), i. 65n, 99n, 101n, 103n, 409n, ii. [116n]
Ajmir, ii. [426n]
Akbar and Kúblái, a parallel, i. 349n
Ak Bulák salt mines, i. 154n
Akhaltziké (Western Georgia), i. 58n
Akhtuba River, i. 5n, 6n
Ak-khoja, ii. [470n]
Aksarai, or Ghori River, i. 152n
Aksu River, i. 172n, 175n
Aktár, i. 96n
Aktásh Valley, i. 172n, 175n
Alabastri, ii. [432n]
Alacou, see [Hulákú]
Aladja, striped cotton cloth, i. 44n
Alamút, Castle of the Ismailites, i. 141n, 142n, 145n, 148n
Alan country, Alania, i. 57n, ii. [490], [491n]
Alans, or Aas, massacre at Chang-chau of, ii. [178];
employed under Mongols, [179n]
Alaone, the name, 56
Alarm Tower, at Cambaluc, i. 375, 378n;
at Kinsay, ii. [189]
Alatcha, cotton stuff with blue and red stripes, i. 190n
Alau, see [Hulákú]
Aláuddin (Alaodin), see [Old Man of the Mountain]
—— (Alawating of Mufali), an engineer in Kúblái’s service, ii. [167n]
—— Khilji, Sultan of Delhi, i. 104n, ii. [163n], [169n], [333n], [398n], [400n]
Albenigaras, Mt., ii. [362n]
Al Biruni, i. 104n, 174n, ii. [400n]
Alboquerque, see [D’Alboquerque]
Alchemy, Kúblái’s, i. 423
Aleppo, i. 23n
Alexander the Great, allusions to legends and romances about, 113, i. 14n, 129n–133n, ii. [322n], [485n];
his rampart (Iron Gate), i. 50, 53n, 56n, 57n;
the curtains at a banquet given by, 66n;
and the ferrum candidum, 93n;
site of his battle with Darius, 128, 138n;
his wife Roxana, 151;
kills a lion, 152n;
Princes claiming descent from (Zulcarniain), 157, 160n;
his horse Bucephalus, 158;
fixes chains on Adam’s Peak, ii. [322n];
said to have colonised Socotra, [409n];
his tower on the border of Darkness, [485n]
Alexander III., Pope, i. 231n
Alexander IV., Pope, i. 8n
Alexandria, 9, ii. [235];
trade from India to, [390], [438]
Alhinde, Alfinde, Alinde, Al-hint, i. 93n
’Ali and Aliites, i. 140n–141n
Alidada, i. 452n
Alihaiya, Kúblái’s general, ii. [167n]
Alinak, ii. [474n]
Alligator, in Carajan, ii. [76], [81n];
mode of killing, [77];
eaten, [78], [81n];
prophecy of Bhartpúr about, [149n]
Almalik, ii. [462n]
Almanacs, Chinese (Tacuin), i. 447, 448n
Almonds, i. 153, 155n
Aloes, Socotrine, ii. [409n]
—— wood, see [Lign-aloes]
Alor, war cry, 43
Al-Ramni, Al-Ramin, see [Sumatra]
Altai (Altay) Mountains, i. 212, 215n;
the Khan’s burial-place, 246, 269;
used for the Khingan range, 247n, 306n
Altun-Khan, Mountain, i. 247n
—— sovereign, ii. [19n]
Amazons, fable of, ii. [405n]
Ambergris, ii. [308n], [406], [411], [423], [424n];
how got, [408n]
Amber-rosolli, i. 114n
Amda Zion, king of Abyssinia, his wars v. Mahomedans, ii. [435n] seqq.;
not the king mentioned by Polo, [436n]
Ament, Rev. W. S., i. 361n, 421n, ii. [6], [11], [12]
Ameri, a kind of Brazil wood, ii. [301n], [380n]
Amhara, ii. [436n]
Amien, Mien (Burma), ii. [98], [99n]
Amita Buddha, i. 460n
Ammianus Marcellinus, ii. [180n]
Amoy, ii. [231n], [232n];
harbour, ii. [240n], [241n];
languages, [244n]
Amphora, Anfora, ii. [417n]
Amu, Aniu, see [Anin]
Amuki, devoted comrades of the king, ii. [347n]
Anamis (Minao) River, i. 114n
Ananda, Kúblái’s grandson, ii. [29n], [31n]
Anár, i. 90n
Anaurahta, king of Burma, ii. [99n], [329n]
Ancestor Worship, ii. [85], [96n]
Anchors, Wooden, ii. [386], [388n]
Andaine, andena, andanicum, see [Ondanique]
Andaman (Angamanain) islands, ii. [306];
described, [307n], [309–312n];
people, [308n], [309], [311n];
form of the word, [310n]
Andan, andun, Wotiak for steel, i. 94n
Andragiri, ii. [301n]
Andreas, king of Abyssinia, ii. [435n], [436n]
Andrew, Bishop of Zayton, ii. [237n]
—— Grand Duke of Rostof and Susdal, i. 7n
Andromeda ovalifolia, poisonous, i. 218n
Angamanain, see [Andaman]
Angan, or Hanjám, i. 115n
’Angka, gryphon, see [Ruc]
Angkor, ruins of, 13
Ani in Armenia, i. 234n
Animal Patterns, see [Patterns]
Anin, province, ii. [119], [120n], [122n], [123], [128n], [129n], [266n]
Annals of the Indo-Chinese States, ii. [106n]
’An-nam, or Tong-king, ii. [120n]
Anselmo, Friar, i. 131n
Anthropoides Virgo, the demoiselle, i. 297n
Antioch, i. 24n
Antongil Bay, Madagascar, ii. [414n]
Aotonomoff, Spasski, his ascent of Ararat, i. 49n
Apostoille, word used for Pope, i. 12n
Apples of Paradise (Konars), i. 97, 99n, ii. [365]
Apricots, ii. [210n]
’Apuhota (Kapukada?), ii. [380n]
Apushka (Apusca), Tartar envoy from Persia, i. 32, 33n
Arababni, ii. [436n]
Arab geography, 132
—— colonies in Madagascar, ii. [414n]
—— horses, early literary recognition of, ii. [349n];
trade in, see [Horses]
—— merchants, in Southern India, ii. [376]
—— Seamen’s Traditions about Java, ii. [274n]
Arabi (Arabs), i. 60
Arabia, ii. [438–451]
Arabic character, i. 29n
Arachosia, arachoti, ii. [329n], [402n]
Araines, ii. [461], [462n]
Arakan, ii. [100n], [286n], [290n], [298n]
Aram (Harám), Place of the, i. 139, 141n
Ararat, Mount, i. 46;
ascents of, 49n
Arblasts, crossbows, ii. [78], [82n], [161n]
Arbre Sol, or Arbre Sec, Region of the (Khorasan), 113, i. 38n, 83, 127, 128n–139n, ii. [466], [474], [475];
tree described—Chínár or Oriental plane, i. 127, 128n–138n;
various readings, 129n;
Arbre seul, a wrong reading, i. 129n, 138n;
Tree of the Sun legend, 129n–131n;
Christian legend of the Dry Tree, 131n;
engrafted on legends of Alexander, 132n;
Trees of Grace in Persia, 134n;
Dry Trees in Mahomedan legend, 135n;
in Rabbinical and Buddhist stories, and legends of the Wood of the Cross, 135n–136n;
Polo’s Arbre Sec to be sought near Damghan, 138n;
Sabaean apologue, 138n;
clue to the term Arbre Sec, 148n
Arcali, Arculin, see [Erculin]
Architectural remains in Indo-China, 13
Ardeshír Bábekán, first Sassanian king, i. 91n
Ardeshír, last sovereign of Shabánkára, i. 86n
Areca, ii. [309n], [374n]
Areng Saccharifera, ii. [297n]
Arezzo, i. 21n
Argaeus, Mount, i. 44n
Argali, ii. [483n]
Arghún, Khan of Persia (Polo’s Argon, Lord of the Levant), 23–24, i. 14n, ii. [50], [466–467];
sends an embassy to Kúblái for a wife, i. 32, 33n;
is dead when she arrives, 35, 36n, 38n, 101n;
his unhappy use of the elixir vitae, ii. [369n];
advances against his uncle Ahmad, [467];
harangues his chiefs, [468];
sends Ahmad a remonstrance, [469];
is taken prisoner, [470];
released by certain chiefs, [471];
obtains sovereignty, [472];
his death, [474];
his beauty, [478n]
Argons (Arghún), half-breeds, i. 101n, 284, 290n
Arii, Ariana, ii. [402n]
Arikbuga, Kúblái’s brother, i. 334n
Arimaspia, ii. [419n]
Arimaspian gold, ii. [419n]
Ariora-Keshimur, i. 86n, 98, 104n;
meaning of Ariora, 104n
Ariosto, i. 17n
Aripo, ii. [335n], [337n]
Aristotle, 130, i. 87n, 130n, ii. [409n]
Arjish (Arzizi), i. 45, 49n
Arkasun Noian, ii. [474n]
Arkhaiun, applied to Oriental Christians or their Clergy, i. 290n
Armenia, Greater, i. 45, 98
Armenia (Hermenia), Lesser or Cilician, 10, i. 16, 20, 22, 23n, 41
Armenian Christians, i. 290n
Armenians, i. 43, 45, 75
Armillary Zodiacal Sphere, i. 450n
Armour of boiled leather, see [Cuirbouly]
Arms of Kerman, i. 90, 96n;
of the Tartars, i. 260, 263n, ii. [460]
Arredon River, i. 54n
Arrow Divination, i. 243n
Arrows, Tartar, ii. [460]
Artacki, i. 281n
Arts, the Seven, i. 13, 14n
Aru, Cumahā, ii. [303n]
Arucki, i. 281n
Aruk, ii. [474n]
Arulun Tsaghan Balghasun (Chagan-Nor), i. 297n, 306n
Arya Chakravarti, ii. [316n]
Aryavartta, the Holy Lands of Indian Buddhism, i. 104n
Arzinga (Erzingan), i. 45, 46n
Arziron (Erzrum), i. 45, 48n
Arzizi (Arjish), i. 45, 49n
Asbestos, and the Salamander, i. 212, 216n–217n
Asceticism of the Sensin, i. 303;
of the Jogis, ii. [365]
Asedin Soldan (Ghaiassuddin Balban, Sultan of Delhi), i. 99, 104n, 105n
Ashar (Asciar), king of Cail, ii. [370], [373n]
Ashishin, see [Assassins]
Ashod, founder of the Bagratid dynasty, i. 53n
Ashurada, i. 59n
Asikan, Mongol general, ii. [260n]
Aṣoka, ii. [328]
Asper, or akché, about a groat, ii. [22], [23n]
Assai River, i. 54n
Assassins (Ashishin, Hashíshin), Ismailites, i. 84n, 140;
how the Old Man trained them, 142;
murders by, 144n;
their destruction, 145;
survival and recent circumstances of the sect, 146n
Asses, in Persia, i. 83, 87n, 88, 89n, 123, 225n;
in Mongolia, 224, 225n, 397;
in Madagascar, ii. [413], [421n];
in Abyssinia, [431];
in Far North, [479], [481n]
Asterius, Bishop of Amasia in Pontus, i. 66n
Astrakhan (Gittarchan), i. 5n, 6n
Astrolabe, i. 446
Astrology, -ers, in Tangut, i. 205;
of Chinghiz, 241;
at Kúblái’s Court, 301, 391;
at Cambaluc, 446;
of Tibet, ii. [49];
at Kinsay, [191], [203];
in Maabar, [344];
in Coilum, [376]
Astronomical instruments, ancient Chinese, i. 378n, 449n–454n
Atabegs, of Mosul, i. 61n;
of Lúr, 85n;
of Fars, 85n, 121n;
of Yezd, 88;
of Kerman, 91n
Atjeh, see [Achin]
Atkinson’s Narratives, and their credibility, i. 214n, 215n
Atlas, Chinese, in Magliabecchian Library, ii. [193n]
Ἀτταγὰς (Black Partridge), i. 99
Attalus, King, i. 66n
At-Thaibi family, i. 121n
Auberoche, Siege of, ii. [163n], [165n]
Audh (Oudh), ii. [427n]
Aufat, Ifat, ii. [435n]
Augury, see [Omens]
Aung Khan (Unc Can), see [Prester John]
Aurangzíb, i. 168n
Aurora, Ibn Fozlán’s account of, i. 8n
Aussa, ii. [435n]
Ávah, Abah, Ava, one of the cities of the Magi, i. 80, 81n
Avarian, epithet of S. Thomas, ii. [353], [355n–356n]
Avebury, Lord, on couvade, ii. [93n]
Avicenna’s classification of Iron, i. 94n
Avigi, ′afçi (falco montanus), i. 50, 57n
Axum, Inscription, ii. [432n];
Church of, [433n];
Court of, [434n]
Ayas (Layas, Aiazzo, etc.), port of Cilician Armenia, 19, i. 16, 17n, 20, 22, 41;
Sea fight at, 43, 46, 54
Ayuthia, 13, ii. [278n], [279n]
Azumiti, ii. [432n]
Azure, Ultramarine (lapis armenus) Mines in Badakhshan, i. 157, 162n;
in Tenduc, 284;
ore, 365, 370n
Baba Buzurg, worshipped by the Lurs, i. 85n
Baber, E. C., on Ch’êng-tú, ii. [38n];
on wild oxen of Tibet, [52n];
Lolos, [61n–63n];
Gold River (Brius), [67n];
the word Caindu, [70n];
Talifu, [80n];
Mekong River [88n];
Zardandan, [89n];
site of battle between Kúblái and king of Mien, [105n];
descent of Mien, [108n]
Baboons, etymology, ii. [385n], [431]
Báb-ul-abwáh, “The Gate of Gates,” Pass of Derbend, i. 53n
Babylon, Babylonia (Cairo or Egypt), i. 22, 24n, ii. [226], [230n];
Sultan of, i. 22, ii. [439], [473]
Babylonish garments, i. 66n
Baccadeo, indigo, ii. [382n]
Baccanor, ii. [386n]
Bacon, Roger, i. 94n, 426n;
as geographer, 114, 131
Bacsi, see [Bakhshi]
Bactria, its relation to Greece, i. 160n
Bacu, Sea of (Caspian), i. 59n
Badakhshan (Badashan), i. 98, 104n, 154, 157;
its population, 155n, 160n;
capitals of, 156n;
Mirs of, 156n, 160n;
legend of Alexandrian pedigree of its kings, 157, 160n;
depopulation of, 156n, 163n;
scenery, 158n;
dialects, 160n;
forms of the name, 161n;
great river of (Upper Oxus), 170
Badáún, ii. [427n]
Badger, Rev. Dr. G. P., i. 65n, ii. 444n
Badghís, i. 150n, ii. [467]
Badgír, Wind-catchers, ii. [452], [453n]
Badruddín Lúlú, last Atabeg of Mosul, i. 61n
Báfk (Báft), i. 89n, 111n, 122n
Baghdad (Baudas), Baldac, taken by Alaü, Hulákú, i. 63;
its Khalif, 63, 64;
the miracle of the mountain, 69
—— Archbishop of, ii. [407]
—— its indigo (baccadeo), ii. [382n]
Bagratidae, of Armenia, i. 42n;
of Georgia, 52n
Bagration-Mukransky, Prince, i. 53n
Bahár, ii. [427n]
Bahárak, plain, i. 156n
Bahá-uddin Ayaz, Wazir of Kalhát, i. 120n
Bahá-ul-hakh, the Saint of Multán, ii. [82n]
Bahrámábád, i. 90n, 122n
Bahrámjird Village, i. 113n
Bahrein, ii. [348n]
Baiberdon, i. 49n
Baiburt (Paipurth), Castle of, i. 48n, 49n
Baidu Khan, i. 14n, ii. [475n];
seizes throne of Persia, [476];
displaced and killed by Gházán, [476];
alleged to be a Christian, [476], [477n]
Bailo, the title, i. 417;
etymology of, 421n
Bakhshi (Bacsi), Lamas, i. 414, 445;
their enchantments, 301, 302, 314n–318n;
various meanings of the word, 314n
Bakhtyáris of Lúristán, the, i. 87n
Baku, oil fields of, i. 46, 49n;
Sea of (Caspian), i. 59n
Balad-ul-Falfal (Malabar), ii. [377n]
Baladi, ii. [381n]
Balalaika, a two-stringed Tartar instrument, i. 339n
Balánjaríyah, devoted lieges, ii. [347n]
Bala-Sagun, i. 232n
Balas rubies, i. 157, 161n, ii. [362n]
Baldac, see [Baghdad]
Baldacchini (Baudekins), brocades made at Baghdad, i. 63, 65n
Baldwin II. (de Courtenay), last Latin Emperor of Constantinople, i. 2, 3n
Bali, Island of, ii. [287n]
—— in Abyssinia, ii. [436n]
Balios, i. 421n
Balish (a money of account), ii. [218n]
Balista, always a crossbow in mediæval times, ii. [161n]
Balkh (Balc), i. 151
Balkhash Lake, ii. [459n]
Ballads, Genoese, on sea-fights at Ayas and Curzola, 43 seqq.
Ballard, Mr., ii. [382n], [387n]
Balor, Balaur, Bilaur, Malaur, Bolor, i. 172, 178n–179n
Bâlos, Malacca boats with two rudders, i. 119n
Balsamodendron Mukul, ii. [397n]
Balthazar, of the Magi, i. 78, 82n
Bálti, i. 160n, 178n
Balustrade, etymology of the word, 38
Bamboo (always called canes by Polo), its multifarious uses, i. 299, 307n;
Kúblái’s Chandu Palace made of, 299, 306n;
great, on banks of Caramoran river, ii. [220];
explode loudly when burning, [42], [43], [46n];
large in Tibet, [48n];
ropes of, [171], [174n];
in Che kiang, [221n]
Bamian, caves at, i. 156n;
huge recumbent image at, 221n
Bám-i-Duniah, “Roof of the World,” i. 171, 174n
Bamm, i. 113n
Bandar Abbás (Bandar-Abbási), i. 86n, 89n, 106n, 122n
Bandith, i. 98, 100n, 151
Bangala, see [Bengal]
Banzaroff, Dorji, on Shamanism, i. 258n
Baptism, accompanied by branding, in Abyssinia, ii. [427], [432n]
Bara, ii. [305n]
Barac (Borrak), Khan of Chagatai, i. 9, 10n, 103n;
his war with Arghún, ii. [458n], [467]
Baradaeus, Jacob, or James Zanzale, Bishop of Edessa, i. 61n
Barbaro, Josafat, i. 49n, 53n, 100n, 426n, 427n
Barbarossa, Frederic, 36, i. 82n
Barberino, Francesco da, 36, 118, i. 117n
Barda’at, saddle-cloths, i. 61n
Bardesir, i. 112n
Bardshír, Bardsír, Bard-i-Ardeshír, i. 92n
Bargu (Barguchin Tugrum, or Barguti), plain, i. 269, 270n
Barguerlac, Syrrhaptes Pallasii, a kind of sand grouse, i. 269, 272n;
its migration into England, 273n
Barguzinsk, i. 270n
Barin, Mongol tribe, ii. [148n]
Bark, money made from, 108, i. 423;
fine clothes from, ii. [124], [127n]
Barka (Barca), Khan, ruler of Kipchak, i. 4, 5n, 103n, ii. [491];
his war with Hulákú, i. 4, ii. [494] seqq.
Barkul, i. 345n
Barkút, búrgút (bearcoote), eagle trained to the chase, i. 397, 399n
Barlaam and Josaphat, Story of Saints, from Legend of Buddha, ii. [323n] seqq.
Barley, huskless, i. 158, 162n
Baroch, ii. [367n]
Baron-tala, name applied by Mongols to Tibet, i. 214n
Barons (Shieng or Sing), Kaan’s twelve, ii. [430]
Barozzi, Nicolo, 30, 70
Barros, John de, i. 110n, 120n;
geography of, 3
Barsauma (St. Barsamo), i. 77
Barskul (Barscol), “Leopard Lake,” i. 343, 345n
Bartizan, Kúblái’s wooden, i. 337, 339n
Barus, Barros (Sumatra), its camphor, ii. [302n–303n], [304n]
Barussae insulae, ii. [310n]
Barygaza, ii. [397n], [408n]
Bashai (Pashai), i. 165n
Bashkirds (Hungarians), i. 57n; ii. [492n]
Bashpah, Lama, and the Mongol character called after him, i. 28n, 353n, ii. [46n]
Basma, see [Pasei]
Basmuls (Guasmuls), half-breeds, i. 284, 292n
Basra (Bastra), noted for its date-groves, i. 63, 65n
Bathang, ii. [45n], [48n], [56n], [67n], [70n]
Baths, natural hot, near Hormuz, i. 110–122n;
in Cathay, 442;
public at Kinsay, ii. [189], [198n]
Batigala, Batticalla, ii. [426n], [443n]
Batochina, ii. [302n]
Bats, large, in India, ii. [345]
Battas of Sumatra, and cannibalism, ii. [288n], [298n]
Batthála, Bettelar (Patlam in Ceylon), ii. [337n]
Battles, Kúblái v. Nayan, i. 336;
Tartars v. king of Mien, ii. [101];
Caidu v. Khan’s forces, [461];
Borrak and Arghún, [467];
Arghún and Ahmad, [470n];
Hulákú and Barka, [496];
Toktai and Nogai, [499]
Bátú, Khan of Kipchak, founder of Sarai, 11, i. 5n, 6n, 245, 247n;
invades Russia, 490, 493n;
made by Polo into two kings—Sain and Patu, 491, 492n;
his character and cruelty, 492n
Baudas, see [Baghdad]
Baudekins (baldacchini), brocades made at Baghdad, i. 63, 65n
Bauduin de Sebourc, 121 seqq., ii. [141], [144], [189], [216]
Bavaria, Duke Ernest of, a mediæval Romance, ii. [418n]
Bawárij, corsairs, ii. [410n]
Bayan Chingsian, Kúblái’s greatest Captain, i. 10n, 334n, 361n, ii. [138n], [208n], [462n];
prophecy connected with his name, [145], [150n];
his conquest of Manzi or South China, [146];
his history and character, [148n], [149n];
his exceptional cruelty at Chang-chau, [179], [145n]
Bayan, Khagan of the Avars, ii. [148n]
Bayan (Baian), Kúblái’s Master of the Hounds, i. 400, 401n
Bayan, son of Násruddin, ii. [104n]
Bayezid Ilderim, i. 45n
Bdellium, ii. [397n]
Beads, Hindu, ii. [338], [347n]
Bears, i. 396, 397, 401, ii. [31], [37], [42], [78], [382], [411], [431];
white in Far North, [479], [481n]
Beast and bird patterns, see [Patterns]
Beaten gold, i. 387, 388n
Beaujeu, William de, Master of the Temple, i. 25n
Beauty of—Georgians, i. 50, 53n;
Khorasan women, 128;
Kashmir women, 166;
Sinju women, 276;
Argons, or half-breeds, 284;
the Ungrat or Kungurat tribe, 357;
people of Coloman, ii. [122];
Kinsay women, [186];
Kaidu’s daughter, [463];
Arghún Khan, [478];
the Russians, [487]
Beds, their arrangement in India, ii. [346], [352n]
Beef, not eaten in Maabar, except by the Govi, ii. [341], [350n];
formerly eaten in India, [350n]
Bejas of the Red Sea Coast, ii. [425], [432n], [434n]
Belgutai, Chinghiz’s stepbrother, i. 334n
“Belic” for “Melic,” ii. [470n]
Bell at Cambaluc, great, i. 375, 378n, 414
Bellál Rajas, ii. [367n]
Belledi, balladi, ginger so called, ii. [381n];
Spanish use of the word, ib.
Benares, brocades of, i. 66n
Bendocquedar, see [Bundúkdári], [Bíbars]
Benedict XII., Pope, ii. [179n]
Bengal (Bangala), 12,
king of Mien (Burma) and, ii. [98];
why Polo couples these, [99n];
relations between Burma and, [99n], [114];
claim asserted by king of Burma to, [100n];
alleged Mongol invasion of, [115n];
its distance from Caugigu, [120];
its currency, [123];
confused with Pegu by Polo, [128n], [131n]
Beni Búya dynasty, i. 91n
Benjamin of Tudela, on Alexander’s Rampart, i. 54n;
on the Gryphon, ii. [418n]
Benzoin, etymology of, ii. [286n], [396n]
Berard, Thos., Master of the Temple, i. 23, 24n
Berbera, Sea of, ii. [415n]
Berchet, G., 27, ii. [507n]
Bereké, Bátu Khan’s brother, i. 5n
Bernier, on Kashmir women’s beauty, i. 169n
Berrie, the Arabic Băríya, a desert, i. 237n
Bettelar, rendezvous of Pearl Fishers, ii. [331], [337n]
Beyamini, wild oxen of Tibet, ii. [50], [52n]
Bezant, i. 405, 424, 425, 426n, 427n, 444, ii. [41n], [186], [218n], [346n], [349n], [479];
value of, [592n]
Bhagavata, ii. [346n]
Bhamó, and River of, ii. [70n], [105n], [107n], [108n], [113n]
Bhartpúr, prophecy about, ii. [149n]
Bhattis, the, i. 104n
Bháwalpúr, i. 104n
“Bhim’s Baby,” colossal idol at Dhamnár caves, i. 221n
Bianco’s, Andrea, maps, i. 133n
Biar, ii. [305n]
Bibars Bundúkdári, see [Bundúkdári]
Bielo Osero, ii. [486n]
Bigoncio, a firkin, i. 384n
Bilúchis, i. 101n;
their robber raids, 106n;
Lumri or Numri, 114n
Binh Thuan (Champa), ii. [268n]
Binkin, ii. [230n]
Bintang (Pentam), ii. [280], [284]
Birch-bark vessels, i. 309n;
books, ii. [124], [127n]
Bír-dhúl, or Bujardawal, cap. of Ma’bar, ii. [335n]
Bird-hunts, i. 269, 272n
Birdwood, Sir G., ii. [396n], [446n], [449n]
Birhōrs of Chuta Nagpúr, ii. [298n]
Bir-Pandi, or Pira-Bandi, ii. [333n], [334n]
Birthday, celebration of Kúblái’s, i. 387
Bishbalik (Urumtsi), i. 214n, 440n
Bishop, of Male Island, ii. [404];
story of an Abyssinian, [428]
Bitter bread, i. 110, 122n
—— water, i. 110, 122n, 194
Blac, Blachia (Lac, Wallach), ii. [489n]
Black-bone, Chinese name for Lolos, ii. [63n]
Black Crane (Kará Togorü), i. 296, 297n
—— Saints, White Devils in India, ii. [355], [359n]
—— Sea, M. Maurum v. Nigrum, i. 2, 3n, 57n
—— Sect of Tibet, i. 324n
Blacker, the more beautiful, ii. [355]
Blaeuw, map, i. 102n
Blochmann, Professor H., i. 114n, ii. [116n]
Block-books, supposed to have been introduced from China, 139
Block-printing in Persia, i. 429n
Blood-sucking, Tartar, i. 261, 264n
Blous, bloies, i. 327n
Boar’s tusks, huge (Hipp.), ii. [413]
Boccassini, i. 62n
Bode, Baron de, i. 85n
Bodhisatva Avalok., ii. [265n]
Bodleian MS. of Polo, 18, 92, 94;
list of miniatures in, ii. [528n]
Boeach, mistake for Locac, and its supposed position, ii. [280n]
Boemond, Prince of Antioch and Tripoli, letter of Bibar to, i. 24n
Boga (Bukā), a great Mongol officer, delivers Arghún, ii. [471], [472], [474n]
Boghra Khan, i. 188n
Bohea country, ii. [222n], [224n]
Bohra, sect of W. India, i. 148n
Boikoff, Russian Envoy, i. 218n
Bokhara (Bocara), i. 9, 10
Boleyn, Anne, her use of buckram, i. 47n
Bolgana, Queen, see [Bulughán]
Bolgarskoye (called also Uspenskoye), i. 7n
Bolghar, borgal, borghal, Russia leather, i. 6n, 394, 395n
Bolghar (Bolgara), on the Volga, i. 4, 6n, ii. [481n], [486n], [493n];
ruins of, i. 7n;
court of, 384n
Bolivar, Padre, S. J., his account of the Condor (Rukh) of Africa, ii. [420n], [597n]
Bolor, i. 172, 178n, 179n
Bombay, ii. [396n], [449n]
Bonaparte, Prince Roland, Recueil des Documents de l’Époque Mongole, i. 14n, 28n
Bonga, ii. [96n]
Bonheur, Rosa, i. 277n
Boniface VIII., Pope, 44, 52, 54, i. 23n
Bonin, C. E., i. 203n, 249n, 276n, 282n, 286n
Bonocio di Mestro, 67
Bonpos, old Tibetan Sect, i. 314n, 321n, 323n
Bonús, ebony, ii. [268], [272n]
Bonvalot, i. 200n
Book of Marco Polo, its contents, 80;
original language, French, 81;
oldest Italian MS., 82;
“Geographic Text,” in rude French, 83 seqq.;
various types of Text—(1) “Geographic,” 90;
(2) Pauthier’s MSS., 92;
(3) Pipino s Latin, 95;
Preface to, ii. [525n];
Grynæus’ Latin, 95;
Müller’s reprint, 96;
(4) Ramusio’s Italian edition, its peculiarities, 96–101;
probable truth about it, 99;
bases of it, 100;
MS. and some of its peculiarities, 101;
general view of the relations of the texts, 101;
notice of an old Irish version, 102;
geographical data, 109;
how far influenced in form by Rustician, 112;
perhaps in description of battles, 113;
diffusion and number of MSS., 116;
basis of present version, 141 seqq.;
specimens of different recensions of text, ii. [522n–524n];
distribution of MSS., [526n];
miniatures in, [527n], [529n];
list of MSS., [532n–552n];
Tabular view of the filiation of chief MSS., [552];
Bibliography, [553n–582n];
titles of works cited, [582n–590n];
Spanish edition, [598n]
Bore in Hang-chau Estuary, ii. [208n]
Borgal, see [Bolghar]
Bormans, Stanislas, ii. [602n], [603n]
Born, Bertram de, 44
Borneo, camphor, see [Camphor]
—— tailed men of, ii. [302n]
Boro Bodor, Buddhist Monument, Java, 13, ii. [275n]
Borrak, Amir, Prince of Kerman (Kutlugh Sultan?), i. 91n
—— Khan of Chaghatai, see [Barac]
Borús, the, ii. [310n]
Bostam, i. 138n
Boswellia thurifera, ii. [396n], [446n], [448n];
serrata, [446n];
Carterii, [448n];
Bhauda-jiana, [448n];
papyrifera, [448n];
Frereana, [448n];
glabra, [396n]
Bouqueran, see [Buckram]
Bourne, F. S. A., ii. [60n], [131n]
Boxwood forests in Georgia, i. 50, 57n
Bozzí, i. 212n
Bra, the word, 45
Bracelets, in Anin, ii. [119]
Bragadino, Marco, husband of Marco Polo’s daughter, Fantina, 76
—— Pietro, 76
Brahmanical thread, ii. [363]
Brahmans (Abraiaman), fish-charmers to the pearl fishery, ii. [332], [337n];
their character and virtues, [363], [367n];
their king, [364];
their omens, [364], [368n], [369n];
longevity, [365];
Chughi, [365];
Palladian legend of, [405n]
Brahma’s temple, Hang-chau, ii. [212n], [213n]
Brahuis, i. 101n
Brakhimof, early capital of Bulgaria, i. 7n
Brambanan, ruins at, 13
Bran (Tibetan tsamba), parched barley, i. 303, 321n
Brazil wood, in Locac, ii. [276], [279n];
in Sumatra, [299];
manner of growth, ib., [309n];
in Ceylon, [313], [315n];
in Coilum (Coilumin), [375], [380n];
different kinds, ib.;
vicissitudes of the word, [380n];
its use prohibited by Painters’ Guild, [382n]
Bread, bitter, i. 110, 122n
Brephung monastery, i. 319n
Bretesche, i. 339n
Bretschneider, Dr. Emil (Medical Researches), ruins of Bolghar, i. 7n;
the Uíghúr character, 28n;
Caucasian Wall, 54n;
use of muslin in Samarkand, 62n;
on nakh and nachetti, 65n;
Hulákú’s expedition to West Asia, 66n, 85n, 146n, 148n;
an extract from the Yüan Si, 115n;
Badakhshan, 161n;
Kashgar, 183n;
Shachau, 206n;
Kamul, 211n;
Chingintalas, 214n;
the Stipa inebrians, 219n;
the Utikien Uigúrs, 227n;
Erdenidso Monastery, 228n;
Belasagun, 232n;
death of Chinghiz, 248n;
tung lo or kumiz, 259n;
Kúblái’s death, 334n;
Peking, 366n, 368n, 370n, 372n, 376n–378n, ii. [5n], [6n], [8n];
verniques, i. 384n;
clepsydra, 385n;
the Bularguchi, 408n;
Achmath’s biography, 421n;
paper-money, 430n;
post stations, 437n;
Chinese intoxicating drinks, 441n;
regulations for time of dearth, 444n;
Lu-Ku-K’iao Bridge, ii. [8n];
introduction of plants from Asia into China, [16n];
morus alba, [25n];
Tibet, [46n];
bamboo explosions, [46n];
the Si-fans, [60n];
Cara-jang and Chagan-jang, [73n];
Nasr-uddin, [104n];
the Alans, [180n];
rhubarb in Tangut, [183n];
Polo’s “large pears,” [210n];
on galangal, [229n];
on sugar, [230n];
on Zayton, [238n];
on wood-oil, [252n];
on ostrich, [437n];
on Si-la-ni, [316n];
on frankincense, [449n];
on Magyars, [492n];
on Mongol invasion of Poland and Silesia, [493n]
Brichu (Brius, the Upper Kiang), ii. [67n]
Bridges of Pulisanghin, ii. [3];
Sindafu (Ch’êngtu), [37];
Suchau, [181];
Kinsay, [185], [187], [194n], [201], [212];
Kien-ning fu, [225], [228n];
Fuchau, [233n], [234n];
Zayton, or Chinchau, [241n]
Brine-wells, see [Salt]
Brius River (Kin-sha Kiang, Gold River), ii. [36], [40n], [56], [67n]
Brown, G. G., ii. [35n]
—— Sir Thomas, ii. [420n], [424n];
on Polo, 115
Bruce’s Abyssinian Chronology, ii. [435n] seqq.
Brunetto Latini’s Book, Li Tresor, 88, 117
Brunhilda, ii. [466n]
Bruun, Professor Ph., of Odessa, i. 6n, 54n, 232n–235n
Bucephala, of Alexander, i. 105n
Bucephalus, breed of, i. 158, 162n
Buckrams, of Arzinga, i. 45;
described, 47n;
etymology, 48n;
at Mardin, 61, 62n;
in Tibet, ii. [45];
at Mutfili, [361], [363n];
Malabar, [389], [395], [398], [431]
Buddha, see [Sakya Muni]
Buddhism, Buddhists, see [Idolatry], [Idolaters]
Buddhist Decalogue, i. 170n
Buffaloes in Anin, ii. [119]
Buffet and vessels of Kúblái’s table, i. 382, 384n
Bugaei, ii. [432n]
Buka (Boga), a great Mongol chief, ii. [471], [472], [474n]
Buka Bosha, 1st Mongolian Governor of Bokhara, i. 10n
Búkú Khan, of the Hoei-Hu, or Uighúrs, i. 227n
Bularguji (Bularguchi), “The Keeper of Lost Property,” i. 403, 407n
Bulgaria, Great, ii. [286n]
Bulughán (Bolgana), Queen, 23, i. 32, 33n, 38n, ii. [474n]
—— another, ii. [475n]
Bundúkdár, Amír Aláuddín Aidekín (“The Arblasteer”), i. 24n
Bundúkdári, Malik Dáhir Ruknuddín Bíbars (Bendocquedar), Mameluke Sultan of Egypt, i. 22, 23n–25n, 145n, ii. [424n], [433n], [436n], [494n];
killed by kumiz, [259n]
Buraets, or Burgats, the, i. 258n, 283n
Búrkán Káldún, i. 247n
Burma (or Ava), King of, ii. [98], [99n].
(See also [Mien].)
Burnell, Arthur, ii. [335n], [359n], [386n]
Burning the Dead, see [Cremation]
—— heretical books, i. 321n
—— paper-money, etc., at funerals, i. 204, 208n, 267, 268n, ii. [191]
—— Widows in South India, ii. [341], [349n]
Burrough, Christopher, i. 9n
Burton, Captain R. F., ii. [597n]
Bushell, Dr. S. W., his visit to Shang-tu, i. 26n, 304n, 305n, 412n;
on the Khitan Scripts, 28n;
Tangut rulers, 205n;
orders for post-horses, 353n
Butchers, in Kashmir, i. 167;
Tibet, 170n;
S. India, ii. [342]
Butiflis (Mutfili), ii. [362n]
Butler, Hudibras, ii. [92n]
Buyid dynasty, i. 86n
Ca’ Polo, Ca’ Milion, Corte del Millioni, the house of the Polos at Venice, 4, 26 seqq., 53, 70, 77
Caaju, castle of, i. 244
Cabs, Peking, ii. [211n]
Cacanfu (Hokiang-fu), ii. [127], [132]
Cachanfu (P’uchau-fu, Ho-chung-fu), ii. [22], [25n]
Cachar Modun, i. 404, 408n
Cachilpatnam, ii. [387n]
Cadmia, i. 126n
Caesalpinia, ii. [380n];
and see [Brazil]
Caesarea of Cappadocia (Casaria, Kaisaríya), i. 43, 44n
Caichu, castle of (Kiai-chau, or Hiai-chau?), ii. [17], [19n], [26n]
Caidu, see [Kaidu]
Caiju, on the Hwang-Ho, ii. [142]
—— on the Kiang, Kwachau, ii. [171], [174]
Cail (Káyal), ii. [370], [372n–373n];
a great port of Commerce, [370], [373n];
the king, ib.;
identified, [372];
meaning of name, ib.;
remains of, ib.
Caindu (K’ien-ch’ang), a region of Eastern Tibet, ii. [53], [70n]
Caingan (Ciangan, Kiahing), ii. [184n], [185n]
Cairo, ii. [439n];
museum at, [424n];
ventilators at, [452n].
(See [Babylon].)
Caiton, see [Zayton]
Cala Ataperistan (Kala’ Atishparastán), “Castle of the Fire Worshippers,” i. 78
Calachan (Kalaján), i. 281, 282n
Calaiate, Calatu, see [Kalhát]
Calamanz, the word, ii. [272n]
Calamina, city, ii. [357n]
Caldwell, Rev. Dr. R., on devil-dancing among the Shanars, ii. [97n];
on name of Ceylon, [314n];
on Shahr-Mandi and Sundara Pandi, [333n];
on the Tower at Negapatam, [336n];
etymology of Chilaw, [337n];
on Pacauta, [346n];
Govis, [349n];
singular custom of arrest, [350n–351n];
rainy season, [351n];
food of horses, ib.;
Shanar devil-images, [359n];
choiach, [368n];
Cail, or Kayál city, [372n], [373n];
Kolkhoi, [373n];
King Ashar of Cail, ib.;
Kollam [377n];
Pinati, [380n];
etymology of Sapong, ib.;
Cape Comorin, [383n]
Calendar, Ecclesiastical Buddhist, i. 220, 222n;
the Tartar, [447], 448n;
of Brahmans, ii. [368n–369n];
of Documents relating to Marco Polo and his family, [505n] seqq.
Calicut, ii. [380n], [381n], [388n], [391n], [440n];
King of, and his costume, [346n]
Calif, see [Khalif]
Caligine, Calizene (Khalíj, a canal from Nile), ii. [439n]
Camadi (City of Dakiánús), ruined, i. 97, 113n
Cambaluc (Khanbaligh, or Peking), capital of Cathay, 12, i. 38n, ii. [3], [132], [213n], [320];
Kúblái’s return thither after defeating Nayan, i. 348;
the palace, 362;
the city, 374;
its size, walls, gates, and streets, the Bell Tower, etc., 375n–378n;
period of khan’s stay there, 411;
its suburbs and hostelries, 412;
cemeteries, women, patrols, 414;
its traffic, 415;
the Emperor’s Mint, 423;
palace of the Twelve Barons, 431;
roads radiating from, 433;
astrologers of, 446
Cambay (Cambaet, Cambeth, Kunbáyat), kingdom of, ii. [394n], [397], [398n], [403n], [426n], [440n], [443n]
Cambuscan, of Chaucer, corruption of Chinghiz, i. 247n
Camel-bird, see [Ostrich]
Camels, mange treated with oil, i. 46;
camlets from wool of, 281, 284;
white, 281, 283n;
incensing, 309n;
alleged to be eaten in Madagascar, ii. [411];
really eaten in Magadoxo, [413n];
ridden in war, [423], [425n]
Camexu, Kamichu, see [Campichu]
Camlets (cammellotti), i. 281, 283n, 284
Camoens, ii. [266n]
Camphor (Laurus Camphora) trees in Fo-kien, ii. [234], [237n]
—— of Sumatra, ii. [287n];
Fansuri, [299], [302n];
earliest mention of, [302n];
superstitions regarding, [303n];
description of the tree, Dryabalanops Camphora, [303n–304n];
value attached by Chinese to, [304n];
recent prices of, ib.;
its use with betel, [371], [374n]
—— oil, ii. [304n]
Campichu (Kanchau), city of, i. 219, 220n
Camul (Kamul), province, i. 209, 211n, 214n
Camut, fine shagreen leather, i. 394, 395n
Canal, Grand, of China, ii. [132], [139], [140], [141n], [143n], [152n], [154n], [209n], [222n];
construction of, [174], [175n]
Canale, Cristoforo, MS. by, 34, 37
—— Martino da, French Chronicle of Venice by, 88
Cananor, kingdom, ii. [388n]
Cananore, ii. [386n], [387n]
Canara, ii. [390n], [397n]
Cancamum, ii. [397n]
Canela brava, ii. [390n]
Canes, Polo’s name for bamboos, q.v.
Cannibalism, ii. [293], [294], [298n], [311n], [312n];
ascribed to Tibetans, Kashmiris, etc., i. 301, 312n, 313n;
to Hill-people in Fo-kien, ii. [225], [228n];
to islanders in Seas of China and India, [264];
in Sumatra, [284], [288n];
regulations of the Battas, [288n];
ascribed to Andaman islanders, [309], [311n]
Cannibals, i.e. Caribs, ii. [311n], [405n]
Canonical Hours, ii. [368–369n]
Cansay, see [Kinsay]
Canton, 3, ii. [199n], [237n]
Cape Comorin, see [Comari, Temple at], 76
—— Corrientes (of Currents), ii. [415n], [417n], [426n]
—— Delgado, ii. [424n]
—— of Good Hope, ii. [417n]
Capidoglio (Capdoille), sperm-whale, ii. [414n]
Cappadocian horses, i. 44n
Capus, G., i. 129n 162n
Caracoron (Kará Korum), i. 66n, 226, 227n, 269, ii. [460], [462n]
Carajan (Caraian, Karájang, or Yun-nan), province, 21, ii. [64], [66], [67n], [72n], [76], [86]
Caramoran River (Hwang-Ho), ii. [142], [143n], [144n], [151]
Carans, or Scarans, i. 100n
Caraonas (Karaunahs), a robber tribe, i. 98, 101n, 121n
Carats, i. 359n
Carbine, etymology of, i. 101n
Cardinal’s Wit, i. 21n
Caribs, i.e. cannibals, ii. [311n], [405n]
Carpets, of Turcomania (Turkey), i. 43, 44n;
Persian, 66n;
Kerman, 96n
Carriages, at Kinsay, ii. [205], [206];
Chinese, [211n]
Carrion, shot from engines, ii. [163n]
Carta Catalana, Catalan Map of 1375, 134, i. 57n, 59n, 82n, 161n, ii. [221n], [243n], [286n], [362n], [386], [396n], [494n]
Carte, à la, ii. [486n]
Carts, Mongol, i. 254n
Casan, see [Gházán Khan]
Casaria (Caesarea of Cappadocia), i. 43, 44n
Cascar (Kashgar), i. 180, 182n;
Chaukans of, 193n
Casem, see [Kishm]
Caspian Sea (Sea of Ghel or Ghelan), ancient error about, 2, 129;
its numerous names, i. 52, 58n, 59n, ii. [494n]
Cassay, see [Kinsay]
Cassia, ii. [59n], [60n], [390n], [391n]
—— buds, ii. [59n], [391n]
—— fistula, ii. [398n]
Castaldi, Panfilo, his alleged invention of movable types, 139–140
Castambol, i. 45n
Castelli, P. Cristoforo di, i. 52n, 53n
Casvin (Kazvín), a kingdom of Persia, i. 83, 84n, 101n, 141n
Catalan Navy, 38–39
Cathay (Northern China), 3;
origin of name, 11, 15, i. 60, 76n, 285, 414, 418, 441, ii. [10], [127], [132], [135], [139], [140], [192], [391n], [457];
coal in, i. 442;
idols, ii. [263];
Cambaluc, the capital of, see [Cambaluc]
Cathayans, v. Ahmad, i. 415 et seqq.;
their wine, 441;
astrologers, 446;
religion, 456;
politeness, filial duty, gaol deliveries, gambling, 457
Catholics, ii. [407];
Catholicos, of Sis, i. 42n;
of the Nestorians, 61n, 62n
Cators (chakors), great partridges, i. 296, 297n
Cat’s Head Tablet, i. 356n
Cats in China, ii. [350n]
Caucasian Wall, i. 53n, 54n
Caugigu, province, ii. [116], [120], [123], [128n], [131n]
Caulking, of Chinese ships, ii. [250], [251n]
Cauly, Kauli (Corea), i. 343, 345n
Causeway, south of the Yellow River, ii. [153n]
Cauterising children’s heads, ii. [432n]
Cave-houses, i. 154, 156n, ii. [150n]
Cavo de Eli, ii. [386n]
—— de Diab, ii. [417n]
Cayu (Kao-yu), ii. [152]
Celtic Church, ii. [370n]
Census, of houses in Kinsay, ii. [192];
tickets, ib.
Ceremonial of Mongol Court, see [Etiquette]
Ceylon (Seilan), ii. [312–314];
circuit of, [310n];
etymology of, [314n];
customs of natives, [315];
mountain of Adam’s (alias Sagamoni Borcan’s) Sepulchre, [316], [321n];
history of Buddha, [317];
origin of idolatry, [318] seqq.;
subject to China, [392n]
Ceylon, King of, his pearl-ponds, ii. [337n]
Chachan (Charchan, Charchand), i. 192n, 194, 195n, 196n
Chagatai (Sigatay), Kúblái’s uncle, son of Chinghiz, 10, i. 10n, 14n, 98, 102n, 183, 186n, ii. [457], [458n], [459]
Chaghán-Jáng, ii. [72n], [73n]
Chaghan-Kuren, ii. [23n]
Chaghan-Nor (“White Lake”), N.E. of Kamul, i. 214n
—— (Chaghan, or Tsaghan Balghasun), site of Kúblái’s palace, i. 296, 297n, 306n, 422n, ii. [14n]
Chairs, silver, i. 351, 355n
Chakor (cator), great partridges, i. 296, 297n
Chalcedony and jasper, i. 191, 193n
Chalukya Malla kings, ii. [336n]
Champa (Chamba), kingdom of, ii. [266], [268n], [424], [426n], [596n];
Kúblái’s expedition v., [267];
the king and his wives, [268], [271n];
products, [268], [271n–272n];
locality, [269–270n];
invaded by king of Lukyn, [279n]
Chandra Banu, ii. [315n]
Chandu (Shangtu), city of peace of Kúblái, i. 25, 298, 304n, 410–411, 435
Changan, ii. [182], [184n]
Chang-chau (Chinginju), ii. [178], [179n]
—— in Fo-kien, ii. [233n], [238n];
Zayton(?), [238n];
Christian remains at, [240n–241n]
Ch’ang Ch’un, travels, i. 62n
Changgan (Chang-ngan), ii. [27–29n]
Chang-kia-Kau, the gate in the Great Wall, i. 56n
Chang K’ien, ii. [16n]
Chang-shan (Changshan), ii. [198n], [199n], [219], [221n], [222n], [224n]
Ch’ang Te (the Chinese traveller), Si Shi Ki, i. 64n, 66n
Chang Te-hui, a Chinese teacher, i. 309n
Chang-y (Chenchu), i. 417–419, 422n
Chang Yao, Chinese general, i. 211n
Cháo de Bux (Cavo di Bussi), boxwood, i. 57n
Chaohien, Sung Prince, ii. [150n]
Cháo-Khánahs, bank-note offices in Persia, i. 429n
Cháo Naiman Sumé Khotan, or Shangtu, “city of the 108 temples,” i. 304n
Cháo, paper-money, i. 426n, 429n
Cháo, title of Siamese and Shan Princes, ii. [73n]
Chaotong, ii. [130n]
Chapu, ii. [199n]
Characters, written, four acquired by Marco Polo, i. 27;
one in Manzi, but divers spoken dialects, ii. [236]
Charchan (Chachan of Johnson, Charchand), i. 192n, 194, 195n, 196n
Charcoal, store in Peking, palace garden of, i. 370n
Charities, Kúblái’s, i. 439, 443, 444;
Buddhistic and Chinese, 446n;
at Kinsay, ii. [188], [198n]
Charles VIII., of France, i. 398n
Chau dynasty, i. 347n
Chaucer, quoted, i. 3n, 5n, 17n, 161n, 247n, 386n, ii. [11n]
Chaukans, temporary wives at Kashgar, i. 193
Chaul, ii. [367n]
Cheapness in China, ii. [202]
Cheetas, or hunting leopards, i. 397, 398n
Cheh-kiang, cremation common during Sung dynasty in, ii. [135n];
roads into Fo-kien from, [224n]
Cheinan, Gulf of, ii. [266]
Chenchau, or Iching hien, ii. [173n], [174n]
Chenching (Cochin-China), ii. [268n–269n], [277n]
Chenchu (Chang-y), conspires with Vanchu v. Ahmad, i. 417–419, 422n
Ch’eng-ting fu, ii. [13], [14n]
Ch’êng-Tsu (Yung-lo), Emperor, ii. [392n]
Ch’êng-tu (Sze-ch’wan), ii. [32n], [34n], [35n]
Ch’êngtu-fu (Sindafu), ii. [36], [37n]
Cheu, the Seven, ii. [277n]
Chibai and Chiban, ii. [459], [462n]
Chichiklik Pass, i. 172n, 175n
Chien-ch’ang (Caindu), ii. [70n].
(See [K’ien-ch’ang].)
Chihli, plain of, ii. [14n]
Chilaw, ii. [337n]
Chiliánwála, battlefield of, i. 105n
Chilu-ku, last Karakhitai king, ii. [20n]
Chin, Sea of, ii. [264], [265], [266n], [270n]
China, 134;
Imperial Maritime Customs Returns for 1900, ii. [173n];
Dominicans in, [240n];
paved roads in, [189], [198n];
relations with Korea and Japan, [262n];
the name, [265n];
king of Malacca at Court of, [282n];
trade from Arabia to, [348n];
from Sofala in Africa, [400n].
(See also [Cathay] and [Manzi].)
Chinangli (T’sinan-fu), ii. [133], [135], [137n]
Chínár, Oriental planes, i. 128n, 138n
Chinchau, Chincheo, Chinchew, Chwanchew, Tswanchau, see [Zayton]
Chinese, Polo ignorant of the languages, 110, i. 29n;
epigrams, 170n;
funeral and mourning customs, 207n, ii. [191];
feeling towards Kúblái, i. 421n;
religion and irreligion, 456, 458n;
their politeness and filial piety, 457, 462n;
gambling, 457;
character for integrity, ii. [204], [210n];
written character and varieties of dialect, [236];
ships, [249] seqq.;
pagodas at Negapatam and elsewhere, [336n];
coins found in Southern India, [337n];
pottery, [372n–373n];
trade and intercourse with Southern India, [373n], [378n], [386], [390], [392n]
Chinghian-fu (Chinkiang-fu), ii. [175], [176], [177n]
Chinghiz Khan, 10, 11, i. 5n, 10n, 12n, ii. [458n], [479], [481n];
reported to be a Christian, i. 14n;
Aung Khan’s saying of, 27n;
his use of Uíghúr character, 28n;
Erzrum taken by, 49n;
harries Balkh, 151n;
captures Talikan, 154n;
ravages Badakhshan, 163n;
his respect for Christians, 186n, 242n, 243n;
subjugates Kutchluk Khân, 189n;
his campaigns in Tangut, 206n, 218n, 225n, 281n;
Rubruquis’ account of, 237n, 239n;
made king of the Tartars, 238;
his system of conquests, 238;
and Prester John, 239–241;
divining by twigs—presage of victory, 241;
defeats and slays Prester John, 244;
his death and burial-place, 244, 245n, 249n;
his aim at conquest of the world, 245n;
his funeral, 250n;
his army, 262, 265n;
defeats the Merkits, 270n;
relations between Prester John’s and his families, 284, 288n;
the Horiad tribe, 300, 308n;
his prophecy about Kúblái, 331n;
rewards his captains, 351n;
captures Peking, ii. [8n];
defeats and slays Taiyang Khan, [20n];
his alleged invasion of Tibet, [46n];
his mechanical artillery, [168n];
his cruelty, [181n];
Table of Genealogy of his House, [505n]
Chinghiz Tora, ii. [481n]
Ching-hoang tower at Hangchau-fu, ii. [214n]
Chinginju (Chang-chau), ii. [178]
Chingintalas, province, i. 212;
its identification, 214n, 215n
Chingkim, Chinkin, Chimkin, Kúblái’s favourite son and heir-apparent, i. 38n, 359, 360n, 418, 422n;
his palace, 366, 372n
Chingsang, Ching-siang (Chinisan), title of a Chief Minister of State, i. 432n, ii. [145], [148n], [150n], [218n]
Chingting-fu (Acbaluc), ii. [13], [14n]
Chingtsu, or Yung-lo, Emperor, ii. [392n]
Chíní, coarse sugar, ii. [230n]
Chinju (Tinju), ii. [153], [154n]
Chin-tan, or Chínasthána, Chinese etymology of, ii. [119n]
Chinuchi, Cunichi, Kúblái’s Masters of the Hounds, i. 400, 401n
Chipangu (Japan), ii. [253], [256n];
account of Kúblái’s expedition v., [255], [258];
its disasters, [255–256];
history of expedition, [260n] seqq.;
relations with China and Korea, [262n]
Chitral, i. 154n, 160n, 165n, 166n
Chloroxylon Dupada, ii. [397n]
Cho-chau (Juju), ii. [10], [11n], [131n]
Choiach, the term, ii. [364], [368n]
Chola, or Sola-desam (Soli, Tanjore), ii. [335n], [336n], [364], [368n]
Chonka (Fo-kien), kingdom of, ii. [231], [232n], [236];
explanation of name, [232n]
Chonkwé, ii. [232n]
Chorcha, see [Churchin]
Christian, astrologers, i. 241, 446;
churches in China, early, ii. [27n];
inscription of Singanfu, [28n];
Alans in the Mongol service, ii. [178], [179n]
Christianity, attributed to Chinghizide princes, i. 14n, ii. [476], [477n];
Kúblái’s views on, i. 344n
—— former, of Socotra, ii. [410n]
Christians, of the Greek rite, Georgians, i. 50;
and Russians, ii. [486];
Jacobite and Nestorian, at Mosul, i. 46, 60, 61n;
among the Kurds, 60, 62n;
and the Khalif of Baghdad—the miracle of the mountain and the one-eyed cobbler, 68–73;
Kashgar, 182, 183n;
in Samarkand, 183, 186n;
the miracle of the stone removed, 185;
Yarkand, 187;
Tangut, 203, 207n;
Chingintalas, 212;
Suh-chau, 217;
Kan-chau, 219;
in Chinghiz’s camp, 241;
Erguiul and Sinju, 274;
Egrigaia, 281;
Tenduc, 285;
Nayan and the Khan’s decision, 339, 344;
at Kúblái’s Court, 388;
in Yun-nan, ii. [66], [74n];
Cacanfu, [132];
Yang-chau, [154n];
churches at Chin-kiang fu, [177];
at Kinsay, [192];
St. Thomas’, [353–354];
Coilum, [375];
Male and Female Islands, [404];
Socotra, [406];
Abyssinia and fire baptism, [427], [432n];
of the Girdle, [432n];
in Lac (Wallachia), [487]
Chrocho, the Rukh (q.v.), ii. [415n] seqq.
Chronology and chronological data discussed, first journey of the Polos, i. 3n;
war between Barka and Hulákú, 8n;
Polos’ stay at Bokhara, 10n;
their departure and their second journey from Acre, 23n;
their return voyage and arrival in Persia, 38n;
story of Nigudar, 103n;
Hormuz princes, 120n;
destruction of Ismailites, 146n;
history of Chinghiz, 239n, 242n, 247n;
Kúblái’s birth and accession, 334n;
Nayan’ rebellion, 334n, 346n;
Polo’s visit to Yun-nan, ii. [81n];
battle with the king of Mien, [104n];
wars between China and Burma, [104n–106n], [111n], [114n];
value of Indo-Chinese, [106n];
conquest of S. China, [148n], [149n];
capture of Siang-yang, [167n];
Kúblái’s dealings with Japan, [260n–261n];
with Champa, [270n];
Marco’s visit to Japan, [271n];
Kúblái’s Java expedition, [275n];
review of the Malay, [282n];
events in Ma’bar, [333n];
King Gondophares, [357n];
cessation of Chinese navigation to India, [391n];
Abyssinia, [434n] seqq.;
Kaidu’s wars, [462n], [467n];
Mongol revolutions in Persia, notes from, [470n–475n];
wars of Toktai and Noghai, [497].
(See also [Dates].)
Chrysostom, i. 81n
Chuchu, in Kiang-si, ii. [224n], [229n]
Chughis, see [Jogis]
Chung-Kiang, ii. [40n]
Chungkwé, “Middle Kingdom,” ii. [232n]
Chung-tu, or Yen-King (Peking, see [Cambaluc])
Ch’ura, i. 265n
Churches, Christian, in Kashgar, i. 182;
Samarkand, 185;
Egrigaia, 281;
Tenduc, 287n;
early, in China, ii. [27n];
Yang-chau, [154n];
Chin-kiang fu, [177];
Kinsay, [192];
Zayton, [238n], [240n];
St. Thomas’s, [354–355], [356n];
Coilum, [377n];
Socotra, [409n–410n]
Churchin, or Niuché, Churché, Chorcha (the Manchu Country), i. 231n, 343, 344n
Cielstan, Suolstan (Shúlistán), i. 83, 85n
Cinnamon, Tibet, ii. [49], [52n];
Caindu, [56], [59n];
Ceylon, [315n];
story in Herodotus of, [363n];
Malabar, [389], [390n]
Circumcision of Socotrans, ii. [409n];
forcible, of a bishop, [429];
of Abyssinians, [432n]
Cirophanes, or Syrophenes, story of, ii. [328n]
Civet, of Sumatra, ii. [295n]
Clement IV., Pope, i. 17, 18n, 21n
Clepsydra, i. 378n, 385n, ii. [214]
Cloves, ii. [272], [306];
in Caindu, [56], [59n]
Coal (Polo’s blackstone), i. 442;
in Scotland in Middle Ages, 443n;
in Kinsay, ii. [216]
Cobbler, the one-eyed, and the miracle of the mountain, i. 70
Cobinan (Koh-Banán), i. 125
Cocachin (Kúkáchin), the Lady, 23–24, i. 32, 33n, 36, 38n
Cochin-China, the mediæval Champa (q.v.)
Coco-nut (Indian nut), i. 108, ii. [293], [306], [308n], [309n], [354], [389]
Coco Islands, of Hiuen T’sang, ii. [307n]
Cocos Islands, ii. [309n]
Cœur de Lion, his mangonels, ii. [165n], [166n]
Coffins, Chinese, in Tangut, i. 205, 209n
Cogachin (Hukaji), Kúblái’s son, King of Carajan, i. 361n, ii. [76]
Cogatai, i. 419
Cogatal, a Tartar envoy to the Pope, i. 13, 15
Coiganju (Hwaingan-fu), ii. [142], [148], [151]
Coilum (Kollam, Kaulam, Quilon), kingdom of, ii. [375], [382n], [403n], [413n], [426n], [440n];
identity of meaning of name, [377n];
Church of St. George at, [377n];
modern state of, [377n];
Kúblái’s intercourse with, [378n]
Coilumin, columbino, colomní, so-called Brazil-wood, ii. [375];
ginger, [375], [381n]
Coins of Cilician Armenia, i. 42n;
of Mosul, 61n;
Agathocles and Pantaleon, 163n;
Seljukian with Lion and Sun, 352n;
found at Siang-Yang, ii. [169n];
King Gondophares, [357n];
Tartar heathen princes with Mahomedan and Christian formulæ, [477n]
Coja (Koja), Tartar envoy from Persia to the Khan, i. 32–33n, 38n
Cold, intense, in Kerman, i. 91, 111n, 113n;
in Russia, ii. [487]
“Cold Mountains,” i. 114n
Coleridge, verses on Kúblái’s Paradise, i. 305n
Coloman, province, ii. [122], [128n–131n]
Colombino, see [Coilumin]
Colon, see [Coilum]
Colossal Buddhas, recumbent, i. 219, 221n
Columbum, see [Coilum]
Columbus, Polo paralleled with, 3;
remarks on, 105–106
Comania, Comanians, i. 50, ii. [382], [383n], [490], [491n]
Comari, Comori (Cape Comorin, Travancore), ii. [333n], [382], [384], [385], [403n], [426n];
temple at, [383n]
Combermere, Lord, prophecy applied to, ii. [149n]
Comercque, Khan’s custom-house, ii. [37], [41n]
Compartments, in hulls of ships, ii. [249], [251n]
Compass, Mariner’s, 138
Competitive Examinations in beauty, i. 359n
Conchi, King of the North, ii. [479]
Concubines, how the Khan selects, i. 357
Condor, its habits, ii. [417n];
Temple’s account of, [417n];
Padre Bolivar’s of the African, [420n]
Condur and Sondur, ii. [276], [277n]
Condux, sable or beaver, i. 410n
Conia, Coyne (Iconium), i. 43
Conjeveram, ii. [334n]
Conjurers, the Kashmirian, i. 166, 168n;
weather-, 98, 105n, 166, 168n, 301, [309n–311n];
Lamas’ ex-feats, [315n–318n].
(See also [Sorcerers].)
Conosalmi (Kamasal), i. 99, 106n
Constantinople, i. 2, 19n, 36, ii. [165n], [487];
Straits of, [488], [490]
Convents, see [Monasteries]
Cookery, Tartar horse-, i. 264n
Cooper, T. T., traveller on Tibetan frontier, ii. [45n], [48n], [52n], [59n], [67n]
Copper, token currency of Mahomed Tughlak, i. 429n;
imported to Malabar, ii. [390];
to Cambay, [398]
Coral, valued in Kashmir, Tibet, etc., i. 167, 170n, ii. [49], [52n]
Corea (Kauli), i. 343, 345n
Corn, Emperor’s store and distribution of, i. 443
Coromandel (Maabar), see [Mabar]
Corsairs, see [Pirates]
Corte del Milione, see [Ca’ Polo]
—— Sabbionera at Venice, 27 seqq.
Cosmography, mediæval, 130
Costus, ii. [397n]
Cotan, see [Khotan]
Cotton, stuffs of, i. 44n, 45, 47n, 48n, 60, ii. [225], [228n], [361], [363n], [395], [398], [431];
at Merdin, i. 60;
in Persia, 84;
at Kashgar, 181;
Yarkand, 187;
Khotan, 188, 190n;
Pein, 191;
Bengal, ii. [115];
bushes of gigantic size, [393], [394n]
Counts in Vokhan, i. 171, 173n;
at Dofar, ii. [444]
Courts of Justice, at Kinsay, ii. [203]
Couvade, custom of, ii. [85], [91n–95n], [596n]
Cow-dung, its use in Maabar, ii. [341], [365]
Cowell, Professor, i. 105n
Cowries (porcelain shells, pig shells), used for money, etc., ii. [66], [74n], [76], [123];
procured from Locac, [276], [279n]
Cralantur, its meaning(?), i. 71n
Cramoisy (quermesis), i. 44n, 63, 65n
Cranes, five kinds of, i. 296, 297n
Crawford, John, ii. [277n]
Cremation, i. 204, 208n, ii. [122], [132], [134n], [135], [140], [141], [151], [152], [191], [218], [221n];
in Middle Ages, ii. [133n]
Cremesor, Hot Region (Garmsir), i. 75, 99n, 112n, 114n
Çrībhôja (Çribhôdja), country, ii. [283n]
Crocodiles, see [Alligators]
Cross, legend of the Tree of the, i. 135;
gibes against, on Nayan’s defeat, 343;
on monument at Singanfu, ii. [27n]
Crossbows, ii. [78], [82n], [161n]
Cruelties, Tartar, i. 151n, 265n, 266n, ii. [180n]
Crusca MS. of Polo, 82, i. 18n, 38n, 85n, 297n, 358n, 384n, ii. [34n], [72n]
Cubeb pepper, ii. [272], [391n]
Cubits, astronomical altitude estimated by, ii. [382], [389], [392]
Cublay, see [Kúblái]
Cucintana, ii. [396n]
Cudgel, Tartars’ use of, i. 266, 267n, 414
Cuiju (Kwei-chau), province, ii. [124], [127n]
Cuinet, Vital, on Turkman villages, i. 44n;
on Mosul Kurds, 62n
Cuirbouly, i. 260, 263n, ii. [78], [82n]
Cuju, ii. [219], [221n], [224n]
Cuncun (Han-Chung) province, ii. [31], [32n]
Cunningham, General A., i. 12n, 104, 156n, 173n, 178n, 283n, 290n, ii. [357n]
Cups, flying, i. 301, 314n, 349n
Curds and Curdistan, i. 9n, 60, 62n, 83n, 84n, 85n, 102n, 143n, 145n
Currency, copper token, in India, i. 429n;
salt, ii. [45], [54], [57n];
leather, i. 429n;
Cowrie, see [Cowries]
Currency, paper, in China, i. 423, 426n;
attempt to institute in Persia, 428n;
alluded to, ii. [124], [127], [132], [135], [138], [140], [141], [152], [154], [170], [174], [176], [178], [181], [187], [218]
Current, strong south along East Coast of Africa, ii. [412], [415n]
Currents, Cape of, or Corrientes, ii. [415n], [417n], [426n]
Curtains, Persian, i. 66n
Curzola Island, Genoese victory at, 6, 45 seqq.;
Polo’s galley at, 49;
map of, 50
Curzon, Lord, i. 64n, 84n, 86n, 128n;
list of Pamirs, ii. [594n]
—— Hon. R., on invention of printing, 138, 139
Customs, Custom-houses, ii. [37], [41n], [170], [204], [215], [216]
Cutch pirates, ii. [410n]
Cuxstac, Kuhestec, i. 110n
Cuy Khan (Kuyuk), i. 14n, 245, 247n
Cycle, Chinese, i. 447, 454n
Cynocephali, the, ii. [228n], [309], [311n]
Cypresses, sacred, of the Magians, i. 131n
Cyprus, i. 65n
Cyrus, his use of camels in battle near Sardis, ii. [104n]
Dabul, ii. [443n]
Dadian, title of Georgian kings, i. 53n
Da Gama, ii. [386n], [391n]
Dagroian, kingdom of, in Sumatra, ii. [293];
probable position of, [297n]
Dailiu (Tali), ii. [81n]
Daïtu, Taidu, Tatu (Peking), Kúblái’s new city of Cambaluc, i. 305n, 306n, 374, 375n
Dakiánús, city of (Camadi), i. 113n
Dalada, tooth relique of Buddha, ii. [329n–330n]
Dalai Lama, with four hands, ii. [265n]
D’Alboquerque, ii. [281n], [382n], [409n], [451n]
Dalivar, Dilivar, Diláwar (Lahore), a province of India, i. 99, 104n, 105n
Dalmian, ii. [297n]
Damas, i. 65n
Damascus, i. 23n, 143;
siege of, ii. [166n]
Damasks, with cheetas in them, i. 398n;
with giraffes, ii. [424n].
(See also [Patterns].)
Damghan, i. 138n, 148n
Dancing dervishes, ii. [97n]
Dancing girls, in Hindu temples, ii. [345], [351n]
Dandolo, Andrea, Admiral of Venetian fleet at Curzola, 6, 46;
his captivity and suicide, 48;
funeral at Venice, 50
D’Anghieria, Pietro Martire, 36, 120
Dantapura, ii. [329n]
Dante, number of MSS., 117;
does not allude to Polo, 118;
Convito, i. 14n
D’Anville’s Map, i. 25n, 88n, 155n, 224n, 228n, 297n, 408n, ii. [69n], [72n], [141n]
Darábjird, i. 86n
Darah, ii. [436n]
Dárápúr, i. 104n, 105n
Dardas, stuff embroidered in gold, i. 65n
Dariel, Pass of (Gate of the Alans), i. 53n, 54n
Darius, i. 128, 138n, 151, 157;
the Golden King, ii. [17]
Dark Ocean of the South, ii. [417n]
Darkness, magical, i. 98, 105n, 166
—— land of, ii. [484], [485n];
how the Tartars find their way out, [484];
the people and their peltry, [484];
Alexander’s legendary entrance into, [485];
Dumb trade of, [486n]
Darráj, black partridge, its peculiar call, i. 99n
Darúná, salt mines, i. 154n
Darwáz, i. 160n
Dasht, or Plain, of Bahárak, i. 156n
Dashtáb, hot springs, i. 122n
Dasht-i-Lut (Desert of Lút), i. 124n, 127, 128n
Dashtistan tribe and district, i. 86n
Dates (chronology) in Polo’s book, generally erroneous, i. 2, 17, 36, 63, 145, 238, 332, ii. [98], [114], [145], [177], [259], [267], [268], [319], [354], [428], [459], [464], [474], [494]
—— (trees or fruit), Basra, [63], [65n];
Báfk, [88], [89n];
Reobarles, province, [97], [111n];
Formosa Plain, [107];
Hormos, [109], [116n];
wine of, [107], [115n];
diet of fish, etc., [107], [116n], ii. [450]
Daughters of Marco Polo, 69, 71, 73, 76, ii. [506n]
D’Avezac, M., i. 23n, 48n, 66n, 231n, 271n
David, king of Abyssinia, ii. [435n], [436n]
David, king of Georgia (Dawith), i. 50, 53n
Davids, Professor T. W. Rhys, Buddhist Birth Stories, ii. [326n]
Davis, Sir John F., ii. [139n], [142n], [152n], [173n], [175n], [176n], [182n]
Dawaro, ii. [435n], [436n]
Daya, ii. [300n], [305n]
Dead, disposal of the, in Tangut, i. 205, 209n;
at Cambaluc, 414;
in Coloman, ii. [122];
in China, [133n];
in Dagroian, [293];
by the Battas, [298n]
—— burning of the, see [Cremation];
eating the, see [Cannibalism]
De Barros, ii. [239n], [283n], [287n], [300n], [410n];
on Java, [274n];
Singhapura, [281n];
Janifs, [286n]
Debt, singular arrest for, ii. [343], [350n]
Decima, or Tithe on bequest, 71
Decimal organisation of Tartar armies, i. 261, 264n
Decius, Emperor, i. 113n
Degháns, Dehgáns, i. 152n
Dehánah, village, i. 152n
Deh Bakri, i. 111n, 112n
De la Croix, Pétis, i. 9n, 155n, 183n, 239n, 243n, 281n, 410n
Delhi, Sultans of, 12, ii, [426n]
D’Ely, Mount, see [Eli]
Demoiselle Crane, anthropoides virgo, i. 297n
Deogir, ii. [426n]
Derbend, Wall of, i. 53n, ii. [495].
(See also [Iron Gate of].)
Deserts, haunted, i. 197, 201n, 274
Deserts of Kerman or of Lút, i. 123, 124n;
of Khorasan, 149;
of Charchan, 194;
Lop (Gobi), 196, 197, 198n–203n, 210, 212, 214n, 223;
Karakorum, 224, 226, 237n
Desgodins, Abbé, ii. [57n]
Despina Khatun, ii. [477n]
Devadási, ii. [351n]
Devapattan, ii. [400n]
Devéria, G., i. 29n, 225n, 291n, ii. [60n], [63n], [70n], [89n], [108n], [122n], [124n]
Devil-dancing, i. 315n, ii. [86], [97n]
Devil trees, i. 136n
Devils, White, ii. [355], [359n]
D’Evreux, Father Yves, ii. [94n]
Dhafar (Dofar, Thafar), ii. [340], [348n], [444];
its incense, [445];
two places of the name, [445n–446n]
Dhárani, mystic charms, i. 315
Dhúlkarnain (Alex.), see [Zulkarnain]
Dialects, Chinese, ii. [236], [243n–244n]
Diamonds in India, how found, ii. [360–361];
mines of, [362n];
diffusion of legend about, ib.
“Diex Terrien,” i. 141n
Diláwar, Polo’s Dihar, i. 104n
Dimitri II., Thawdadebuli, king of Georgia, i. 53n
Dínár, see [Bezant]
Dinar of Red Gold, ii. [348n], [349n]
Dinh Tiên-hwàng, king of An-nam, i. 264n
Diocletian, i. 14n
Dioscorides insula, ii. [408n]
Dir, chief town of Panjkora, i. 104n, 164n, 165n
Dirakht-i-Fazl, i. 135n, 138n
Dirakht-i-Kush, i. 135n
Diráwal, ancient capital of the Bhattis, i. 104n
Dirhem-Kub, Shah Mahomed, founder of Hormuz dynasty, i. 115n, 121n
Dish of Sakya or of Adam, ii. [328n], [330n]
Diu City, ii. [392n]
Diul-Sind, Lower Sind, i. 86n
Divination by twigs or arrows, i. 241, 242n
Dixan, branding with cross at, ii. [433n]
Dizabulus, pavilion of, i. 384n
Dizfúl River, i. 85n
Djao (Chao) Namian Sumé (Kaipingfu), i. 25n
Djaya, turquoises, ii. [56n]
Doctors at Kinsay, ii. [203]
Dofar, see [Dhafar]
Dogana, i. 151;
conjectures as to, 152n, 156n
Doghábah River, i. 152n
Dog-headed races, ii. [309], [311n]
Dogs, the Khan’s mastiffs, i. 400;
of Tibet, ii. [45], [49], [52n];
fierce in Cuiju, [126]
Dog-sledging in Far North, ii. [480], [481n], [482];
notes on dogs, [483n]
Dolfino, Ranuzzo, husband of Polo’s daughter, Moreta, 76
Dolonnúr, i. 26n
Dominicans, sent with Polos but turn back, i. 22, 23
D’or plain, the expression, i. 269n
Doráh Pass, i. 165n
Doria, family at Meloria, 56
—— Lampa, 6;
Admiral of Genoese Fleet sent to Adriatic, 45;
his victory, 48;
his tomb and descendants, 51;
at Meloria with six sons, 56
—— Octaviano, death of, 48
—— Tedisio, exploring voyage of, 51
Dorjé, i. 360n
D’Orléans, Prince Henri, i. 200n, 277n
Douglas, Rev. Dr. C., ii. [232n], [237n], [240n], [241n], [244n]
Doyley, Sir Fulke, ii. [166n]
Dragoian (Ta-hua-Mien), ii. [297n], [306n]
Draps entaillez, i. 392
Drawers, enormous, of Badakhshan women, i. 160, 163n
Dreams, notable, i. 305n
Drums, sound of in certain sandy districts, 197, 202n
Dryabalanops Camphora, ii. [303n]
Dua Khan, i. 121n, ii. [459n], [462n]
Du Bose, Rev. H. C., ii. [182n–184n]
Ducat, or sequin, i. 426n, ii. [591n]
Dudley, Arcano del Mare, ii. [266n]
Duel, mode in S. India of, ii. [371]
Dufour, on mediæval artillery, ii. [161n], [163n]
Duhalde, Plan of Ki-chau, ii. [26n];
or T’si-ning chau, ii. [139n]
Duḳuz Khatun, i. 288n
Dulcarnon (Zulkarnain), i. 161n
Dulites, ii. [432n]
Dumas, Alexander, i. 53n
Dumb trade, ii. [486n]
Duncan, Rev. Moir, ii. [28n]
Dungen (Tungăni), or converts, i. 291n
Duplicates in geography, ii. [409n]
Dupu, ii. [397n]
Dürer’s Map of Venice, so-called, 29, 30
Durga Temple, ii. [383n]
Dursamand, ii. [427n]
Dúsháb, sweet liquor or syrup, i. 87n
Dust-storms, i. 105n
Duties, on Great Kiang, ii. [170];
on goods at Kinsay and Zayton, [189], [215], [216], [235];
on horses, [438];
at Hormuz, [450].
(See also [Customs].)
Dutthagamini, king of Ceylon, i. 169n
Dwara Samudra, ii. [294n], [367n], [427n]
Dzegun-tala, name applied to Mongolia, i. 214n
Dzungaria, i. 214n
Eagle mark on shoulder of Georgian kings, i. 50
Eagles, trained to kill large game, i. 397, 399n
—— white, in the Diamond Country, ii. [360–361]
Eagle-wood, origin of the name, ii. [271n].
(See [Lign-aloes].)
Earth honoured, ii. [341]
East, its state, circa 1260, 8 et seqq.
Ebony (bonus), ii. [268], [272n]
Edkins, Rev., ii. [199n]
Edward I., 59, 62, 63, i. 21n, ii. [593n]
Edward II., correspondence with Tartar princes, i. 36n, ii. [477n]
Effeminacy, in Chinese palaces, ii. [17], [20n], [145], [207], [208]
Eggs of Ruc and Aepyornis, ii. [416n], [417n]
Egrigaia, province, i. 281, 282n
Ela (cardamom), ii. [388n]
Elchidai, ii. [471], [474n]
Elenovka, i. 58n
Elephantiasis, i. 187, 188n, ii. [350n]
Elephants, Kúblái carried on a timber bartizan by four, i. 337, 404, 408n;
Kúblái’s, 391, 392n, ii. [104];
the king of Mien’s, [99];
numbers of men alleged to be carried by, [100n];
how the Tartars routed, [102];
wild, [107], [111], [117], [119n];
in Caugigu, [117];
Champa, [268], [271n];
Locac, [276], [279n];
Sumatra, [285], [289n], [290n];
Madagascar and Zanghibar, [411], [422];
trade in teeth of, ib.;
carried off by the Ruc, [412], [417n], [419n], [421n];
in Zanghibar, [422], [423];
used in war, [429], [433n–434n];
an error, [433n];
Nubian, [424n];
fable about, ib.;
not bred in Abyssinia, [431];
training of African, [434n];
war of the, ib.
Eli, Ely, Elly (Hili), kingdom of, ii. [385], [386n] seqq., [403n], [426n]
Elias, Ney, i. 215n, 225n, 278n, 288n, 291n, ii. [23n], [144n]
Elixir vitae of the Jogis, ii. [365], [369n]
Elliot, Sir Walter, i. 38n, 48n, 56n, 65n, 96n, 102n, 104n, 105n, 121n, 165n, 265n, ii. [295n], [333n], [334n], [336n], [350n], [367n], [369n], [370n], [372n], [400n], [410n], [419n]
Emad, Ed-din Abu Thaher, founder of the Kurd dynasty, i. 85n
Embroidery of silk at Kerman, i. 90, 96n;
leather in Guzerat, ii. [394], [395n]
Empoli, Giovanni d’, ii. [239n]
Empusa, the Arabian Nesnás, i. 202n
Enchanters, at Socotra, ii. [407]
Enchantments, of the Caraonas, i. 98.
(See also [Conjurers], [Sorcerers].)
Engano Island, legend, ii. [406n]
Engineering feat, 50
Engineers, their growing importance in Middle Ages, ii. [166n]
England, Kúblái’s message to king of, i. 34;
correspondence of Tartar princes with kings of, 36n, ii. [477n]
English trade and character in Asia, ii. [368n]
Enlightenment, Land of, i. 460n
Erba, poisonous plant or grass, i. 217, 218n
Erculin, Arculin (an animal), ii. [481], [483n], [484], [487]
Erdeni Tso (Erdenidsu), or Erdeni Chao Monastery, i. 228n–230n
Eremites (Rishis), of Kashmir, i. 166, 169n
Erguiul, province, i. 274, 282n
Erivan, i. 58n
Erkeun (Ye li ke un), Mongol for Christians, i. 291n
Ermine, i. 257, 405, 410n, ii. [481], [484], [487]
Erzinjan, Erzinga, Eriza (Arzinga), i. 45
Erzrum (Arziron), i. 45, 48n
Eschiel, the word, ii. [390n]
Esher (Shehr, Es-shehr), ii. [442];
trade with India, incense, Ichthyophagi, [442], [443], [444n];
singular sheep, [443], [444n]
Essentemur (Isentimur), Kúblái’s grandson, king of Carajan, ii. [64], [80n], [98]
Estimo, Venetian, or forced loan, 47, 76
Etchmiadzin Monastery, i. 61n
Ethiopia and India, confused, ii. [432n]
Ethiopian sheep, ii. [422], [424n]
Etiquette of the Mongol Court, i. 382, 385n, 391, 393n, 457
Etymologies, Balustrade, 38;
buckram, i. 47n–48n;
Avigi, 57n;
Geliz (Ghellé), 59n;
Jatolic, 61n;
muslin, 62n;
baudekins, 65n;
cramoisy, 65n;
ondanique, 93n;
zebu, 99n;
carbine, 101n;
Dulcarnon, 161n;
balas, 161n;
azure and lazuli, 162n;
None, 173n;
Mawmet and Mummery, 189n;
salamander, 216n;
berrie, 237n;
barguerlac, 272n;
S’ling, 276n, 283n;
siclatoun, 283n;
Argon, 290n;
Tungani, 291;
Guasmul, 292n;
chakór, 297n;
Jádú and Yadah, 309n–310n;
Tafur, 313n;
Bacsi, 314n;
Sensin, 321n;
P’ungyi, 325n;
carquois, 366n;
Keshikán, 380n;
vernique, 384n;
camut, borgal, shagreen, 395n;
Chinuchi or Chunichi, 401n;
Toscaol, 407n;
Bularguchi, 407n;
Fondaco, 415n;
Bailo, 421n;
comercque, ii. [41n];
porcelain, [74n];
Sangon, [138n];
Faghfúr, [148n];
Manjanik, mangonel, mangle, etc., [163n–164n];
galingale, [229n];
Chini and Misri, [230n];
Satin, [241n], [242n];
eagle-wood, aloes-wood, [271n–272n];
Bonús, Calamanz, ib.;
benzoni, [286n];
china pagoda, [336n];
Pacauca, [346n];
Balánjar, a-muck, [347n–348n];
Pariah, [349n];
Govi, ib.;
Avarian, [355n–356n];
Abraiaman, [367n];
Choiach, [368n];
proques, [370n];
Tembul and Betel, [374n];
Sappan and Brazil, [380n–381n];
Balladi, ib.;
Belledi, [381n];
Indigo baccadeo, [382n];
Gatpaul, baboon, [383n–385n];
Salami cinnamon, [391n];
κώμακον, ib.;
rook (in chess), [419n];
Aranie, [462n];
Erculin and Vair, [483n];
Misḳál, [592n]
—— (of Proper Names), Curd, i. 62n;
Dzungaria, 214n;
Chingintalas, ib.;
Cambuscan, 247n;
Oirad, 308n;
Kungurat, 358n;
Manzi, ii. [144n];
Bayan, [148n];
Kinsay, [193n];
Japan, [256n];
Sornau, [279n];
Narkandam, [312n];
Ceylon, [314n];
Ma’bar, [332n];
Chilaw, [337n];
Mailapúr, [359n];
Sônagarpaṭṭanam, [372n];
Punnei-Káyal, Káyal, ib.;
Kollam (Coilum), [377];
Hili (Ely), [386n];
Cambaet, [398n];
Mangla and Nebila, [405n];
Socotra, [408n];
Colesseeah, [410n];
Caligine, [439n];
Aijaruc, [463];
Nemej, [493n]
—— Chinese, ii. [119n]
Etzina, i. 223
Eunuchs, i. 356;
procured from Bengal, ii. [115n]
Euphrates, i. 43n;
said to flow into the Caspian, 52, 59n
Euphratesia, i. 43n
Euxine, see [Black Sea]
Evelyn’s Diary, i. 136n
Execution of Princes of the Blood, mode of, i. 67n, 343, 344n
Eyircayá, i. 281n
Facen, Dr. J., 139
Faghfur (Facfur, Emperor of Southern China), ii. [145];
meaning of title, [148n];
his effeminate diversions, [207];
decay of his palace, [208]
Faizabad in Badakhshan, i. 156n, 163n, 173n, 175n
Fákanúr, ii. [440n]
Fakata, ii. [260n]
Fakhruddin Ahmad, Prince of Hormuz, i. 121n, ii. [333n]
Falconers, Kúblái’s, i. 335, 402, 407n
Falcons, of Kerman, i. 90, 96n;
Saker and Lanner, 158, 162n;
peregrine, 269;
Kúblái’s, 402
Famine, horrors, i. 313n
Fanchán, P’ingchang, title of a second class Cabinet Minister, i. 432n, ii. [179n]
Fanchan Lake, ii. [29n]
Fan-ching, siege of, ii. [167n]
Fandaraina, ii. [386n], [391n], [440n]
Fang, see [Squares]
Fansur, in Sumatra, kingdom of, ii. [299], [302n]
Fansuri camphor, ii. [299], [302n]
Fan Wen-hu, or Fan-bunko, a General in Japanese Expedition, ii. [260n], [261n]
Fariáb, or Pariáb, i. 106n
Faro of Constantinople, ii. [490]
Farriers, none in S. India, ii. [340], [450]
Fars, province, i. 85n, 92n, ii. [333n], [348n], [377n], [402n]
Fashiyah, Atabeg dynasty, i. 85n, 86n
Fassa, i. 86n
Fasting days, Buddhist, i. 220, 222n
Fattan, in Ma’bar, ii. [333n], [336n]
Fatteh, ’Ali Sháh, i. 146n, 179n
Fausto, Vettor, his Quinquereme, 33
Fazl, Ibn Hassan (Fazluïeh-Hasunïeh), i. 86n
Feili, Lurs dynasty, i. 84n
Female attendants on Chinese Emperors, ii. [17], [20n], [147], [207], [208]
Ferlec, in Sumatra, kingdom of (Parlák), ii. [284], [287n], [294n], [295n], [305n];
Hill people, [284], [288n]
Fernandez, or Moravia, Valentine, ii. [295n]
Ferrier, General, i. 68n, 100n, 106n
Festivals, Order of the Kaan’s, i. 386, 388n
Fiag, or Pog River, i. 54n
Ficus Vasta, i. 129n
Fidáwí, Ismailite adepts, i. 144n, 145n
Filial Piety in China, i. 457, 462n
Filippi, Professor F. de, Silk industry in Ghílán, i. 59n
Finn, i. 122n
Fiordelisa, daughter of younger Maffeo Polo, 17, 65
—— supposed to be Nicolo Polo’s second wife, 17, 26, 27
—— wife of Felice Polo, 27, 65
Firando Island, ii. [260n]
Firdús, Ismailite Castle, i. 148n
Firdúsí, i. 93n, 130n
Fire, affected by height of Pamir Plain, i. 171, 178n;
regulations at Kinsay, ii. [189]
Fire-baptism, ascribed to Abyssinians, ii. [427], [432n]
Fire-Pao (cannon?), i. 342n, ii. [596n]
Fire-worship, or rockets, in Persia, i. 78, 80;
by the Sensin in Cathay, 303, 325n
Firishta, the historian, i. 104n, 169n
Fish miracle in Georgia, i. 52, 57n, 58n;
in the Caspian, 59n;
and date diet, 107, 116n, ii. [450];
supply at Kinsay, [202];
food for cattle, [443], [444n];
stored for man and beast, [443]
Fish-oil, used for rubbing ships, i. 108, 117n
Florin, or ducat, ii. [215], [591n]
Flour (Sago), trees producing, ii. [300], [304n], [305n]
Flückiger, Dr., ii. [226n]
Fog, dry, i. 105n
Fo-kien, see Fu-chau
Folin (Byzantine Empire), ii. [405n]
Fondaco, i. 415n, ii. [238n]
Foot-mark on Adam’s Peak, q.v.
Foot-posts in Cathay, i. 435
Forg, i. 86n
Formosa, Plain (Harmuza), i. 107, 115n
Forsyth, Sir T. Douglas, i. 193n, 194n, 216n, 400n
Fortune, R., ii. [182n], [198], [220n], [222n], [224n], [229n], [233n]
Foundlings, provision for, ii. [147], [151n]
Four-horned sheep, ii. [443], [444n]
Fowls with hair, ii. [126], [129n]
Foxes, black, ii. [479], [481n], [484], [487]
Fozlán, Ibn, i. 7n, 8n, ii. [348n], [488n]
Fra terre (Interior), i. 43n
Fracastoro, Jerome, 2
Franciscan converts, in Volga region, i. 5n, 9n, ii. [491n];
at Yang-chau, [154n];
Zayton, [237n]
Francolin (darráj of the Persians), black partridge, i. 97, 99n, 107, 297n
Frankincense, see [Incense]
Frederic II., Emperor, his account of the Tartars, i. 56n;
story of implicit obedience, 144n;
his cheetas, 398n;
his leather money, 429n;
his giraffe, ii. [424n]
French, the original language of Polo’s Book, 81 seqq.;
its large diffusion in that age, 86 seqq., 122
French Expedition up the Kamboja River, ii. [57n], [67n], [80n], [120n]
Frenchmen, riding long like, ii. [78]
French mission and missionaries in China, ii. [38n], [48n], [52n], [57n], [63n], [96n], [97n], [127n]
Frère charnel, i. 187n
Frere, Sir B., i. 96n, 117n, 147n, ii. [395n], [424n]
Froissart, i. 17n, 42n, 68n
Fu-chau (Fo-kien, Fuju), ii. [220n–222n], [224n], [226], [230], [231], [232n], [233n], [238n], [251n];
paper-money at, i. 428n;
wild hill people of, 225, 228n;
its identity, 232n, 238n;
language of, 243n;
tooth relique at, 330n
Fuen (Fen) ho River, ii. [17n]
Funeral rites, Chinese, in Tangut, i. 204;
of the Kaans, 246, 250n;
at Kinsay, ii. [191].
(See also [Dead].)
Fungul, city of, ii. [124], [127n]
Furs, of the Northern Regions, i. 257, 405, 410n, ii. [481], [483n], [484], [487]
Fusang, Mexico(?), ii. [405n]
Fuyang, ii. [220n]
Fuzo, see [Fu-chau]
Gabala, Bishop of, i. 231n
Gagry, maritime defile of, i. 54n
Gaisue, officer of Kúblái’s Mathematical Board, i. 449n
Galeasse, Venetian gallery, 36, i. 119n
Galingale, ii. [225], [229n], [272]
Galletti, Marco, 27, ii. [512n]
Galleys of the Middle Ages, war, 31 seqq.;
arrangement of rowers, 31–32;
number of oars, 32, 33;
dimensions, 33, 34;
tactics in fight, 38;
toil in rowing, ib.;
strength and cost of crew, 39;
staff of fleet, 39–40;
Joinville’s description of, 40;
customs of, 41
Galley-slaves not usual in Middle Ages, 39
Gambling, prohibited by Kúblái, i. 457
Game, see [Sport]
Game Laws, Mongol, i. 396, 406, ii. [13]
Game, supplied to Court of Cambaluc, i. 396, 401
Ganapati Kings, ii. [362n]
Gandar, Father, ii. [139n], [153n]
Gandhára, ii. [114n], [329n], [330n];
Buddhist name for Yun-nan, ii. [73n]
Ganfu, port of Kinsay, ii. [189]
Ganja, gate of, i. 57n
Gan-p’u, ii. [238n]
Gantanpouhoa, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n
Gantûr, ii. [362n]
Gardenia, fruit and dyes, ii, [226n]
Gardiner’s (misprinted Gardner’s) Travels, i. 160n, 179n
Gardner, C., ii. [196n], [198n]
Garmsir, Ghermseer (Cremesor), Hot Region, i. 75n, 99n, 112n, 114n
Garnier, Lieut. Francis (journey to Talifu), ii. [38n], [48n], [57n], [58n], [60n], [64n], [67n], [74n], [80n], [90n], [91n], [95n], [99n], [117n], [120n], [122n], [123n], [128n], [130n], [198n], [278n]
Garrisons, Mongol, in Cathay and Manzi, i. 336n, ii. [190], [200n];
disliked the people, [205]
Garuda, ii. [351n], [415n], [419n]
Gate of Iron, ascribed to Derbend, i. 57n
Gates, of Kaan’s palace, i. 363, 368n;
of Cambaluc, 374, 377n;
of Somnath, ii. [400–401]
Gat-pauls, Gatopaul, Gatos-paulas, ii. [382], [383n], [385n]
Gatto maimone, ii. [383n]
Gauenispola Island, ii. [300], [307n]
Gaur (Bos Gaurus, etc.), ii. [114n]
Gauristan, i. 86n
Gavraz, village, i. 45n
Gazaria, ii. [490], [492n]
Gedrosi, ii. [402n]
Gelath in Imeretia, Iron Gate at, i. 57n
Geliz, Spanish for silk dealer, i. 59n
Genealogy of Polos, 13;
errors as given by Barbaro, etc., in, 77–78;
tabular, ii. [506n];
of House of Chinghiz, [505n]
Genoa, Polo’s captivity at, 6, 48–55
—— and Pisa, rivalry, and wars of, 41, 56 seqq.
—— and Venice, rivalry and wars of, 41 seqq.
Genoese, their growth in skill and splendour, 42;
character as seamen by poet of their own, 43;
character by old Italian author, 48;
capture of Soldaia, i. 4n;
their navigation of the Caspian, 52, 59n;
trade in box-wood, 57n;
their merchants at Tabriz, 75;
in Fo-kien, ii. [238n]
Gentile Plural names converted into local singulars, i. 58n
Geographical Text of Polo’s Book constantly quoted, its language, 83;
proofs that it is the original, 84 seqq.;
tautology, 85;
source of other texts, ib.
George (Jirjis, Yurji, Gurgán), king of Tenduc, of the time of Prester John, i. 284, 287n;
a possible descendant of, 288n, ii. [460]
Georgia (Georgiana), beauty of, and its inhabitants, i. 50–53n;
their kings, 50, 52n
Gerfalcons (Shonkár), i. 270, 273n, 299, 402, 404;
tablets engraved with, 35, 351, 355n, ii. [487]
Gerini, Colonel, ii. [596n]
German Follower of the Polos, ii. [159]
Ghaiassuddin Balban (Asedin Soldan), Sultan of Delhi, i. 99, 104n, 105n
Gháran country, ruby mines in, i. 161n
Gházán (Casan) Khan of Persia, son of Arghún, i. 14n, 29n, 88n, 103n, 121n, 138n, 429n, ii. [50], [166n], [466n];
his regard for the Polos, i. 35;
marries the Lady Kukachin, 36, 38n, ii. [465n];
his mosque at Tabriz, i. 76n;
set to watch the Khorasan frontier, ii. [474], [475n];
obtains the throne, [476];
his object and accomplishments, [478n]
Ghel, or Ghelan (Ghel-u-chelan), Sea of, Caspian Sea, i. 52, 58n
Ghellé (Gílí), silk of the Gíl province, i. 52, 59n
Ghes, or Kenn (formerly Kish or Kais), i. 63, 64n
Ghez tree, i. 89n
Ghiuju, ii. [219], [221n], [222n]
Ghiyas ed-din, last Prince of Kurd dynasty, i. 85n
Ghori, or Aksarai River, i. 152n
Ghúls, goblins, i. 202n
Ghúr, i. 102n
Giglioli, Professor H., 51
Gíl, or Gílán, province, i. 59n
Gilgit, i. 160n
Gill, Captain (River of Golden Sand), i. 408n, ii. [40n], [57n], [59n], [80n–82n], [84n], [88n], [91n], [109n], [169n], [221n]
Ginao, Mt. and Hot Springs, i. 122n
Gindanes of Herodotus, ii. [48]
Ginger, ii. [22];
Shan-si, [33];
Caindu, [56];
alleged to grow in Kiangnan, [181], [183n];
Fuju, [224], [325];
Coilum, [375], [381n];
different qualities and prices of, [381n];
Ely, [385], [388n];
Malabar, [389];
Guzerat, [393]
Giraffes, ii. [413], [421n], [422], [431];
mediæval notices of, [424n]
Girardo, Paul, 70, ii. [511n]
Girdkuh, an Ismailite fortress, its long defence, i. 146n, 148n
Girls, consecrated to idols in India, ii. [345–346]
Gittarchan, see [Astrakhan]
Glaza (Ayas, q.v.), 54
Gleemen and jugglers, conquer Mien, ii. [110]
Goa, ii. [358n], [451n]
Gobernador, Straits of, ii. [281n]
Goës, Benedict, 20, i. 175n, 218n
Gog and Magog (Ung and Mungul), legend of, i. 56n, 57n;
rampart of, 57n;
country of, 285;
name suggested by Wall of China, 292n
Gogo, ii. [398n]
Goître at Yarkand, i. 187, 188n
Golconda diamond mines, ii. [362n]
Gold, Frankincense, and Myrrh, their mystic meaning, i. 79, 81n
Gold dust in Tibet, ii. [49], [52n];
exchanged for salt in Caindu, [54], [57n];
Brius River, [56];
in Kin-shia-Kiang, [72n];
and nuggets in Carajan, [76];
abundant in Yun-nan, [95n], [106];
Caugigu, [116];
Coloman, [123];
infinite in Chipangu, [253], [256];
in Sea of Chin Islands, [264];
dust in Gulf of Cheinan Islands, [266];
not found in Java, [274n];
in Locac, [276];
the Malayo-Siamese territories, [179n];
Sumatra, [284], [287n];
vast accumulations in South India, 12, ii. [340], [348n];
imported into Malabar, [390];
and into Cambay, [398];
purchased in Socotra, [407]
Gold and silver towers of Mien, ii. [110]
—— cloths of, i. 41, 50, 60, 63, 65n, 75, 84, 285, 387, ii. [23].
(See [Silk] and [Gold].)
—— of the Gryphons in Herodotus, ii. [419n]
—— Teeth (Zardandan), Western Yunnan, ii. [84], [88n–91n]
—— to silver, relative value of, i. 426n, ii. [95n], [256n], [591n]
Golden King and Prester John, tale of the, ii. [17–22]
—— Island, ii. [174n], [175], [176n], [310n]
—— Horde (kings of the Ponent), ii. [486n], [492n]
Golfo, Indigo di, ii. [382n]
Gomispola, Gomispoda, see [Gauenispola]
Gomushtapah, Wall of, i. 57n
Gomuti palm, ii. [297n]
Gondophares, a king in the St. Thomas legends, ii. [357n]
Gordon’s “Ever Victorious Army,” ii. [179n]
Gordun Sháh, i. 120n
Göring, F., i. 74n
Goriosan, ii. [260n]
Gor Khar, wild ass, i. 89n
Goshawks, i. 50, 57n, 96n, 252, 402;
black, ii. [285], [345]
Gothia (Crimean), ii. [490];
its limit and language, [492n]
Govy, a low caste in Maabar, ii. [341], [349n], [355]
Goza, i. 38n
Gozurat, see [Guzerat]
Grail, Buddhist parallel to the Holy, ii. [328n], [330n]
Granaries, Imperial, i. 443
Grapes in Shan-si, ii. [13], [15n], [16n]
Grass-cloths, ii. [127n]
Grasso, Donato, 25
Great Bear (Meistre), ii. [292], [296n];
and Little, force of, and application of these epithets, [286n]
Great, or Greater Sea (Black Sea), i. 3n, ii. [487], [488], [490]
Greece, Bactria’s relation to, i. 160n
Greek fire, 38, ii. [165n]
Greeks, in Turcomania, i. 43;
and Greek tongue in Socotra, ii. [408n], [409n];
possible relic of, [410n]
Green, Rev. D. D., ii. [193n]
—— Island, legendary, ii. [381n]
—— Islands, ii. [417n]
—— Mount, Cambaluc, i. 365, 370n
—— R., see [Ts’ien-T’ang]
Gregorieff, his excavations at Sarai, i. 6n
Gregory X., Pope, see [Theobald of Piacenza]
Grenard, i. 189n, 190n, 193n, 195n, 200n, 203n, 276n, 310n, 324n, 409n, ii. [5n], [27n]
Grioni, Zanino, ii. [517n]
Griut (kurut), sour-curd, i. 265n
Groat, Venetian grosso, i. 424, 426n, ii. [22], [66], [153], [181], [201], [225], [236], [354], [591n]
Groot, Professor, J. J. M. de, i. 209n, 251n, 268n, ii. [135n]
Grote, Arthur, ii. [444n]
Grueber and Dorville, Jesuit travellers, i. 276n
Grus, cinerea, antigone, leucogeranus, monachus, i. 297n
Gryphon, see [Ruc]
Guasmul (Basmul), half-breeds, i. 284, 292n
Guchluk, i. 161n
Gudar (village), i. 113n
Gudderi, musk animals, Tibet, ii. [45], [49n]
Gudran, i. 126n
Guebers, the, i. 88n, 96n
Gujáh, Hulákú’s chief secretary, i. 33n
Gugal, bdellium, ii. [397n]
Guilds of craftsmen at Kinsay, ii. [186]
—— Venetian, 72
Guinea-fowl, ii. [431], [437n]
Guions, a quasi-Tibetan tribe, ii. [60n]
Gumish-Khánah, silver mines, i. 49n
Gunpowder, 138
Gurgán, a Tartar chief, ii. [474n]
Gurgán, son-in-law, a title, i. 288n
Gur-Khan of Karacathay, i. 233n
Gutturals, Mongol elision of, i. 8n, 64n
Guz = 100, i. 261, 263n
Guzerat (Gozurat), ii. [389], [390], [392], [394n];
products, mediæval architecture and dress, [393];
work, [393–394], [395n]
Haast, Dr., discovers a fossil Ruc, ii. [417n]
Habíb-ullah of Khotan, i. 189n
Ḥabsh (Abash), see [Abyssinia]
Hadhramaut (Sessania Adrumetorum), i. 82n
Hadiah, ii. [436n]
Haffer, ii. [445n]
Hai-nan, Gulf of, ii. [266n]
—— language of, ii. [244n]
Hairy men in Sumatra, ii. [301n]
Hajji Mahomed, i. 211n, 221n
Hakeddin, ii. [436n]
Half-breeds, see [Argons]
Hamd Allah Mastaufi, the geographer, i. 76n, 81n, 84n, 92n, 135n
Hamilton, Captain Alexander, i. 106n, 122n
Hammer-Purgstall on Marco Polo, 115
Hamúm Arabs, ii. [443n]
Hamza of Ispahan, i. 101n
Hamza Pantsuri, or Fantsuri, ii. [303n]
Hanbury, D., ii. [183n], [226n], [229n]
Han-chung (Cuncun), ii. [31], [32n], [34n], [35n]
Hang-chau fu, see [Kinsay]
Han dynasty, i. 193n, 347n, ii. [32n], [35n], [70n]
—— River, ii. [34n], [35n], [149n], [167n]
Hanjám, i. 115n
Han-kau, ii. [183n]
Hansi, ii. [427n]
Han Yü, ii. [81n]
Harám, i. 141n
Harhaura, W. Panjáb, i. 104n
Harlez, Mgr. de, i. 305n
Harmozeia, i. 114n
Harpagornis, fossil Ruc, ii. [417n]
Harran, i. 23n
Harshadeva, king of Kashmir, i. 169n
Harsuddi, temple of, ii. [349n]
Haru, or Aru, ii. [303n]
Hashíshín, see [Assassins]
Hásik, ii. [444n]
Hassán Kalá, hot springs at, i. 47n
Hassan, son of Sabah, founder of the Ismailites, i. 141n
Hastings, Warren, letter of, i. 57n
Hatan, rebellion of, i. 346n
Haunted deserts, i. 197, 201n, 274
Havret, Father H., ii. [155n], [212n]
Ḥawáríy (Avarian), the term, ii. [356n]
Hawks, hawking in Georgia, i. 50, 57n;
Yezd and Kerman, 88, 90, 96n;
Badakhshan, 158, 162n;
Etzina, 223;
among the Tartars, 252;
on shores and islands of Northern Ocean, 269, 273n;
Kúblái’s sport at Chagannor, 296;
in mew at Chandu, 299;
trained eagles, 397, 399n;
Kúblái’s establishment of, 402, 403, 407n, ii. [13];
in Tibet, [50];
Sumatra, [285];
Maabar, [345]
Hayton I. (Hethum), king of Lesser Armenia, 11, i. 25n, 42n, ii. [592n];
his autograph, 13
Hazáras, the, Mongol origin of, i. 102n;
lax custom ascribed to, 212n, ii. [56n]
Hazbana, king of Abyssinia, ii. [436n]
Heat, great at Hormuz, i. 108, 109, 119n, ii. [452];
in India, [343], [375–376]
Heaven, City of (Kinsay), ii. [182], [184n], [185], [203]
Hedin, Dr. Sven, i. 188n, 190n, 193n, 198n, 203n, 225n, 276n
Heibak, caves at, i. 156n
Height, effects on fire of great, i. 171, 178n
Heikel, Professor Axel, on Buddhist monasteries in the Orkhon, i. 228n
Hei-shui (Mongol Etsina) River, i. 225n
Hel, Ela (Cardamom), ii. [388n]
Helena, Empress, i. 82n
Helli, see [Eli]
He-lung Kiang, ii. [35n]
Hemp of Kwei-chau, ii. [127]
Henry II., Duke of Silesia, ii. [493n]
Henry III., i. 27n, 56n
Heraclius, Emperor, said to have loosed the shut-up nations, i. 56n
Herat, i. 150n, ii. [402n]
Hereditary trades, ii. [186], [196n]
Hereford, Map, 132, i. 134n
Hermenia, see [Armenia]
Hermits of Kashmir, i. 166, 169n
Herodotus, i. 135n, ii. [104n], [109n]
Hethum, see [Hayton]
Hiai- or Kiai-chau (Caichu?), ii. [19n]
Hides, ii. [398].
(See [Leather].)
Hili, Hili-Marawi, see [Ely]
Hill-people of Fo-kien, wild, ii. [225], [228n]
Hinaur, see [Hunáwar]
Hind, ii. [402n]
Hindu character, remarks on frequent eulogy of, ii. [367]
—— Kush, i. 104n, 164n, 165n, ii. [594n]
Hindus, their steel and iron, i. 93n
—— in Java, ii. [283n]
Hing-hwa, language of, ii. [244n]
Hippopotamus’ teeth, ii. [413], [421n]
Hips, admiration of large, i. 160
Hirth, Dr. F., ii. [27n], [28n], [89n], [194n], [199n]
Hiuan-Tsung, Emperor, ii. [28n]
Hiuen Tsang, Dr., a Buddhist monk, i. 164n–165n, 169n, 174n, 189n–193n, 197n, 202n, 221n, 222n, 306n, 446n, ii. [28n], [60n], [594n], [595n]
Hochau, in Sze-chwan, Mangku Khan’s death at, i. 245n
—— in Kansuh, ii. [29n]
Hochung-fu (Cachanfu), ii. [25n]
Hodgson, Mr., ii. [116n]
Hoernle, Dr., i. 190n
Hōjōs, ii. [262n]
Hokien-fu (Cacanfu), ii. [133n]
Hokow, or Hokeu, ii. [224n]
Holcombe, Rev. C., on Hwai-lu, ii. [15n];
on Yellow River, [23n];
on Pia-chau fu, [25n];
on road from T’ung-kwan to Si-ngan fu, [27n]
Hollingworth, H. G., ii. [144n]
Holy Sepulchre, ii. [429];
oil from lamp of, i. 14, 19, 26
Homeritae, ii. [432n]
Homi-cheu, or Ngo-ning, ii. [122n], [128n], [129n], [131n]
Homme, its technical use, i. 27n, 342n
Hondius map, i. 102n
Ho-nhi, or Ngo-ning (Anin) tribe, ii. [120n], [122n].
(See [Homi-cheu].)
Hooker, Sir Joseph, on bamboo explosion, ii. [46n]
Horiad (Oirad, or Uirad) tribe, i. 300, 308n
Hormuz (Hormos, Curmosa), i. 83, 107, 110n, ii. [340], [348n], [370], [402n], [449], [451];
trade with India, a sickly place, the people’s diet, i. 107, ii. [450];
ships, [108];
great heat and fatal wind, [108], [109], [119n], [120n];
crops, mourning customs, i. 109;
the king of, 110;
another road to Kerman from, 110, 122n;
route from Kerman to, 110n;
site of the old city, ib.;
foundation of, 115n;
history of, 120n;
merchants, ii. [340];
horses exported to India from, [348n];
the Melik of, [449], [450], [451]
—— Island, or Jerun, i. 110n, 111n, ii. [451n];
Organa of Arian, i. 115n, 121n
Hormuzdia, i. 111n
Horns of Ovis Poli, i. 171, 176n
Horoscopes, in China, i. 447, ii. [191];
in Maabar, [344]
Horse-posts and Post-houses, i. 433, 437n
Horses, Turkish, i. 43, 44n;
Persian, 83, 86n;
of Badakhshan, strain of Bucephalus, 158, 162n;
sacrificed at Kaans’ tombs, 246;
Tartar, 260, 264n;
and white mares, 300, 308n;
presented to Kaan on New Year’s Day, 390;
of Carajan, ii. [64], [78], [81n];
their tails docked, [82n];
of Anin, [119];
tracking by, [174n];
decorated with Yaks’ tails, [355];
now bred in S. India, [340], [342], [348n], [350n], [438], [450]
—— great trade and prices in importing to India from Persia, i. 83, 86n;
modes of shipment, 108, 117n;
from Carajan, ii. [78];
from Anin, [119];
from Kis, Hormuz, Dofar, Soer, and Aden, [340], [348n], [370], [395], [438];
Esher, [442];
Dofar, [444];
Calatu, [450], [451n]
—— duty on, [438];
captured by pirates, [395];
their extraordinary treatment and diet in India, [340], [345], [348n–349n], [351n], [450]
Horse-stealing, Tartar laws v., i. 266
Hosie, A., ii. [131n];
on Ch’êng-tu, [40n];
brine-wells of Pai-yen-ching, [58n];
on the Si-fan, [60n], [61n];
on Caindu Lake, [72n]
Hospitals, Buddhist, i. 446n
Hostelries, at Cambaluc, i. 412;
on the Cathay post-roads, 434, ii. [32n];
at Kinsay, [193]
Hot springs in Armenia, i. 45, 46n;
near Hormuz, 110, 122n
Hounds, Masters of Kaan’s, i. 400–401n
Hours, struck from Cambaluc bell-tower, i. 373, 414;
at Kinsay, ii. [188];
unlucky, [364], [368n];
canonical, [368n], [369n]
Hsi Hsia dynasty, i. 205n
Hsiang-Chên, Hsiang, wood, ii. [301n]
Hu-chau fu (Vuju), ii. [184n]
Hui-hui, white and black capped, two Mohammedan sects, ii. [30n],
Hukaji (Hogáchi, Cogachin), Kúblái’s son, i. 361n, ii. [76], [80n]
Hukwan-hien, ii. [230n]
Hulákú Khan (Alau, Alacon), Kúblái’s brother, and founder of Mongol dynasty in Persia, 10, i. 5, 10, 61n, 64n, 334n;
war with Barka Khan, 8n, 103n;
takes Baghdad and puts Khalif to death, 63, 66n, 85n, 86n;
the Ismailites and the Old Man, 145, 245, 247n
—— his treachery, ii. [181n];
his descendants, [477];
battle with Barca, [494];
his followers, [495]
Hullukluk, village, near Sivas, i. 45n
Human fat, used for combustion in war, ii. [180n]
—— sacrifices, i. 208n
Humáyún, Emperor, i. 155n, 277n
Humboldt, 106, 107, 110, 120, i. 178n
Hunáwar (Onore, Hinaur), ii. [390n], [440n]
Hundred Eyes, prophecy of the, ii. [145], [146], [149n]
Hundwáníy (ondanique), Indian steel, i. 93n
Hungary, Hungarians, ii. [286n], [492n]
Hung Hao, Chinese author, i. 212n
Hun-ho (Sanghin River), ii. [5n], [6n]
Hunting equipment and Expedition, Kúblái’s, i. 397, 398n, 404;
Kang-hi’s, 407n
—— preserves, ii. [13].
(See also [Sport].)
Hutton, Captain, i. 100n
Hwa-chau, ii. [29n]
Hwai-lu, or Hwo-lu-h’ien (Khavailu), the Birmingham of N. Shansi, ii. [15n]
Hwai-ngan-fu (Coiganju), ii. [152n]
Hwai River, ii. [143n], [152n]
Hwang-ho (Yellow River), i. 245n, 282n, 286n, ii. [23n], [25n], [27n];
changes in its courses, [137n], [142n], [143n];
its embankments, [143n]
Hwan-ho, ii. [6n]
Hyena, i. 378n
Hyrcania, king of, i. 57n
Iabadiu, ii. [286n]
Ibn-al-Furāt, i. 67n
Ibn Batuta (Moorish traveller, circa A.D. 1330–1350), i. 4n–9n, 37n, 44n, 46n, 65n, 75n, 76n, 85n, 101n, 110n, 111n, 116n, 120n, 148n, 150n, 151n, 161n, 165n, 202n, 247n, 294n, 346n, 396n–410n, ii. [116n], [163n], [214n], [282n], [286n], [312n], [322n], [337n], [346n], [380n], [391n], [413n], [440n], [444n], [445n], [465n];
his account of Chinese juggling, i. 316n;
his account of Khansá (Kinsay), 214n;
of Zayton, 238n;
in Sumatra, 289n, 294n;
on Camphor, 303n;
in Ceylon, 315n, 322n, 337n;
at Kaulam, 377n, 380n;
in Malabar, 391n;
sees Rukh, 419n;
his account of Maldives, 425n;
dog-sledges, ii. [481n], [483n];
Market in Land of Darkness, [486n];
on Silver Mines of Russia, [488n]
Ibn Fozlán, see [Fozlán]
Ichin-hien, ii. [154n], [168n], [173n]
Ichthyophagous cattle and people, ii. [442], [443], [444n]
Icon Amlac, king of Abyssinia, ii. [434n–436n]
Iconium (Kuniyah, Conia), i. 43, 44n
Idolatry (Buddhism) and Idolaters, in Kashmir, i. 166, 168n;
their decalogue, 167, 170n;
Pashai, 172;
Tangut, 203, 207n;
Kamul, 210;
Kanchau, 219, 221n;
Chingintalas, 212;
Suhchau, 217;
Etzina, their fasting days, 220, 222n, 223;
Tartars and Cathayans, 263, 343, 445, 456;
Erguiul, 274;
Egrigaia, 281;
Tenduc, 284, 285;
Chandu, 300–303;
at Kúblái’s birthday feast, 387;
Cachanfu, ii. [23];
Kenjanfu, [24];
Acbalec Manzi, [33];
Sindafu, [37];
Tibet, [45], [49];
Caindu, [53];
Yachi, [66];
Carajan, [76];
Zardandan, [84];
Mien, [109];
Caugigu, [116];
Coloman, [122];
Cuiju, [124];
Cacanfu, [132];
Chinangli, [135];
Sinjumatu, [138];
Coiganju, [151];
Paukin, [152];
Tiju, [153];
Nanghin, [157];
Chinghianfu, [176];
Tanpiju, [218];
Chipangu, [253];
Chamba, [266];
Sumatra, [284], [292], [299];
Nicobars, [306];
Mutfili, [360];
Coilum, [375];
Eli, [385];
Malabar, [389];
Tana, [395];
Cambaet, [397];
Semenat, [398];
Far North, [479]
—— Origin of, ii. [318], [319];
of Brahmans, [364];
of Jogis, [365]
Idols, Tartar, i. 257, 258n, 456, ii. [479];
Tangut, [203–207n];
colossal, [219], 221n;
of Cathay, [263];
of Bacsi or Lamas, [302];
of Sensin, [303], [323n–326n];
of East generally, [263], 265n;
in India, [340], [345]
Ιερόδουλοι, ii. [351n]
Ieu, Gnostics of, ii. [321n]
Ifat, Aufat, ii. [435n]
Ig, Ij, or Irej, capital of the Shawánkárs, i. 86
Igba Zion, Iakba Siun, king of Abyssinia, ii. [435n]
Ilchi, commissioner, i. 30n
Ilchi, modern capital of Khotan, i. 189n, 190n
Ilchigadai Khan, i. 186n
Ilija, hot springs at, i. 47n
Ilkhan, the title, 10
Ilyáts, nomads of Persia, i. 85
Imáms of the Ismailites, i. 146n
Im Thurn, Everard, on Couvade, ii. [94n]
Incense, Sumatran, ii. [286];
brown in West India, [395], [396n];
white (i.e. frankincense), in Arabia, [396n], [442], [443n], [445], [446n–449n]
India, 12, i. 1, 107, 109, 167, 414, ii. [76], [78], [107], [115], [119], [236], [249];
horse trade to, i. 83, 86n;
trade to Manzi or China from, ii. [190], [216], [390], [395];
believed to breed no horses, [340], [342], [438], [450];
trade with Persia and Arabia, [370];
western limits of, [401], [402n];
islands of, [423], [425n];
division of, [424];
sundry lists of States, [426n–427n];
trade with Aden and Egypt, [438];
with Arabian ports, [442], [444], [450];
confusion of Ethiopia and, [432n]
India, the Greater, ii. [331] seqq., [401], [424]
—— its extent, ii. [425n], [426n]
—— the Lesser, ii. [424], [425n–426n]
—— Middle (Abyssinia), ii. [423], [427]
—— remarks on this title, ii. [431n]
—— Maxima, ii. [426n]
—— Tertia, ii. [425n]
—— Superior, ii. [426n]
—— Sea of, i. 35, 63, 108, 166, ii. [265], [424]
Indian drugs to prolong life, ii. [370n]
—— geography, dislocation of Polo’s, ii. [377n], [390n], [396n], [403n], [426n]
—— nuts, see [Coco-nut]
—— steel (ondanique), i. 93n
Indies, the Three, and their distribution, ii. [424], [426n]
Indifference, religious, of Mongol Emperors, i. 14n, 349n
Indigo, mode of manufacture at Coilum, ii. [375], [381n], [382n];
in Guzerat, [393];
Cambay, [398];
prohibited by London Painters’ Guild, [382n]
Indo-China, ii. [426n]
Indragiri River, ii. [283n]
Infants, exposure of, ii. [147], [151n]
Ingushes of Caucasus, i. 268n
Innocent IV., Pope, i. 62n
Inscription, Jewish, at Kaifungfu, i. 346n
Insult, mode of, in South India, ii. [371]
Intramural interment prohibited, i. 414
Invulnerability, devices for, ii. [259], [263n]
’Irák, i. 74, 84n, 86n, 145n
Irghai, i. 281n
Irish, accused of eating their dead kin, ii. [298n]
—— M.S. version of Polo’s Book, 102–103
Iron, in Kerman, i. 90, 92n, 93n, 94n;
in Cobinan, 125
Iron Gate (Derbend Pass), said to have been built by Alexander, i. 53n, 54n;
gate ascribed to, 57n, ii. [494]
Irtish River, ii. [493n]
Isaac, king of Abyssinia, ii. [432n], [433n]
Isabel, queen of Little Armenia, i. 42n
Isabeni, ii. [432n]
Isentemur (Sentemur, Essentemur), Kúblái’s grandson, ii. [64], [80n]
Ish, the prefix, i. 156n
’Ishin, i. 119n
Ish-Káshm, i. 156n, 172n;
dialect, 160n, 173n
Iskandar, Shah of Malacca, ii. [282n]
Islands, of the Indian Sea, ii. [249], [424], [426n];
of China, [251], [264];
in the Gulf of Cheinan, [266n];
Male and Female, [404] seqq.
Isle d’Orléans, ii. [277n]
Isle of Rubies (Ceylon), ii. [314n]
Ismaïl, Shah of Persia, i. 61n
Ismailites, see [Assassins]
Ispahan (Istanit, Istan, Spaan), kingdom of Persia, i. 83n, 85n
Israel in China, see [Jews]
Iteration, wearisome, ii. [133n]
I-tsing, ii. [283n]
Ivongo, ii. [414n]
Ivory trade, ii. [423], [424n]
’Izzuddín Muzaffar, suggests paper-money in Persia, i. 428n, 429n
Jacinth, ii. [362n]
Jacobite Christians, at Mosul, i. 46, 60, 61n, ii. [409n], [432n–433n];
at Tauris, i. 75, 77n;
Yarkand, 187;
perhaps in China, 291n
Jacobs, Joseph, Barlaam and Josaphat, ii. [327n]
Jadah, or Yadah-Tásh, i. 309n
Jade stone (jasper) of Khotan, i. 191, 193n, 194
Jaeschke, Rev. H. A., i. 209n, 243n, 314n, 324n
Jaffa, Count of, his galley, 40, 49
Jaipál, Raja, ii. [346n]
Jájnagar, ii. [427n]
Jaláluddín of Khwarizm, i. 91n, 236n
Jamáluddín-al-Thaibi, Lord of Kais, i. 65n, ii. [333n], [348n]
Jamáluddin, envoy from Ma’bar to Khanbaligh, ii. [337n]
Jambi River, ii. [283n]
James of Aragon, king, i. 273n, ii. [163n]
Jámisfulah (Gauenispola), ii. [307n]
Jamúi Khátún, Kúblái’s favourite Queen, her kindness to the captured Chinese princesses, i. 38n, 358n, ii. [151n]
Jangama sect, ii. [370n]
Janibeg, Khan of Sarai, i. 6n, 264n, 352n
Japan, see [Chipangu]
Japanese paper-money, i. 428n
Jaroslawl, ii. [489n]
Jase, stitched vessel, i. 117n
Jaspar (Gaspar), one of the Magi, i. 78, 82n
Jasper and chalcedony, i. 191, 193n
Jatolic, Játhalík, Jaselic, Gáthalík (καθολικός), i. 60, 61n
Jauchau, ii. [243n]
Jaúzgún, former captain of Badakhshan, i. 156n
Java, the Great, 13;
described, ii. [272];
circuit, empires in, [275n];
Kúblái’s expedition against, ib.
Java, the Greater and Lesser, meaning of these terms, ii. [286n]
Java, the Less, see [Sumatra]
Jawa, Jáwi, applied by Arabs to islands and products of the Archipelago generally, ii. [286n]
Jaya-Sinhavarman II., king of Champa, ii. [271n]
Jazirah, i. 61n
Jehangir (Jehan, Shah), i. 168n
Jenkinson, Anthony, i. 9n, 218n
Jerún (Zarun), island, site of the later Hormuz, i. 110n, 111n, 115n, 121n
Jerusalem, 130, i. 19
Jesuit maps, i. 408n
Jesujabus, Nestorian Patriarch, ii. [377n], [409n]
Jews, their test of Mahommed’s prophetic character, i. 56n;
shut up by Alexander, ib.;
their connection with the Tartars, 57n;
in China, their inscription at Kaifungfu, [343], 346n, 347n;
in Coilum, ii. [375];
in Abyssinia, [427], [431n], [434n]
Jibal, i. 81n
—— Naḳús, or “Hill of the Bell,” Sinai desert, i. 202n
Jibal-ul-Thabúl, “Hill of Drums,” near Mecca, i. 202n
Jiruft, i. 92n, 106n, 111n, 112n
Jogis (Chughi), ii. [365], [369n]
John XXII., Pope, i. 4n, 5n, 186n
Johnson, his visit to Khotan, i. 189n, 190n, 192n, 195n, 198n
Johnston, Keith, i. 81n, ii. [67n]
Johore, Sultan of, ii. [281n], [282n]
Jon (Jihon, or Oxus) River, ii. [458], [466]
Jordanus, Friar, i. 37n
Jor-fattan (Baliapatan), ii. [386n]
Josephus, i. 49n, 57n, 66n
Jubb River, ii. [424n]
Judi, Mount, i. 62n
Jugglers, at Khan’s feasts, i. 383, 386n, 392;
and gleemen conquer Mien, ii. [110], [114n]
Juggling extraordinary, i. 316n, 318 et seq.
Juji, eldest son of Chinghiz, 10, i. 5n, 239n
Juju (Cho-chau), ii. [10], [11n], [127], [131n]
Julman, ii. [485n]
Junghuhu, on Batta cannibalism, ii. [288n];
on camphor trees, [303n]
Junks, ii. [252n], [333n].
(See also [Ships].)
Jupár, i. 113n
Justice, administration of Tartar, i. 266
Justinian, Emperor, i. 49n
Juzgána (Dogana), i. 152n
Kaan, and Khan, the titles, 10
Kaan, the Great, see [Kúblái]
Kaans, the series of, and their burial place, i. 245, 247n–250n;
massacre of all met by funeral party, 246, 250n
Kabul, i. 104n, 165n, ii. [402n]
Kachkár (Ovis Vignei), wild sheep, i. 158, 163n
Kadapah, ii. [362n]
Ḳafchikúe, ii. [128n]
Káfirs of Hindu Kush, i. 165n;
their wine, 87n, 155n
Kahgyur, Tibetan Scripture, ii. [347n]
Kahn-i-Panchur, i. 106n
Kaidu (Caidu) Khan, Kúblái’s cousin and life-long opponent, 11, i. 183, 186n, 187, 214n, ii. [148n];
plots with Nayan, i. 333, 334n, 348;
his differences with Kúblái, ii. [457];
and constant aggressions, [457–458];
his death, [459n];
his victorious expedition v. Kúblái, [459];
Kúblái’s resentment, [463];
his daughter’s valour, [463] seqq., [465n];
sends a host v. Abaga, [467]
Kaifung-fu, Jews and their synagogues there, i. 346n, 347n;
siege of, ii. [158n]
Kaikhátú (Kiacatu), Khan of Persia, seizes throne, i. 35, 38n;
his paper-money scheme, 428n;
his death, 428, ii. [475];
his dissolute character, i. 91n, ii. [475]
Kaïkhosru I. and III., Seljukian dynasty, i. 44n
Kaïkobad I. and III., i. 44n
Kaikus, Izz ed-din, i. 44n
Káil, see [Cail]
Kaïn (Gháín), a city of Persia, i. 86n, 124n, 141n
Kaipingfu (Keibung, Kaiminfu, Kemenfu), i. 25, 227n, 304n, 306n
Kairat-ul-Arab, i. 112n
Kais, see [Kish]
Kaisaríya (Caesaræa, Casaria), i. 43, 44n, 49n
Kajjala, or Khajlak, a Mongol leader, i. 104n
Kakateya, dynasty, ii. [362n]
Kakhyens, Kachyens, tribe in Western Yun-nan, ii. [74n], [82n], [90n], [120n]
Ḳakula, ii. [279n]
Kala’ Atishparastán (Cala Ataperistan), “The Castle of the Fire-Worshippers”), i. 78, 82n
Kala’ Safed, i. 85n
Kalaján (Calachan), i. 281, 282n
Kalámúr, ii. [427n]
Kalantan, ii. [279n]
Ḳalchi, Ḳalaḳchi, i. 380n
Kales Devar, king of Ma’bar, ii. [333n], [335n];
his enormous wealth, [333n]
Kalgan, or Chang-kia-keu, i. 295n
Kalhát (Kalhátú, Calatu, Calaiate), i. 120n, ii. [348n];
described, [449–450], [451n];
idiom of, [451n]
Kalidása, the poet, on the Yak, i. 278n
Kalikut, ii. [386n], [391n], [440n]
Ḳálín, marriage prices, i. 256n, 392n
Kalinga, ii. [329n], [330n]
Kalinjar, ii. [426n]
Kalmia angustifolia, poisonous, i. 219n
Kamál Malik, i. 68n
Ḳamárah, Ḳomar, ii. [279n]
Kamasal (Conosalmi), Kahn-i-asal, “The honey canal,” i. 99, 106n
Kambala, Kúblái’s grandson, i. 361n
Kambáyat (Cambay), ii. [398n]
Kamboja (Chinla), ii. [134n], [278n], [374n]
Kampar, district and River, Buddhist ruins, ii. [283n]
Kamul (Komal, Camul), the Mongol Khamil, Chinese Hami, i. 209, 211n, 214n
Kanát, or Kárez, underground stream, i. 123, 124n
Kanát-ul-Shám (Conosalmi), i. 106n
Kanauj, ii. [427n]
Ḳanbălú Island, ii. [414n]
Kanchau (Campichu), i. 219, 220n
Ḳandahár, Ḳandar, Gandhára, ii. [72n], [73n], [329n], [402n]
Kandy, ii. [328n]
Kanerkes, or Kanishka, king, i. 168n;
coins of, 173n
Kang-hi, Emperor, i. 251n, 407n, ii. [8n], [182n]
Kank, i. 194n, 195n
Kanp’u (Ganpu), old Port of Hang-chau, ii. [198n], [199n]
Kansan, see [Shen-si]
Kansuh, i. 206n, 220n
Kao Hoshang, i. 422n
Kao-Tsung, Emperor, ii. [28n]
Kao-yu (Cayu), ii. [153n]
Kapilavastu, ii. [322n]
Kapukada, Capucate, ii. [380n]
Ḳarábughá, Carabya, Calabra, a military engine, ii. [168n]
Kará Hulun, ii. [485n]
Karájáng (Carajan, or Yun-nan), ii. [64], [67n], [72n], [73n], [80n]
Karákásh (“black jade”) River, i. 193n
Karákhitaian Empire, i. 231n
—— Princes of Kerman, i. 91n
Kará Khoja, i. 214n
Karakorum (Caracoron), i. 66n, 226, 227n, 269, ii. [460]
Kara Kumiz, special kind of Kumiz, i. 259n
Karámúren (Caramoran) River, Mongol name for the Hwang-ho, or Yellow River, i. 245n, 282n, 286n, ii. [22], [23n]
Karana, meaning of, i. 101n
Karáni (vulgo Cranny), i. 101n
Karanút, a Mongol sept, i, 101n
Ḳaraún Jidun, or Khidun, i. 101n
Karaunahs (Caraonas), a robber tribe, i. 98, 101n, 121n
Karavat, an instrument for self-decollation, ii. [349n]
Karens, ii. [74n]
Karmathian, heretics, i. 187n
Karnúl, ii. [362n]
Karráh, ii. [427n]
Karra-Mánikpúr, i. 86n
Kartazōnon, Karkaddan, rhinoceros, ii. [291n]
Kaṣaidi Arabs, ii. [443n]
Kash, jade, i. 193n
Kashan, i. 81n
Káshgar (Cascar), i. 180, 182n;
Chankans of, 193n, ii. [594n]
Kashísh (Casses), i. 70n, ii. [409n]
Kashmír (Keshimur), i. 104n, 164n, 166;
Buddhism, 166, 168n;
beauty of the women, 166, 169n;
conjurers, 166, 168n;
the language of, 168n;
sorcery in, ii. [593]
Kashmiris, i. 76n, 166
Kasia, people and hills, ii. [59n]
Kasyapa Buddha, ii. [356n]
Kataghan, breed of horses, i. 162n
Ḳaṭar pirates, ii. [409n]
Kátif, ii. [348n]
Kattiawár, ii. [395n];
pirates, [400n]
Kaulam, see [Coilum]
Kaulam-Malé, ii. [377n]
Kauli (Cauly), Corea, i. 343, 345n
Kaunchi (Conchi), Khan, ii. [479], [481n]
Káveripattanam, ii. [335n]
Káveri River, delta of, ii. [335n]
Kavir, saline swamp, i. 124n
Kavváyi, ii. [388n]
Káyal, Káil, see [Cail]
—— Pattanam, ii. [372n]
—— Punnei-, ii. [372n]
Kayten, ii. [234n]
Kazan, i. 6n, 7n
Kazáwinah, i. 101n
Kazbek, i. 54n
Kazvín (Casvin), i. 83, 84n, 101n, 141n
Keary, C. F., i. 429n
Kebteul, night-watch, i. 381n
Kehran, ii. [426n]
Keiaz tribe, i. 179n
Keibung (Kaipingfu), i. 25, 227n, 304n, 306n
Kelinfu (Kienning-fu), City, its bridges, ii. [225], [228n], [229n], [234n]
Kemenfu, see [Kaipingfu]
Kenjanfu (Si-ngan fu), ii. [24], [25n], [27n–29n]
Keraits, a great Tartar tribe, i. 236n, 237n, 271n, 287n, 288n
Kerala, ii. [390n]
Keria, see [Kiria]
Keriza River, ii. [595n]
Kermán, i. 89n, 90, 109, 110, ii. [452];
route to Hormus from, i. 91, 107, 110;
steel manufacture, its industries, 96n;
king of, Atabeg of, 107, 110;
stitched vessels of, 117n;
desert of, 123, 124n
Kerulen (K’i-lien) valley, the Khans’ burial-ground, i. 248n
Keshican (Keshikten), Kúblái’s life-guard, i. 379, 380n, 381n, 394n
Kesmacoran (Kij-Makrán), i. 86n, ii. [401], [402n];
Kij-Makrán, [402n]
Keuyung Kwan, village, i. 28n
Khakán, the word, 10
Khalif (Calif) Mosta’Sim Billah of Baghdad, i. 63;
taken by Hulákú and starved to death, 64;
plot v. the Christians laid by a former—the miracle of the mountain, 69–73;
becomes secretly a Christian, 73
Khalíj, ii. [439n]
Khàm, stuff made with cotton thread, i. 190n
Khambavati (Cambay), ii. [398n]
Khanabad (Dogana?), i. 156n
Khán Bádshah of Khotan, i. 189n
Khánbalík, see [Cambaluc]
Khanfu, ii. [199n]
Khanikoff, N. de (travels in Persia), i. 49n, 53n, 58n, 74n, 89n, 91n, 92n, 96n, 101n, 106n, 114n, 121n, 124n, 141n, 150n, 193n
Khanjár-i-Hundwán, hanger of Indian steel, i. 93n
Khán-khánán, a title, 10
Khanoolla (Mount Royal), site of Chinghiz’s tomb, i. 247n
Khansâ, ii. [199n], [214n]
Kharesem, Mount, i. 155n
Khato-tribe, ii. [120n]
Khátún-gol, or “Lady’s River,” i.e. Hwang-ho, i. 245n, 249n
Khatun, title of Khan’s wives, 10
Khavailu (Hwo-lu h’ien), ii. [15n]
Khazars, the, i. 7n, ii. [492n]
Khilak, i. 54n
Khimka, ii. [238n]
Khinsá, Khingsai, Khinzai, ii. [144n], [175n], [214n].
(See [Kinsay].)
Khitan, Khitai, 11
—— character, i. 28n
—— dynasty of Liao, i. 232n, 288n, ii. [20n]
Khmer, ii. [279n]
Khodabanda, Ilkhan of Kermán, i. 91n, 103n
Khojas, name of modern Ismailite sect, i. 146n, 163n
Khorasan, province, i. 38n, 128n, 131n, 135n, 150n, ii. [467n], [474n];
turquoises of, i. 92n
Khormuzda, supreme deity of the Tartars, i. 257n
Khotan (Cotan), i. 188, 195n, 197n, ii. [594n], [595n];
fruits, i. 190n;
routes between China and, 191n;
buried cities of, 192n;
its jade, 193n
Khumbavati (Cambay), ii. [398n]
Khumdán, ii. [27n]
Khusrú, Amír, Indian poet, i. 48n, 96n, 104n
Khutuktai Setzen, Prince of the Ordos, i. 257n
Khwarizm, i. 9n
Kiacatu, see [Kaikhátú]
Kiahing (Ciangan, Canigan), ii. [185n]
Kiai- or Hiai-chau (Caichu), ii. [19n]
Kiakhta, i. 56n, 218n
Kia-k’ing, Emperor, ii. [143n]
Kiang, the Great (Kian and Kian-Suy, and in its highest course Brius, the Kinsha Kiang), ii. [36], [56], [59n], [60n], [64], [67n], [69n], [70n], [72n], [129n–131n], [149n], [154n];
its vastness, and numerous craft, [170], [171], [173n];
steamers on, [173n], [174n];
its former debouchure to the south, and changes, i. [199n]
Kiang-Ché, ii. [157n], [217n], [224n];
limits of, [218n]
Kiang-Hung, Xieng-Hung, ii. [117n], [127n–129n], [131n]
Kiangka, ii. [48n]
Kiang-mai, Xieng-mai, Zimmé, ii. [117n], [128n], [279n]
Kiangshan, ii. [224n]
Kiangsi, ii. [228n]
Kiang-su, ii. [135n]
Kiang-suy (-shui) River, ii. [36], [40n]
Kiangtheu, ii. [105n], [111n], [113n]
Kiang-Tung, ii. [117n], [279n]
Kiao-chi (Tungking), Chinese etymology of, ii. [119n], [128n]
Kia Tsing, Emperor, a great bridge builder, ii. [6n]
Kichau Castle, ii. [26n]
Kieh-Ch’a, ii. [283n]
K’ien-ch’ang, Kiung-tu (Caindu), ii. [70n–72n]
Kien-chau, ii. [232n]
Kien-Kwé, ii. [232n]
Kien-lung, Emperor, ii. [8n], [196n]
Kien-ning fu (Kelinfu), ii. [228n]
Kiepert, Map of Asia, i. 197n
Kij-Makrán (Kesmacoran), i. 86n
Kila’-i-Gabr, “Gueber Castle,” i. 81n, 82n
Kilimanchi River, ii. [424n]
Kiming shan Mountains, gold and silver mines, i. 295n
Kimiz, kumiz (kemiz), mare’s milk,
—Tartar beverage, i. 257, 259n
Kin, or Golden Dynasty in N. China, 12, i. 28n, 231n, 288n, ii. [8n], [19n], [168n], [190n];
their paper-money, i. 426n, 430n;
story of their Golden King, ii. [17–22]
Kincha, Chinese name for Kipchak, ii. [179n]
Kin-Chi, or Gold-Teeth (Zardandan), [84–90n]
King of the Abraiaman, ii. [364]
—— of England, Kúblái’s message to, i. 34;
intercourse with Mongol princes, 36n, ii. [177n]
—— of France, Kúblái’s message to, i. 34
—— of Spain, Kúblái’s message to, i. 34, ii. [477n]
—— Rev. C. W., i. 370n
Kings of Maabar, the five brothers, ii. [331], [333n], [334n], [337n], [338–339], [370], [371];
their mother’s efforts to check their broils, [371]
—— subordinate, or Viceroys, in China, i. 360, 361n, ii. [24], [64], [76], [79n], [190], [199n]
—— Tartar, of the Ponent, ii. [490], [492n]
Kingsmill, T. W., ii. [154n], [184n], [194n], [220n]
King-tê-chên, porcelain manufacture, ii. [243n]
K’ing-yüan (Ning-po), ii. [238n]
Kin-hwa fu, ii. [222n]
Kinki, Kimkhá, ii. [238n]
Kinsay (King-szé, or “Capital,” Khansá, Khinsá, Khingsai, Khanzai, Cansay, Campsay), formerly Lin-ngan now Hang-chau fu, 11, ii. [146], [149n], [193n];
its surrender to Bayan, [146], [149n];
extreme public security, [147];
alleged meaning of the name, [182], [184n], [185];
described, [185–208];
bridges, [185], [187], [194n];
hereditary trades, guilds and wealthy craftsmen and their dainty wives, [186], [196n];
the lake, islands and garden-houses, [186], [187], [196n];
stone-towers—inhabitants’ clothing and food, [187], [197n–198n];
guards and police regulations, [187–188];
fires, [188];
alarm towers, paved streets, [189];
revenue, [189], [190], [215], [216], [217n], [218n];
pavements, public baths, port of Ganfu, [189], [198n], [199n];
the province and other provinces of Manzi, garrisons, [190], [200n];
horoscopes, funeral rites, [191], [200n];
palace of the expelled king, [192];
church, house registers, [192], [200n];
hostel regulations, [193];
canals, [200];
markets and squares, [201], [209n];
fruits and fish shops, [202], [210n];
women of the town, physicians and astrologers, courts of justice, [203];
vast consumption of pepper, [204], [210n];
inhabitants’ character—their behaviour to women and foreigners, [204], [210n], [211n];
hatred of soldiers, [205];
pleasures on the lake and in carriage excursions, [205], [211n];
palace of the king, [206];
the king’s effeminacy and ruin, [207–208], [211n];
tides, [208n];
plan of, [209n];
notices by various writers of, [213n];
wealth of, [245n];
ships, [255], [260n]
Kin-sha Kiang, “River of Golden Sands” (upper branch of Great Kiang, Brius), ii. [36], [56], [64], [67n], [69n], [70n], [72n]
Kinshan, see [Golden Island]
Kinto, or Hintu, Mongol general, ii. [260n]
Kipchak (Ponent), Southern Russia, events related by Polo in, 23, i. 5, 6n, ii. [490] seqq.;
sovereigns, [492n];
people of, [493n];
extent of empire, ib.
Kirghiz Kazak, i. 313n
Kirghiz, the, i. 162n, 176n, 309n, ii. [362n]
Kiria, i. 192n, 195n, ii. [595n]
Kirk, Sir John, and Raphia palm, ii. [597n]
Kis, Kish, or Kais (Kisi), now Ghes, or Kem, island in Persian Gulf, i. 63, 64n, 83, 452;
merchants, ii. [340];
described, [453n]
Kishik, Kishikan, Kizik, Keshikchi, see [Keshican]
Kishm (Casem), i. 153, 155n, 156n, 173n
—— or Brakht (Oaracta), island in the Persian Gulf, i. 115n, 121n
Kistna River, ii. [362n]
Kitubuka, General, i. 85n
Kiu-chau, ii. [222n]
Kiulan (Quilon), see [Coilum]
Kizil Irmak, the, i. 45n
Kizil River, i. 54n
Kneeling oxen, i. 97, 99n
Kobad, the Sassanian, i. 53n
Kobdo, i. 215n
Koh-Banán (Cobinan), i. 125
Koja (Coja), a Tartar envoy from Persia, i. 32, 33n, 38n
Kokcha River, i. 154n–156n, 162n
Kok-Tash, greenstone of Samarkand, i. 187n
Kolastri, or Kolatiri Rajas, ii. [387n]
Ko-li-ki-sze, i. 289n
Kolkhoi of Ptolemy, identified, ii. [373n]
Kollam, see [Coilum]
Koloman, see [Coloman]
Kolyma, bird-hunting at, i. 272n
Κώμακον, ii. [391n]
Ḳomár, ii. [279n], [383n]
Κομάρια ἄκρον, ii. [382n]
Konár tree, Marco Polo’s apples of Paradise, i. 99n
Kondachi, 337n
Konkan, Konkan-Tána, ii. [367n], [390n], [396n]
Korano, epithet on Indo-Scythic coins, i. 101n
Korea, History of, ii. [262n]
Koresh king, i. 82n
Kornish, or K’o-tow (Khén-théu), i. 391, 393n
Kosakio, a general against Japan, ii. [260n]
Kosseir, ii. [439n]
Kotcheres, Kurds of Mosul, i. 62n
Kotlogh, or Kutlugh, Sultan of Kerman, i. 91n
Kotlogh Shah, the Chaghataian prince, i. 104n, 121n
Kotrobah Island, ii. [409n]
Kouyunjik, sculptures at, i. 100n
Kozlov, Lieutenant K. P., on the Lob-nor, i. 199n
Kuang-chou, ii. [239n]
Kúbenán (Cobinan), a Kuh-banán “Hill of the Terebinths or Wild Pistachios,” i. 123, 124n
Kúblái (Cublay), Káán, the Great Khán, i. 8n, 10, 11, 12, 15;
his envoys meet the two elder Polos, 10;
receives and questions the Polos, 11, 12;
sends them as envoys to the Pope, 13;
his desire for Christian teachers, and for oil from the lamp in the Holy Sepulchre, 13, 14;
gives them a Golden Tablet, 15;
his reception of the three Polos, 26;
sends Marco on an embassy, 27;
Marco grows in favour, 30;
allows the Polos to depart with Tablets of Authority, 33–35;
rumour of his death, 38n;
sends a napkin of asbestos to the Pope, 213;
his greatness and power, 246, 247n, 331;
his milk libations, 300;
his inscription at Shangtu, 304n;
Chinghiz’s prophecy, 331n;
his lineage, age, and accession, 332;
Nayan’s revolt, 333;
Nayan’s defeat and death, 336–343;
rebukes anti-Christian gibes, 344;
returns to Cambaluc, 348;
treats four religions with equal respect, 348n;
his views on Christianity, 349n;
how he rewards his captains, 350;
his personal appearance, 356;
his wives and ladies-in-waiting, 356–358;
his palace at Cambaluc, 362;
builds Cambaluc city, 374;
his bodyguard, 379;
order of his feasts, 381;
celebration of his birthday, 387;
his distribution of robes, 387, 394;
his New Year’s feast, 390;
his elephants, 391;
the K’o-tow, 391, 393n;
adopts Chinese ancestor-worship, 392n;
his game laws, 396;
his hunting establishment, 397;
his masters of hounds, 400;
how he goes a-hunting, 402;
how his year is spent, 410;
Ahmad’s influence, oppression, and death, 416–420;
his treatment of Mahomedans, 422n;
his mint and paper-money, 423;
his purchase of valuables, 425;
his twelve great Barons, 430;
his posts and runners, 433;
remission of taxes, 439, 443;
his justice, 440n;
a tree planter, 440;
his store of corn, 443;
charity to the poor, 445;
his astrologers, 446;
gaol deliveries, and prohibition of gambling, 457;
his early campaign in Yun-nan, ii. [46n], [79], [80n];
and the king of Mien and Bangala, [98], [110], [114n];
Litan’s plot, [136];
sends Bayan to invade Manzi, [145];
his dealings with Bayan, [148n], [149n];
satisfied with the Polo’s mangonels, [159];
appoints Mar Sarghis governor of Chinghian-fu, [177];
the city of Kinsay, [186–190];
his revenue from Kinsay, [215];
from Zayton, [235];
his expedition against Chipangu (Japan), [255];
sends force against Chamba, [267], [270n];
attempts to gain Java, [272], [275n];
his death, [275n];
sends to buy Ceylon ruby, [313], [315n];
sends for religions of Sakya, [319];
testifies to miraculous powers of Sakya’s dish, [320];
intercourse with Ma’bar, [337n];
with Kaulam, [378n];
missions to Madagascar, [412–413];
Kaidu’s wars with him, [457] seqq.
—— Khan, territories and people subject to (Turkistan), i. 180, 188, 191, 196;
(Tangut and Mongolia), 203, 212, 217, 269, 274, 281, 284, 285;
(Tibetan frontier and Yun-nan), ii. [50], [53], [64], [109], [116], [119], [122];
(Western China), [124], [127];
(N. Eastern China), [132], [135], [138], [140], [141];
(Manzi), [151–153];
(Sinju), [170];
(Caiju), [174];
Chinghian-fu, [176];
(Chinginju), [178];
(Suju), [181];
(Tanpigu), [218];
(Chonka), [231];
(Zayton), [234];
(Chamba), [267];
(Sumatra), [272], [285], [292], [299]
Kuché character, i. 211n
Kudatku Bilik, an Uíghúr poem, i. 28n
Kuhistan, or Hill country of Persia, i. 86n
Kúkachin, see [Cocachin]
Kúkin-Tána, ii. [396n]
Kukju (Genkju), Kúblái’s son, i. 361n
Kuku-Khotan (Blue Town), depôt for Mongolian trade with China, i. 278n, 286n, 287n
Ku-kwan, Customs’ Barrier, ii. [14n]
Kuláb, lions in, i. 152n;
Salt Mines, 154n
Kulan, Asinus Onager, the Gor Khar of Persia, i. 89n
Kulasaikera, ii. [335n]
Kumár, see [Ḳomár]
Kumhări, Kumari, see [Comari]
Kumiz, kimiz (kemiz), Mare’s milk, Tartar beverage, i. 257, 259n, 300;
sprinkling of, 308n, 309n, 385n, 411
Kummájar, ii. [491n]
Kúnbúm Monastery, i. 319n
Kunduz, i. 152n, 154n
Kunduz (beaver or sable), i. 410n
Kunduz-Baghlán, i. 86n
Kung-ki-cheng (Fei-ch’eng), ii. [6n], [8n]
Kunguráts, Kunkuráts (Ungrat), a Mongol tribe, i. 38n, 101n, 359n, 360
Kunichi (Cunichi, or Chinuchi), “The Keepers of the Mastiff Dogs,” i. 400
Kuniyah (Conia), Iconium, Koniah, i. 43, 44n 356n
Kunlun (Pulo Condore), ii. [277n]
Kurd dynasty, i. 85n
Kurdistan (Curdistan), i. 9n, 62n, 83, 84n
Kurds, the, i. 60, 62n, 85n
Kúreh-i-Ardeshír (Kuwáshír), i. 91n
Kuria Maria Islands, ii. [405n]
Kuridai, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n
Kúrkah, great drum, i. 340n, 341n
Kurmishi, ii. [474n]
Kurshids of Lúristán, i. 85n
Kurut (Curd), i. 262, 265n
Kus, Cos (in Egypt), ii. [439n]
Kushluk, the Naiman, ii. [20n]
Kutan, son of Okkodai, ii. [32n]
Kutchluk Khan (Buddhist), Chief of the Naïmans, i. 188n
Kutuktemur, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n
Kutulun, Princess, ii. [465n]
Kuwinji, see [Kaunchi]
Kuyuk Khan, i. 14n, 245, 247n
Kwa-chau (Caiju), at mouth of Great Canabon Yang-tse-Kiang, ii. [144n], [175n]
Kwan Hsien, ii. [41n]
Kwansinfu, ii. [221n], [224n]
Kwawa, i.e. Java, etymology, ii. [119n]
Kwei-chau (Cuiju), ii. [82n], [124n], [127n], [129n]
Kwei-hwa-ch’eng, or Kuku Khotan, i. 278n, 286n, 287n
Kweilei River, i. 345n
Kyŭng-sang province, ii. [262n]
Lac (Wallachia), Lacz, i. 54n, ii. [487], [489n], [490], [491n]
Ladies’ dresses in Badakhshan, i. 160, 163n
Ladies of Kinsay, ii. [186]
Lagong, ii. [279n]
Lahore (Dalivar, Dilivar), i. 99, 104n, 105n, ii. [426n], [427n]
Lahsá, ii. [348n]
Lájwurd mines, i. 162n
Lake, Caindu, ii. [53], [72n]
—— Fanchau, ii. [29n]
—— Kinsay, ii. [186], [196n], [200], [214n]
—— of Palace at Cambaluc, i. 365, 370n
—— Pleasure parties on, ii. [205], [211n]
—— Talifu, ii. [80]
—— Yunnan-fu, ii. [66]
Laknaoti, ii. [427n]
Lakshamana Deva, king of Kashmir, i. 104n
Lamas of Tibetan Buddhism, i. 28n;
their superstitions and rites, 204, 207n, 220, 221n–223n, 301, 302, 314n, 315n;
their monasteries, 303, 319n;
marriage, 303, 319n.
(See also [Bakhshi].)
Lambri, kingdom of, ii. [299], [300n], [306], [307n];
situation of, [301n]
Lances of Sago Palm, ii. [305n]
Lanchang, ii. [279n]
Land of Darkness, ii. [484] seqq.;
market in, [486n]
Langdarma, i. 168n, 170n
Langting Balghasun, i. 306n
Languages used in Mongol Court and administration, i. 27, 28n–30n
Lan-Ho, i. 305
Lanja Bálús, or Lankha bálús, ii. [308n]
Lanka (Ceylon), ii. [320n]
Lan Ki Hien (Nan-Che-hien), ii. [222n], [224n]
Lanner Falcons, i. 158, 162n, ii. [50]
Lan-tsang kiang (Mekong) River, ii. [88n], [128n]
Lao-Kiun, or Lao-Tseu, the Philosopher, i. 322n, 325n, 326n
Laos, people of, ii. [91n], [117n], [120n], [128n]
Lar, or Láṭ-desa, ii. [367n]
—— province, ii. [363], [367n], [403n]
Latin version of Polo’s Book, 63, 81, 90, 95, 100
Latins, the term, i. 10, 12, 32
Latsé, Tibetan for musk, i. 279n
Lauredano, Agnes, ii. [520n]
Laurus Camphora, ii. [237n]
Lawek, Lawáki, ii. [278n–279n]
Laxities of marriage customs, see [Marriage]
Layard, Mr., i. 85n
Layas, see [Ayas]
—— Gulf of, i. 17n
Leather, i. 395, 398;
embroidered mats of Guzerat, 393–394, 395n
Leaves, used for plates, ii. [365];
green leaves said to have a soul, [366]
Lecomte on Chinese war vessels, i. 37n
Lembeser, Ismaelite fortress, i. 146n
Lenzin, ii. [141n]
Leon I., king of Lesser Armenia, i. 42n
Leon II., king of Lesser Armenia, i. 44n
Leon III., king of Lesser Armenia, i. 25n
Leon VI., last king of Lesser Armenia, i. 42n
Leopards, ii. [282], [411], [431];
taught to sit on horseback, i. 299;
(Cheetas) kept for the Chase by Kúblái, 397
Lepechin, Professor, i. 9n
Le Strange, Guy, i. 67n, 92n
Leung Shan, i. 245n
Levant, term applied by Polo to the kingdom of the Mongol Khans, i. 1, 5, 8n, 10, 32, 36, 44, 63, 84, 246, 270, ii. [50], [376], [466], [477], [491], [494]
Lewchew, ii. [391n]
Lewis, see [St. Lewis]
Lewis XI. and XII. (France), i. 398n
Lew-sha, old Chinese name for Lop Desert, i. 198n, 201n
Leyes, see [Ayas]
Lhása, ii. [45n], [70n], [74n];
Labrang Monastery at, i. 319n
Li, Chinese measure, supposed to be confounded with miles, ii. [193n], [194n], [209n]
Liampo (Ningpo), ii. [228n], [239n]
Liang, or tael, i. 426n, 427n
Liang-chau in Kansuh, i. 29n, 276n, 281n
Liao dynasty, 12, i. 232n, 288n
Liao-tong, i. 289n, 334n, 345n
Libanos, Λιβανοφόρος and Λιβανωτοφόρος χώρα, ii. [445n–446n]
Libro d’Oro, 14
Licinius, Emperor, i. 45n
Lidé (Liti), ii. [297n], [305n]
Lieuli Ho, ii. [6n]
Lign-aloes (eagle-wood), ii. [87], [268];
etymology, [271n];
in Sumatra, [284], [287n]
Ligor, ii. [278n]
Ligurium, the precious stone, Liguire, i. 398n
Li H’ien, Tartar ruler of Tangut, i. 206n
Likamankwas of Abyssinian kings, ii. [348n]
Li-kiang fu, ii. [73n], [90n]
Limyrica, ii. [408n]
Lindley, i. 99n
Lindsay, Hon. R., ii. [46n], [74n]
Linga, ii. [370n]
Linju, ii. [140], [141n]
Lin-ngan (Hang-chau), ii. [149n], [195n]
Lin-ngan in Yun-nan, ii. [120n], [122n], [129n]
Lintching-y, or Lingchinghien, ii. [141n]
Lin-t’sing chau, ii. [139n]
Lion and Sun, i. 352n
Lions, black, ii. [376], [382n], [422]
—— on the Oxus, i. 151;
Chinese notion of, i. 399n
—— (apparently for tigers) kept for the chase by Kúblái, i. 397, ii. [31], [42], [56], [214], [219];
skins of striped, i. 405;
how hunted with dogs, ii. [126].
(See also [Tigers].)
Lion’s Head Tablets, i. 35, 350, 352n
Lire, various Venetian, 66, 71, ii. [591n–592n]
—— of gold, 73
Lisbon, ii. [391n]
Lissu, or Lisau tribe, ii. [60n], [90n]
Litai, ii. [301n]
Litan, rebellion of, i. 313n, ii. [136], [138n]
Lithang, ii. [48n], [56n], [67n]
Little Orphan Rock, ii. [174n]
Liu Pang, founder of 1st Han dynasty, ii. [32n]
Liu Pei (Luo Pé), of the Han dynasty, ii. [32n], [38n]
Livre des Merveilles, 121, ii. [527n]
Livres of gold, ii. [442]
—— Parisis, 90, ii. [590n]
—— Tournois, i. 83, 86n, ii. [590n]
Li Yuan-hao, founder of the Hsi Hsia dynasty, Tangut, i. [206n]
Lo, tribes of S.W. China so-called, ii. [123n], [124n], [129n]
—— Chinese name of part of Siam, ii. [278n]
Lob, see [Lop]
Locac, kingdom of, ii. [276], [277n–280n]
Lockhart, Dr. W., i. 372n, 377n, ii. [8n], [27n], [82n], [124n]
Lokok, ii. [278n–280n]
Lolo tribes, ii. [60n–63n], [69n], [70n], [123n]
Longevity of Brahmins and Jogis, ii. [365], [369n]
Longfellow, i. 67n
Lop, city and lake, i. 194, 196;
desert, 196, 197
Lophāburi, ii. [278n]
Loping, ii. [129n], [130]
Lor, see Lúristan
Lord, Dr. Percival, i. 160n
Löss, brownish-yellow loam, ii. [14n]
Loups cerviers (lynx), i. 398n
Low castes, ii. [349–350n]
Lowatong River, ii. [130n]
Loyang, Bridge of, ii. [241n]
Lubán, ii. [446n], [449n]
Lubán-Jáwi, ii. [286n]
Lubán-Shehri, ii. [449n]
Lubbies, ii. [372n]
Lucky and unlucky hours and days, ii. [364], [368n]
Luddur Deo, ii. [362n]
Luh-ho-ta Pagoda, Hang-chau, ii. [193n], [194n]
Lukon-Kiao (Hun-ho, Pulisanghin River), ii. [5n], [6n], [8n]
Lukyn Port, ii. [279n], [280n]
Lung-yin ii. [224n]
Lúristan (Lor, Lur), kingdom of Persia, i. 83, 84n;
Great and Little, 85n;
character of Lurs or people of, 87n
Lusignan, John de, i. 42n
Lút, Desert of (Dasht-i-Lut), i. 124n, 127, 128n
Lu-tzŭ tribe, ii. [82n]
Lynxes, trained to hunt, i. 397, 398n;
in Cuncun, ii. [31]
Ma Twan-lin, the Chinese Pliny, i. 100n, 201n
Maaden, turquoise mines at, i. 92n
Maatum, or Nubia, ii. [431n]
Ma’bar (Maabar, i.e. Coromandel coast), province of India, ii. [331], [332n], [338];
its brother kings, [331], [333n], [335n], [370], [371];
pearl fishery, [331], [335n], [337n];
etymology, [332n];
limits, [333n];
obscurity of history, [334n];
port visited by Polo, [335n];
nakedness of people, king, his jewels, [338–346];
his wives, “Trusty Lieges,” treasure, [339], [347n];
horses imported, [340];
superstitious customs, [340];
ox-worship, [341];
Govis, ib.;
no horses bred, [342], [350n];
other customs, [342];
mode of arrest for debt, [343], [350n];
great heat, [343];
regard for omens, [344], [351n];
astrology, treatment of boys, [344];
birds, girls consecrated to idols, [345], [351n];
customs in sleeping, [346], [352n];
ships at Madagascar, [412]
Macartney’s Map, i. 173n, 292n
Macgregor, Sir C., “Journey through Khorasan,” i. 86n, 89n
Máchin, city of (Canton), ii. [175n]
Máchin, Maháchin (Great China), used by Persian writers as synonymous with Manzi, ii. [35n], [144n], [175n]
Maclagan, Major-General (R.E.), i. 105n, 155n
Madagascar (Madeigascar), ii. [411], [413n];
confused with Magadoxo, [414n];
etymology, [414n];
traces of ancient Arab colonisation, [414n]
Mádái, Madavi, Maudoy, ii. [387n], [388n]
Madjgars, ii. [491n–492n]
Madar-Des, Eastern Panjáb, i. 104n
Madras, ii. [355n], [403n]
Madura, ii. [333n], [334n], [335n]
Maestro, or Great Bear, said to be invisible in Sumatra, ii. [292], [296n]
Magadha, ii. [356n]
Magadoxo, confused with Madagascar, ii. [414n]
Magapatana, near Ceylon, ii. [283n]
Magi, the three, i. 78–80;
legend as told by Mas’udi, 82n;
source of fancies about, 82n;
names assigned to, 83n
Magic, of Udyana, i. 164n;
Lamaitic, 301, 314n.
(See also [Sorcerers].)
Magical darkness (dry fog and dust storms), i. 98, 105n
Magnet, Mount, ii. [418n]
Magyars, ii. [491n–492n]
Mahar Amlak, king of Abyssinia, ii. [436n]
Mahávan, ii. [426n]
Mahmúd Kalháti, prince of Hormuz, i. 121n
Mahmúd of Ghazni, i. 106n
Mahmúdíah Canal, ii. [439n]
Mahomed (Mahommet), his account of Gog and Magog, i. 56n;
his Paradise, 140;
his alleged prophecy of the Mongols, 265n;
his use of mangonels, ii. [164n]
Mahomed, supposed worship of idols of, i. 189n
—— II., uses the old engines of war, ii. [163n], [166n]
—— Tarabi, 106n
—— Tughlak of Delhi, his copper token currency, [429n]
—— Shah of Malacca, ii. [282n]
Mahomedan revolts in China, ii. [29n], [74n], [80n]
—— conversion of Malacca, [282n]
—— conversion of states in Sumatra, [284], [288n], [294n], [295n], [300n–303n]
—— butchers in Kashmir, i. 167
—— butchers in Maabar, ii. [342]
—— king of Kayal, [374n]
—— merchants at Kayal, [372n]
—— settlements on Abyssinian coast, [434n]
Mahomedans (Saracens), i. 414, 418;
in Turcomania, 43;
in and near Mausul, 60;
their universal hatred of Christians, 68, 72;
in Tauris, 75;
in Persia, 84;
their hypocrisy about wine, 87n;
at Yezd, 88;
Hormuz, 108;
Cobinan, 125;
Tonocain, 128;
Sapurgan, 149;
Taican, 153;
Badakhshan, 157;
Wakhan, etc., 170;
Kashgar, 180;
strife with Christians in Samarkand, 183;
Yarkand, 187;
Khotan, 188;
Pein, 191;
Charchan, 194;
Lop, 196;
Tangut, 203;
Chingintalas, 212;
Kanchau, 219, 263;
Sinju, 274;
Egrigaia, 281;
Tenduc, their half-breed progeny, 284;
in northern frontier of China, alleged origin of, 288n;
their gibes at Christians, 343;
Kúblái’s dislike of, 420, 422n;
in Yun-nan, ii. [66], [67n], [74n];
in Champa, [268n];
in Sumatra, [284], [288n], [294n], [295n], [300n], [303n];
troops in Ceylon, [314];
pilgrims to Adam’s Peak, [319];
honour St. Thomas, [353];
in Kesmacoran, [401];
in Madagascar, [411];
in Abyssinia, [427];
in Aden, [428], [438];
outrage by, [428] seqq.;
at Esher, [442];
Dufar, [444];
Calatu, [449];
Hormuz, [452];
Ahmad Sultan one, [467]
Mailapúr (Shrine of St. Thomas), ii. [355n]
Maiman, i. 86n
Maistre, the word, ii. [296n]
Maitreya Buddha, ii. [330n]
Majapahit, empire of (Java), ii. [275n]
Majar (Menjar), ii. [491n]
Major, R. H., on Australia, ii. [280n]
Makdashan, see [Magadoxo]
Malabar, Melibar, Malibar, Manibar, ii. [389], [390];
fleets, [389];
products, [389], [390n];
imports, Chinese ships in, [390], [391n]
Malacca, ii. [281n];
foundation of, [282n];
chronology, [282n]
Malacca, Straits of, ii. [281n]
Malaiur, island and city, ii. [280], [281n], [283n], [305–306n]
Mal-Amir, or Aidhej, i. 85n
Malasgird, i. 145n
Malay Peninsula, ii. [277n];
invasion of Ceylon, [215n];
chronicle, [279n], [282n], [287n], [288n], [294n], [300n];
language, [286n];
origin of many geographical names, [314n]
Malayo, or Tana Malayu, ii. [281n], [283n]
Malcolm, Sir John, ii. [351n]
Maldive Islands, ii. [425n]
Malé in Burma, ii. [113n]
Male and Female Islands, ii. [401], [404] seqq.;
legend widely diffused, [405n–406n], [415n]
Malifattan, ii. [333n]
Malik al Dháhir, king of Samudra, ii. [288n], [294n]
—— al Mansúr, ii. [288n], [294n]
—— al Sálih, king of Samudra, ii. [288n], [294n], [295n]
—— Kafur, ii. [333n]
Malli, the, i. 93n
Malpiero, Gasparo, 4
Malte-Brun, 112, i. 86n, ii. [602n]
Malwa, ii. [426n], [427n]
Mamaseni, i. 85n
Mamre, tree of, i. 131n, 132n, 135n
Mán, barbarians, ii. [60n], [123n], [144n], [228n]
Man, Col. Henry, ii. [308n], [312n]
Manchu dynasty, i. 29n
Mancopa, ii. [300n], [305n]
Mandalé in Burma, ii. [329n]
Mandarin language, ii. [243n]
Mangalai, third son of Kúblái, 21, i. 361n, ii. [24];
his palace, [24], [25], [31n]
Mangalore, ii. [386n]
Mangla and Nebila Islands, ii. [405n]
Mangonels made by Polos for attack of Saianfu, ii. [159];
etymology, [164n];
account of, [168n];
a barbarous lubricant for, [180n]
Mangu (Mangku, Mongu) Khan, Kúblái’s elder brother, 10, 11, i. 8n, 14n, 61n, 103n, 146n, 210, 227n, ii. [32n], [42], [46n];
his death, i. 245n;
reign, massacre at his funeral, 246, 250n, 334n
Mangu-Temur (Mungultemur), ii. [491], [496], [497n]
Manjániḳ (Manjaniki), ii. [164n]
—— Kumghá, ii. [168n]
Manjaníkis (Mangonellers), ii. [168n].
(See [Mangonels].)
Manji, see [Manzi]
Manjushri, Bodhisatva, ii. [265n]
Manphul, Pandit, i. 154n, 156n, 160n, 162n, 163n
Mansur Shah, i. 25n
Mantzé, Man-tzŭ, Mantszi, Aborigines, ii. [60n], [64n], [144n]
Manuel, Comnenus, Emperor, i. 82n
Manufactures, Kúblái’s, i. 412, 415n
Manuscripts of Polo’s Book, 81 seqq., 90 seqq. ii. [526n–552n]
Manzi (Facfur), king of, i. 36, ii. [145], [148];
his flight, [146];
his charity, [147], [207–208];
his effeminacy, [147];
his death, [148];
his palace at Kinsay, [191–192], [206–207].
(See [Faghfúr].)
—— (Mangi) province, 3, ii. [10];
White City of the Frontier, [33], [34n], [36], [49], [139], [141], [144n], [151], [176];
entrance to, [142], [152];
conquest of, [145–146], [148], [158], [178];
character of the people, [181], [204];
its nine kingdoms, 1200 cities and squares, [190], [213];
its bamboos, [219];
no sheep in, [219];
dialects, [236], [243n];
called Chin, [264], [265n];
ships and merchants in India, [386], [390], [391n]
—— queen of, surrenders, ii. [146], [150n];
her report of Kinsay, [185]
Map, constructed on Polo’s data, 109, 110;
Hereford, 127;
Roger Bacon’s, 132;
Marino Sanudo’s, 133;
Medicean, 134;
Catalan, 135, 136;
Fra Mauro’s, 135;
Ruysch’s, 135;
Mercator’s, 137;
Sanson’s, 137
Mapillas, or Moplahs, ii. [372n], [380n]
Maps, allusions to, in Polo’s book, ii. [245n], [312], [424];
early mediæval, 132;
of the Arabs, 132;
in the palace at Venice, 110
Marabia, Maravia, Maravi, ii. [386n–387n]
Marah Silu, ii. [294n]
Mâramangalam, site of Kolkhoi, ii, [373n]
Marash, i. 23n
Maratha, ii. [426n]
Mardin (Merdin), i. 60, 62n
Mare’s milk, see [Kumiz]
Margaritone, i. 22n
Marignolli, John, ii. [23n], [144n], [180n], [193n], [194n], [213n], [239n], [321n], [356n], [358n]
Market days, i. 154n, ii. [106], [107n]
Markets in Kinsay, ii. [201], [202]
—— Squares in Kinsay, ii. [201], [210n], [213n]
Marks of Silver, i. 83, ii. [394], [591n]
Marriage customs in Khotan, i. 191, 193n
—— customs in Kanchau, i. 220, 223n
—— customs of the Tartars, 252–253, 256n
—— (posthumous) amongst Tartars, 267, 268n
—— laxities of different peoples, i. 191, 193n
—— laxities in Thibet, ii. [44], [48n], [53–54], [56n], [66], [76n]
Mar Sarghis, ii. [157n], [177]
Marsden’s edition of Polo, 115 and passim
Martin, Dr. Ernest, of French Legation at Pekin, ii. [93n]
Martini, ii. [5n], [15n], [29n], [32n], [35n], [137n], [211n], [228n], [229n], [237n];
his Atlas Sinensis, i. 42n, ii. [69n];
his account of Kinsay, ii. [214n] and passim
Martyrs, Franciscan, ii. [396n]
Masálak-al-Absár, i. 5n, 86n, ii. [214], [348n]
Mashhad (Meshed), or Varsach River, i. 150n, 155n, 156n, 193n
Masa’úd, Prince of Hormuz, i. 120n, 121n
Mashiz, i. 92n
Maskat, ii. [451n]
Mastiff Dogs, Keepers of the, i. 400, 401n
Mastiffs of Tibet, see [Dogs]
Mastodon, bogged, ii. [290n]
Mas’ud II., Ghiath ed-din-Seljuk dynasty, i. 44n
Mas’udi, i. 53n, 59n, 62n, 82n, 99n
Masulipatam, ii. [363n]
Matchlocks, manufacture at Kerman, i. 90;
at Taianfu, ii. [15n]
Ma-t’eu (Matu), ii. [139n]
Mati Dhivaja, see Bashpah Lama
Matitánana, ii. [414n]
Matityna (Martinique), ii. [405n]
Mätzner, Eduard, ii. [601n]
Maundevile, Sir John (John a Beard), on lying in water, i. 119n, ii. [604n];
Cloths of Tartary, 295n;
Trees of the Sun, 130n;
Dry Tree, 131n;
his Book of Travels, ii. [598n], [605n];
English version, [601n];
his tomb, [604n]
Maung Maorong, or Pong, Shan kingdom, ii. [79n], [113n]
Mauro, Fra, his map, i. 6, 133, ii. [128n]
Mausul (Mosul), kingdom of, i. 46, 60, 61n, 62n
Mauvenu (Malvennez), the phrase, ii. [21n], [473n]
Mayers, W. F., ii. [150n], [596n]
Mayhew, A. L., on Couvade, ii. [93n]
Mazandéran, province, i. 59n
Mecchino, Ginger, ii. [381n]
Medressehs at Sivas, i. 45n
Mekhitar, i. 45n
Mekong River (Lan-tsang kiang), ii. [88n], [128n], [278n]
Mekrán, often reckoned part of India, ii. [402n], [403n], [405n]
Mekranis, i. 106n
Melchior, one of the Magi, i. 78, 82n
Melibar, see [Malabar]
Melic, the title, ii. [449], [450], [470n]
Melons, dried, of Shibrgán, i. 149, 150n
Menangkabau, ii. [286n], [301n]
Mendoza, i. 8n
Menezes, Duarte, ii. [358n]
Mengki, envoy to Java, ii. [75n]
Menjar (Májar?), ii. [490], [491n]
Menuvair and Grosvair, ii. [483n]
Merghuz Boirúk Khan, ii. [19n]
Merkit (Mecrit, Mescript), a Tartar tribe, i. 236n, 269, 271n
Meshid (more correctly Mashhad), i. 150n, 155n, 156n, 193n
Messengers, Royal Mongol, i. 36n
Mexico, ii. [405n]
Meyer, Paul, Alexandre le Grand, i. 56n
Miafaraḳain, i. 68n
Miau-tzu, ii. [82n]
Mien, Amien, Ava (Burma), king of, his battle with Tartars, ii. [98n];
City of, [99n], [109];
its gold and silver towers, [110];
how it was conquered, [110], [111n];
communications and war with Mongols, [104];
Chinese notices, [104n]
Mikado, ii. [262]
Military engines of the Middle Ages, dissertation on, ii. [161n];
two classes, [161n];
Trébuchets, [161n], [163n], [164n];
Balista, [161n];
shot used, carrion, live men, bags of gold, [163n];
Mangonel, [163n], [169n];
Napoleon’s experiments with heavy shot, [164n], [165n];
size and accuracy, [165n];
length of range (Sanudo on), [166n];
effect of Mangonel on Saracens, [166n];
procured by Kúblái for siege of Siang-yang, [167n];
Chinese and Persian histories on, [167n–169n];
known to Mongols and Chinese, [168n];
the Ḳarábughá, or Calabra, [168n];
the P’ao, [169n]
Milk, portable, or curd, i. 262, 265n
Milk, rite of sprinkling Mare’s, i. 300, 309n, 411
Million, use of the numeral, 67, ii. [215], [217n]
Millione, Millioni, nickname for Polo and his book, 6, 54, 119, ii. [217n]
Millioni, Corte del, 4
Milne, ii. [222n]
Minao district, i. 110n, 114n
Mines and Minerals, see [Iron], [Silver], etc.
Minever, see [Menuvair]
Ming, the Chinese dynasty which ousted the Mongols, A.D. 1368, i. 29n, ii. [15n], [238n];
their changes in Peking, i. 342n;
their paper-money, 427n;
their effeminate customs, ii. [20];
expeditions to India, [392n];
annals, [413n], [439n], [445n]
Mingan, Khan’s Master of Hounds, i. 400
Ming-ti, Emperor i. 347n
Minján, dialect of, i. 160n
Minotto, Professor A. S., 6, ii. [511n]
Min River (in Fokien), ii. [228n], [230n], [233n], [234n]
—— River (in Sze-ch’wan), ii. [40n], [70n], [130n]
Mint, the Khan’s, i. 423
Mintsing-hien, ii. [230n]
Mious River, ii. [488n]
Miracle Stories, fish in Lent, i. 52–57n;
Mountain moved, 68–73;
St. Barsamo’s girdles, 77;
Holy Fire, 80;
Stone at Samarkand, 185;
at St. Thomas’ Shrine, ii. [354], [356n], [358n]
Mírat, ii. [426n]
Mire, French for leech, i. 81n
Mirkhond, ii. [180n]
Mirobolans, ii. [388n]
Misḳál, a weight, i. 353n, ii. [41n], [217n], [592n].
(See also [Saggio].)
Misri, sugar-candy, ii. [230n]
Missionary Friars, powers conferred on, i. 22, 23n;
in China in 14th century, 140, ii. [154n], [237n], [240n]
—— Martyrs, i. 312n, ii. [396n]
Moa of New Zealand, ii. [417n], [418n]
Modhafferians, the, i. 86n
Modun Khotan (“Wood-ville”), i. 408n
Moghistan, i. 110n
Mohammed, son of Yusuf Kelefi, founder of Shíráz, i. 85n
Mohammerah, ii. [444n]
Mohiuddin, i. 24n
Mokli, the Jelair, ii. [462n]
Molayu, ii. [283n]
Molebar, see [Malabar]
Molephatan, ii. [426n]
Molière, Pastorale Comique, i. 341n
Moluccas, ii. [265n]
Mombasa, ii. [424n]
Momein, ii. [57n], [80n], [81n]
Monasteries of Idolaters (Buddhists), i. 167, 219, 286n, 303, 319n, ii. [171], [174n], [175], [176n], [213n]
Money, paper, i. 423–425, 426n–430n
—— values, i. 426n, ii. [590n–592n]
Mongol conquests, 9, 10;
capture Soldaia, i. 4n;
Bolghar, 7n, 8n;
treachery and cruelty, 61n, 151n, 265n, ii. [181n];
their inroads, i. 105n;
Balkh city, 151n;
invade Balakhshán, 161n;
invasion of Poland and Silesia, ii. [493n]
Mongon Khan, see [Mangu]
Mongotay (Mangkutai), a Mongol officer, ii. [136], [138n]
Monkeys, ii. [285], [382], [431];
passed off as pygmies, [285], [383n–385n]
Monks, idolatrous, i. 303.
(See [Monasteries].)
Monnier, Marcel, his visit to Karakorum, i. 230n;
on the Ch’êng-tu Suspension Bridge, ii. [41n]
Monoceros and Maiden, legend of, ii. [285], [291n]
Monophysitism, i. 61n
Monsoons, 23, ii. [264–265]
Montecorvino, John, Archbishop of Cambaluc, i. 117n, 287n, 289n, 346n, ii. [180n]
Monte d’Ely, ii. [386n], [387n]
Montgomerie, Major T. G. (R.E.) (Indian Survey), on fire at great altitudes, i. 178n;
position of Kashgar and Yarkund, 182n
Monument at Si-ngan fu, Christian, ii. [27n], [28n]
Moon, Mountains of the, ii. [415n], [420n], [421n]
Moore, Light of the Harem, i. 115n
Moplahs, see [Mapillas]
Morgan, E. Delmar, i. 176n, 198n, 207n
Mortagne, siege of, ii. [165n]
Morus alba, silk-worm tree, ii. [25n]
Moscow, Tartar Massacre at, ii. [493n]
Mosolin, or Muslin (Mosolini), Mo-sze, Arab Mauçili, i. 60, 62n, ii. [363n], [408n]
Mossos, a tribe, ii. [60n], [63n]
Mosta’sim Billah, last Abbaside Khalif of Baghdad, story of his avarice and death, i. 63–64, 67n
Mostocotto, i. 87n
Mosul (Mausul), i. 46, 60, 61n, 62n
Motapallé, see [Mutfili]
Motawakkil, Khalif, i. 131n
Moule, Bishop G. E., ii. [194n–198n], [209n–213n], [215n]
Mount, Green, in Palace grounds at Peking, i. 365, 370n, 372n
—— St. Thomas, ii. [356n], [358n]
—— D’Ely, see [Monte d’Ely]
Mountain, Old Man of the, see [Old Man of the]
—— Miracle of the, i. 68–73
—— Road in Shensi, extraordinary, ii. [32n]
Mourning customs, at Hormuz, i. 109;
in Tangut, 204;
at Kinsay, ii. [191]
Mozambique Channel, ii. [415n]
Muang, term applied in Shan countries (Laos and W. Yunnan) to fortified towns, as:—
Muang-Chi, ii. [67n]
Muang, or Maung Maorong, ii. [79n], [113n]
Muang Shung, ii. [120n]
Muang Yong, ii. [57n], [117n], [128n]
Muláhidah (Mulehet, Alamút, Chinese Mulahi), epithet of Ismaelites, i. 139, 141n, 142n, 146n
Mulberry Trees, i. 423, ii. [13], [24]
Mul-Java, ii. [349n]
Müller, F. W. K., ii. [89n]
Müller, Professor Max, i. 65n;
on Couvade, ii. [93n];
on stories of Buddha and St. Josafat, [323n], [325n], [326n], [328n]
Multán, ii. [426n]
Múnál pheasant (Lophophorus impeyanus), described by Ælian, i. 280n
Mung (Nicaea), i. 104n
Mungasht, hill fort, stronghold of the Atabegs, i. 85n
Mungul, name applied to Tartars, i. 285.
(See [Mongol].)
Mungul-Temur and Mongo-Temur, see [Mangu-Temur]
Murad Beg, of Kunduz, i. 156n, 161n, 163n
Murghab River, i. 172n, 175n
Murray, Dr. J. A. H., on Couvade, ii. [93n]
—— Hugh, ii. [133n], [141n], [175n], [208n], [212n], [486n]
Murus Ussu (Brius, Upper Kiang), ii. [67n]
Mus, Merdin (Mush, Mardin), i. 60, 62n
Musk, animal (Moschus), i. 275, 279n, 364, ii. [34], [35n], [45], [54]
—— earliest mention of and use in medicine, i. 279n
Muslin, see [Mosolin]
Mutfili (Motapallé for Telingana), ii. [359], [362n], [403n], [424];
its diamonds, [360–361], [362n];
identified, [362n]
Muza, ii. [408n]
Mynibar, ii. [426n]
Mysore, ii. [427n]
Mystic number, see [Numbers]
Nac, Nasich, Naques (Nakh), a kind of brocade, i. 63, 65n, 285, 295n
Nachetti, silk stuff interwoven with gold, i. 65n
Nakhut, gold brocade, i. 65n
Nakkára (Naccara, Nacaires), the great kettledrum signalling action, i. 338, 339n–341n, ii. [461]
Nákshatra, ii. [368n]
Nalanda, i. 306n
Nan-Chao, formerly Ai-Lao, Shan dynasty in Yun-nan, ii. [73n], [79n]
Nancouri, ii. [308n]
Nanghin (Ngan-king), ii. [154], [157], [171n]
Nangiass, Mongol name of Manzi, ii. [144n]
Nankau, archway in Pass of, with polyglot inscription, i. 28n
Nanking, not named by Polo, ii. [158n]
Nanwuli, ii. [301n]
Naobanján, i. 85n
Naoshirwan, i. 53n
Naphtha in the Caucasian country, i. 46, 49
—— Fire used in war by the Karaunahs, i. 101n
Napier, Sir C., i. 147n
Napoleon III., his researches and experiments on mediæval engines of war, ii. [164n], [165n]
Narikela-Dvipa, ii. [307n]
Narin-Kaleh, fortress, i. 53n
Narkandam, volcanic island, ii. [312n]
Narsinga, King of, ii. [347n]
Narwhal tusk, mediæval Unicorn’s Horn, ii. [291n]
Nasich, see [Nac]
Nasruddin (Nescradin), officer in the Mongol Service, ii. [101], [104n], [111n], [114n]
Nassir-uddin, Mahmud, Sultan of Delhi, 12
Natigay, Tartar idol, i. 257, 258n, 456, ii. [479]
Nava-Khanda, or Nine Divisions of Ancient India, i. 104n
Navapa (Lop?), i. 197n
Naversa (ancient Anazarbus), in Cilicia, under Taurus, i. 58n
Nayan, Kúblái’s kinsman, his revolt, i. 333, 334n;
Kúblái marches against, 335;
routed in battle, 337;
put to death by Kúblái, 343
Nearchus at Hormuz, i. 114n
Nebila and Mangla islands, ii. [405n]
Nebuchadnezzar, i. 52n
Necklaces, precious, ii. [338], [346n]
Necuveran, see [Nicobar]
Negapatam, Chinese Pagoda at, ii. [336n]
Negroes described, ii. [422]
Negropont, i. 18, 19n, 36
Nellore, ii. [333n]
Nemej, Niemicz (“Dumb”), applied to Germans by Slavs, ii. [493n]
Nerghi, Plain of, ii. [499]
Neri (pigs), ii. [210n]
Nescradin, see [Nasruddin]
Nesnás (a goblin), i. 202n
Nestorian Christians, at Mosul, i. 46, 60, 61n;
Tauris, 75, 77n;
Kashgar, 182;
Samarkand, 182, 186n;
Yarkand, 187;
Tangut, 203, 207n;
Kamul, 211n;
Chingintalas, 212;
Sukchur, 217;
Kampichu, Kan-chau, 219;
their diffusion in Asia, 237n;
among the Mongols, 241, 243n;
Erguiul and Sinju, 274;
Egrigaia, 281;
Tenduc, 284, 285, 287n;
China, 291n;
Yachi, or Yun-nan fu, ii. [66], [74n];
Cacanfu, [132];
Yang-chau, [154n];
one in Polo’s suite, [159];
churches at Chinghianfu, [177];
church at Kinsay, [192];
at St. Thomas, [358n];
Patriarch of, [377n], [407];
Metropolitan, [377n], [409n]
Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, i. 61n
Nevergún Pass, i. 112n
New Year Festival at Kúblái’s Court, i. 390
Neza Tash Pass, i. 172n
Ngan-king (Nanghin), ii. [154], [157], [171n]
Ngan-ning-ho River, ii. [69n]
Ngantung, Mongol general, ii. [462n]
Ngo-ning, or Ho-nhi, ii. [120n], [122n]
Nia (ancient Ni-jang), in Khotan, i. 195n
Nias Island, ii. [298n]
Nibong Palm, ii. [305n]
Nicaea of Alexander, i. 105n
Nicholson, Edward B., ii. [604n]
Nicobar (Necuveran) Islands, ii. [306], [307n], [315n];
etymology and people, [308n]
Nicolas of Pistoia, ii. [356n]
Nicolas, Christian name of Ahmad Sultan, ii. [468n]
—— Friar, of Vicenza, i. 22
Nicolas IV., Pope, ii. [474n]
Nieuhoff, ii. [139n], [141n]
Nigudar (Nogodar), Mongol princes, i. 98, 102n
Nigudarian bands, i. 98, 102n, 121n, 164n
Nilawár (Nellore), ii. [333n]
Nile, sources of, ii. [415n], [438], [439n]
Nileshwaram, ii. [388n]
Nímchah Musulmán, “Half-and-Halfs,” i. 155n
Nine, auspicious number among Tartars, i. 390, 392n
Nine Provinces (India), i. 104n;
(China), ii. [190], [199n]
Ning-hsia, or hia (Egrigaia), i. 282n, ii. [23n]
Ningpo, ii. [224n]
Ning-yuan fu, ii. [69n], [70n]
Niriz, steel mines of, i. 86n, 92n
Nirvana, figures of Buddha in, i. 221n
Nishapúr, i. 150n
Niuché (Yuché), Chinese name for the Churchés or race of Kin Empire, 12, i. 28n, 231n
Noah’s Ark in Armenia, i. 46, 49n
Nobles of Venice, 14;
Polo’s claim to be one, ib.
Nochdarizari, mountains north of Kabul, i. 102n
Nogai Khan, ii. [496];
his intrigues and wars, [496–497];
his history, [497n];
wars with Toctai, [498]
Nogodar (Nigudar), King of the Caraonas, story of, i. 98
Nomad tribes of Persia, i. 87n
Nomogan (Numughan), Kúblái’s son, i. 361n, ii. [460], [462n]
None, Nona, Nuna, title given to younger brothers or subordinate princes, i. 171, 173n
North, regions of the Far, ii. [479]
North Star, see [Pole-Star]
Note Book, Polo’s, ii. [193n]
Novgorod, ii. [489n]
Nubia, St. Thomas in, ii. [355];
alleged use of elephants in, [434n]
Nukdaris, tribe west of Kabul, i. 102n
Nuksán Pass, i. 165n
Numbers, mystic or auspicious, ii. [108n], [347n];
Nine, i. 390, 392n;
one hundred and eight, ii. [347n]
Nuna, see [None]
Nusi-Ibrahim, ii. [414n]
Nutmegs, ii. [272], [309n]
Nyuché, or Churché, race of Kin Emperors, see [Niuché]
Oak of Hebron, see [Terebinth]
Oaracta (Kishm, or Brakht), i. 115n
Obedience of Ismaelites, extraordinary, i. 144n
Obi River, ii. [481n], [484n]
Observatory at Peking, i. 378n, 449n
Ocean Sea, i. 107, 270, ii. [3], [22], [36], [56], [146], [153], [189], [237n], [251], [487];
other seas, parts of, [265]
Ocoloro Island, ii. [406n]
Odoric, Friar, 117, i. 49n, 59n, 76n, 81n, 89n, 110n, 117n, 202n, 288n, 314n, 370n, 375n, 384n, 385n, 426n, 437n, 441n, ii. [237n], [599n], [602n], [604n];
on Kinsay, [212n];
on Fuchau, [232n];
Zayton, [237n];
Java, [263n], [275n];
Champa, [271n];
Sumatra, [294n], [297n];
on sago tree, [304n];
on products of Ceylon, [315n];
St. Thomas’s, [358n];
Pepper Forest, [377n];
brazil-wood, [380n];
Thána, [396n]
Oger, the Dane, i. 131n
Ogotai Khan, see [Okkodai]
Oil from the Holy Sepulchre, i. 14, 19, 26;
fountain of (Naphtha) at Baku, 46, 49n;
whale, 108, 117n
—— head (Capidoglio, or Sperm whale), ii. [411], [414n]
—— walnut and Sesamé, i. [158], [162n]
Oirad, or Uirad (Horiad), a great Tartar tribe, i. 300, 308n
Okkodai Khan, third son of Chinghiz, 10, i. 65n, 206n, 227n, 228n, 236n, 247n, 437n
Olak, Illuk, Aulák, see [Lac]
Old Man of the Mountain (Aloadin), 124, 127, i. 139–146;
his envoys to St. Lewis, 47n;
account of, 139;
how he trained his Assassins, 142;
the Syrian, 144;
his subordinate chiefs, 143, 145n;
his end, 145;
modern representative, 147n
Oljaitu Khan, his correspondence with European princes, i. 14n, 36n, 362n;
his tomb, ii. [478n]
Oman, ii. [348n], [452n]
Omens, much regarded in Maabar, ii. [344], [351n];
by the Brahmans, [364], [368n], [369n]
Onan Kerule, near Baikal, i. 236n
Ondanique (fine kind of steel), Andaine, Andanicum, Hundwáníy, i. 90, 93n, 125n;
in Kerman, 90;
Chingintalas, 212, 215n
Oppert, Dr. Gustavus, Book on Prester John, Der Presbyter Johannes in Sage and Geschichte, i. 231n–233n, 235n, 236n, 245n, 288n
Orang Gugu, ii. [301n]
Orang Malayu River, ii. [281n]
Or Batuz, i. 388n
Orbelian, John, identified by Bruun with Prester John, i. 233n–235n
Ordos, the Mongols of, i. 249n
Organa (Jerún), Persian Gerún, i. 115n
Oriental phrases in Polo’s dictation, 84
Orissa, ii. [426n]
Orkhon River, i. 227n
Orléans, defence of, ii. [165n]
—— Isle d’, [277n]
Orloks, or Marshals of the Mongol Host, i. 263, ii. [462n]
Oroech, ii. [487], [489n]
Oron, Mongol for a region or realm, i. 104n
Orphani, strange customs of the, ii. [298n]
Osci, the word, ii. [350n]
Ostriches, ii. [431], [437n]
Ostyaks, ii. [484n]
Otto, Bishop of Freisingen, i. 233n, 234n
Oulatay (Uladai), Tartar envoy from Persia, i. 32, 33n
Ovis Poli, see [Sheep]
Oweke, see [Ucaca]
Owen, Professor, ii. [417n]
Owen, Rev. Gray, on the Lolos, ii. [69n]
Owo, Mongol for Musk, i. 279n
Oxen, humped, in Kerman, i. 97, 99n;
wild, shaggy (Yaks), 274, 277n
—— wild (Beyamini), in East Tibet, ii. [50];
Burma, [111], [114n];
in Bengal, [115], [116n];
Anin, [119];
worshipped, [341], [365], [370n];
figures of, worn, [365], [370n]
Oxenham, Atlas, i. 433n, ii. [12n], [14n], [67n], [157n]
Oxydracae, the, i. 93n
Oxyrhynchus, ii. [434n]
Oxus Valley and River, i. 152n, 161n, 172n, 173n, ii. [594n]
Ozene, ii. [397n]
Pacamuria (Baccanor), ii. [386n]
Pacauta! (an invocation), ii. [338], [346n]
Pacem, see [Pasei]
Paddle-wheel barges, ii. [211n]
Paderin, Mr., visits Karákorum, i. 228n
Pádishah Khátún of Kerman, i. 91n
Padma Sambhava, i. 164n
Pagán (in Burma), ii. [100n], [107n], [109n], [113n], [114n];
ruins at, 13;
empire of, ii. [279n]
—— Old (Tagaung), ii. [107n], [113n]
Pagaroyang, inscriptions from, ii. [286n]
Paggi Islands, ii. [298n]
Pagodas, Burmese, ii. [110], [114n];
alleged Chinese in India, [336n–337n], [391n]
Pahang, ii. [279n]
Paï, or Peyih tribe, ii. [60n], [120n]
Paipurth (Baiburt), i. 46, 49n
Pai-yen-ching, ii. [58n]
Paizah, or Golden Tablet of Honour, i. 352n, 353n
—— and Yarligh, i. 322n, 352n
Pakwiha, China ware, ii. [243n]
Pala, a bird, ii. [351n]
Palace of Khan at Chagannor, i. 296;
at Chandu (Shangtu), 298;
of cane, 299;
at Langtin, 306;
Cambaluc, 362;
on Green Mount, 370;
at Kenjanfu (Si-ngan fu), ii. [24], [29n];
of the Empire of Manzi at Kinsay, [191], [192], [206], [212n];
in Chipangu, paved and roofed with gold, [253], [256n], [275n]
Palembang, ii. [281]n, [283n]
Paliolle, Or de, for gold dust, ii. [52n]
Palladius, the Archimandrite, i. 187n, 198n, 215n, 225n, 227n, 248n, 251n, 256n, 270n, 276n, 279n, 282n, 287n, 288n, 291n, 304n, 306n, 308n, 310n, 319n, 327n, 334n, 336n, 344n–347n, 358n, 389n, 397n, 402n, 407n, 408n, 430n, 456n, 461n, ii. [178n]
Palm (Measure), ii. [592n]
Palm Wine, see [Wine of Palm]
Pamier (Pamir), Plain of, i. 171;
its wild sheep, 171, 176n;
great height, 174n;
pasture, etc., 174n, 175n;
described by Hiuen Tsang, Wood, Goës, Abdul Mejid, Colonel Gordon and others, 174n–176n;
Dr. M. A. Stein on, ii. [593n–594n];
Lord Curzon on number of, [594n]
Pan-Asiatic usages, i. 324n, 326n, ii. [359n]
Pandarani, or Fandaraina, ii. [386n], [391n]
Pandit Manphul, i. 162n, 163n, 173n, 154n–156n, 160n, 161n, 422n, 438n
Pandrethan in Kashmir, Buddhist temple at, i. 167
Pandyan kings, ii. [333n–335n], [373n–374n]
Panja River, or Upper Oxus, i. 170, 172n–174n
Panjáb, i. 104n
Panjkora, i. 104n
Panjshir, i. 162n, 165n, ii. [488n]
Pantaleon, coins of, i. 163n
Panthé, or Mahomedan Kingdom in
Yun-nan, ii. [80n]
Panya (or Pengya), in Burma, ii. [113n]
Pao-ki h’ien, ii. [32n], [34n]
Paonano Pao, i. 173n, ii. [593n]
Papé, Papesifu, ii. [117n], [128n]
Paper-money (Chao), Kúblái’s made from bark, i. 423–425, 426n–430n;
modern, 428n.
(See also [Currency].)
Papien River, ii. [128n]
Paquier, Professor, i. 172n, 183n
Paradise, Apples of, i. 97, 99n
—— in legend of the Cross, 136n
—— of Persia, 114n
—— of the Old Man of the Mountain, i. 140, 142;
destroyed, 145
—— Rivers of, 9n
Parákráma Bahu I., ii. [334n]
Paramisura, founder of Malacca, ii. [282n]
Parapomisadae, ii. [402n]
Parasol, i. 354n
Paravas, ii. [372n]
Parez, Pariz, turquoise mines of, i. 92n
—— falcons of, 96n
Pariahs (Paraiyar), ii. [228n];
etymology of, ii. [349n]
Parker, E. H., i. 263n, 291n, 312n, 345n, 360n, 381n, 433n, ii. [60n], [74n], [88n], [104n], [148n], [151n], [169n], [207n];
on Pasei, [296n]
Parlák, or Perlak, see [Ferlec]
—— Tanjong, ii. [287n]
Parliament, Tartar, ii. [495]
Parpa iron mines, i. 93n
Parrot, Professor, first to ascend Mount Ararat, i. 49n
Parrots, ii. [376], [431]
Partridges, i. 88;
black, 99n;
Jirufti, 111n;
great (Chakors), 296, 297n;
in mew, 298n.
(See also [Francolin].)
Parwana, a traitor eaten by the Tartars, i. 312n
Paryán silver mines, i. 162n
Pascal of Vittoria, Friar, i. 9n
Pasei, Pacem (Basma), a kingdom of Sumatra, ii. [284–285], [288n–289n], [292], [296n], [305n]
—— Bay of, [296n]
—— History of, [288n–289n]
Pasha-Afroz, i. 165n
Pasha and Pashagar tribes, i. 165n
Pashai, i. 164;
what region intended, 164, 165n
—— Dir, i. 98, 104n
Passo (or Pace), Venetian, ii. [280], [281n], [592n]
Patarins, heretics, 108, i. 303, 321n, ii. [342n]
Patera, debased Greek, from Badakhshán, i. 159, 160n
Patlam, ii. [337n]
Pâtra, or Alms-dish of Buddha, ii. [320], [328n];
miraculous properties, [330n];
Holy Grail of Buddhism, [330n]
Patriarchs of Eastern Christians, i. 60, 61n, ii. [407], [409n].
(See also [Catholicos] and [Nestorian].)
Patteik-Kará, ii. [99n], [100n]
Patterns, beast and bird, on silk, etc., i. 66n, 90, 95, 96n, 398n, ii. [424n]
Patu, see [Batu]
Paukin (Pao-ying), ii. [152]
Pauthier, G., remarks on text of Polo, 92 seqq., et passim
Paved roads in China, ii. [189], [198n]
—— streets of Kinsay, ii. [189]
Payan, see [Bayan]
Payangádi, ii. [387n]
Pa-yi writing, specimen of, ii. [65n]
Peaches, yellow and white (apricots), ii. [202], [210]
Peacocks at St. Thomas’s, ii. [355];
special kind in Coilum, ii. [376]
Pearls, i. 60, 107, 350, 387, 390, 394, 424, ii. [338], [373n];
in Caindu, [53], [56n], [231], [235];
rose-coloured in Chipangu, [254], [257n];
fishery of, [331], [332], [337n], [344], [372n];
pearls and precious stones of kingdom of Maabar, [338], [364], [368n]
Pears, enormous, ii. [202], [210n]
Pedir, ii. [289n]
Pedro, Prince of Portugal, 110, 135
Pegu and Bengal confounded, ii. [99n], [115n], [128n]
Pei-chau (Piju), ii. [141]
Pein (Pim), province, i. 191, 192n;
site of, ii. [595n]
Peking, white pagoda at, ii. [347n].
(See [Cambaluc].)
Pelly, Col. Sir Lewis, British Resident at Bushire, i. 85n, 86n, 110n, 114n, 117n
Pema-ching, ii. [35n]
Pemberton, Captain R., ii. [79n]
Pentam (Bintang), ii. [280n], [284]
Pepper, daily consumption of, at Kinsay, ii. [204];
change in Chinese use of, [210n];
great importation at Zayton, duty on, [235], [242n];
white and black, [264], [272];
in Coilum, [375];
Eli and Cananore, [385], [388n];
Melibar, [389];
Guzerat, [393], [394n];
trade in, to Alexandria, [235], [389], [438]
Pepper Country, ii. [377n]
Peregrine falcons, i. 269, ii. [487]
Perla (Ferlec), ii. [287n]
Persia, extent of name to Bokhara, i. 10n;
spoken of, 75, 78;
three Magi of 78;
its eight kingdoms, 83
Persia and India, boundary of, ii. [402n]
Persian applied to language of foreigners at Mongol Court, i. 380n, ii. [5n]
Persian Gulf (Sea of India?), i. 63, 64n
Pesháwar, ii. [330n]
Peter, Tartar slave of Marco Polo’s, 72
Pharaoh’s rats (Gerboa), i. 252, 254n, ii. [480], [517n]
Phayre, Major-General Sir Arthur, ii. [100n], [105n], [113n], [114n]
Pheasants, large and long tailed, i. 275, ii. [22], [153];
Reeves’s, i. 280n
Pheng (the Rukh), ii. [421n]
Philip the Fair, i. 14n, 87n
Philip III. and IV. of France, i. 87n
Philippine Islands, ii. [265n], [266n]
Phillips, G., ii. [220n–222n], [224n], [228n], [230n], [232n], [233n], [238n], [239n], [240n–241n], [278n], [279n], [296n], [297n], [308n], [314n], [315n], [596n]
Phipps, Captain, ii. [373n]
Phra Râma, Siamese kings so-called, ii. [278n]
Phungan, Phungan-lu (Fungul?), ii. [127n], [129n]
Physician, a virtuous, i. 461n
Physicians, ii. [203], [376]
Pianfu (P’ing-yang fu), ii. [13], [16n], [25n]
Piccoli, ii. [66], [74n]
Pichalok, ii. [279n]
Pievtsov, General, i. 188n;
expedition, 200n
Pigeon posts, i. 438n
Pig-shells, ii. [85]
Piju (Pei-chau), ii. [141]
Pilgrimage, to Adam’s Sepulchre in Ceylon, ii. [319];
to Shrine of St. Thomas, [353]
“Pillar Road,” ii. [32n]
Pima (Pim), i. 191, 192n
Pinati, king of Kaulam, ii. [380n]
Pine woods in Mongolian desert, i. 224
—— in South China, ii. [251n]
P’ing-chang, Fanchán, or second class Minister, i. 432n
P’ing-yang fu (Pianfu), ii. [13], [16n], [25n]
Pinna-Cael (Punnei-Káyal), ii. [372n]
Pipino, Friar Francesco, 66, 81, 95, 103, i. 19n, 22n, 23n, 144n, 156n, 395n, ii. [120n], [517n]
Pirabandi or Bir Pandi (Vira Pandi), ii. [333n–335n]
Pirada, ii. [305n]
Pirates of Malabar, ii. [389–390n];
Guzerat [392];
Tana, [395];
Somnath, [400n];
Socotra, [407], [410n]
Piratical customs at Eli, ii. [385], [390n]
Pistachioes, i. 97, 114n, 125n, 153, 155n
Plane, Oriental or Chínár, i. 127, 128n, 131n, 135n, 138n
Plano Carpini, 15, passim
Pog, or Fiag River, i. 54n
Poison, antidote to, ii. [79]
Poisoning guests, custom of, ii. [84n]
Poisonous pasturage, i. 217, 218n
Poison wind, i. 108, 120n
Poland, Mongol invasion of, ii. [493n]
Pole, or Jackdaw on Polo’s scutcheon, 7
Pole-star, invisible in Java the Less, ii. [284], [292];
visible again in India, [382], [389], [392], [397]
Police, of Cambaluc, i. 414;
Kinsay, 187, 188
Politeness of Chinese, i. 457, 462n
Polo, Andrea, grandfather of Marco, 8, 14, 26
—— Antonio, illegitimate son of Elder Marco, 26
—— Bellela, second daughter, 69, 71;
died before 1333, 76, ii. [506n]
—— Donata, wife of Traveller, 69, 71;
sale of property to her husband, 30, ii. [507], [512];
death between 1333–1336, 76;
before Council, 77;
may have been Loredano, 69, 77, ii. [510n], [512n], [518n], [520n]
—— or Bragadino, Fantina, eldest daughter of Traveller, 69, 71, 76, ii. [506n], [513n]
—— Felice, a cousin, 25, 64
—— Fiordelisa, wife of last, 25, 65
Polo, Fiordelisa, daughter of Maffeo the Younger, 17, 64
—— Maffeo, brother of Nicolo, 14, 15, 64;
in Kan-chau, i. 220;
time of death between 1309 and 1318, 66
—— Maffeo, brother of Traveller, 15, 16;
probabilities as to birth, 17, 18, 25;
will of, 26, ii. [510n];
abstract from, 64–66
—— Marco, the elder son of Andrea, Uncle of the Traveller, 14;
his will, 17, 25, 26, i. 4, ii. [510n]
—— Marco, the Traveller, veracity, perplexities in his biography, 1;
Ramusio’s notices, extracts from, 2 seqq.;
recognition of his names of places, paralleled with Columbus, 3, 105;
nicknamed Millioni, 6, 67;
story of his capture at Curzola, 6;
writes his book in prison at Genoa, 6;
release and marriage, 7;
arms, 7;
claim to nobility, 14;
supposed autograph, ib.;
his birth, circumstances of, 15;
is taken to East, 18;
employed by Kúblái, mentioned in Chinese Records, 21, see i. 420;
mission to Yun-nan, 21;
governor of Yang-chau, 22;
employed at Kan-chau, Kara Korum, Champa and Indian Seas, 22;
returns home, 23–24;
mentioned in his Uncle Marco’s will, 25;
commands a galley at Curzola, 46;
taken prisoner and carried to Genoa, 48;
his imprisonment there, 52;
dictates his book to Rusticiano, 52;
release and return to Venice, 52;
evidence as to story of capture, 53–55;
dying vindication of his book, 54;
executor to his brother Maffeo, 64;
record of exemption from municipal penalty, 66;
gives copy of book to T. de Cepoy, 68;
marriage and daughters, 69;
lawsuit with Paulo Girardo, proceeding regarding house property, 70;
illness and last will, 70–74;
probable date of death, 74;
place of burial, 74;
professed portraits of, 75–76;
alleged wealth, 77;
estimate of him and of his book, 104 seqq.;
true claims to glory, 106;
faint indications of personality, 107;
rare indications of humour, 108;
absence of scientific notions, 109;
geographical data in book, 109;
his acquisition of languages, ignorance of Chinese, deficiencies in Chinese notices, 110;
historical notices, 111;
allusions to Alexander, 113;
incredulity about his stories, 115;
contemporary recognition, 116 seqq.;
by T. de Cepoy, Friar Pipino, 118;
J. d’Acqui, Giov. Villani, and P. d’Abano, 119;
notice by John of Ypres, 121;
borrowings in poem of Bauduin de Sebourc, 121 seqq.;
Chaucer and, 128;
influence on geography, obstacles to its effect, 129;
character of mediæval cosmography, 130;
Roger Bacon as geographer, 131;
Arab maps, 132;
Marino Sanudo’s map, 133;
Medicean, 134;
Carta Catalana largely based on Polo’s, 134;
increased appreciation of Polo’s book, 135;
confusions of nomenclature, 136;
introduction of block-printing into Europe and Polo, 138–141;
dictates his narrative, i. 2;
found at Venice, 18;
his age, 19n, 22, 26;
noticed and employed by Kúblái, 27;
grows in favour, many missions, 30, 31;
returns from one to India, 32;
escapes from the Karaunas, 99, 106n;
hears of breed of Bucephalus, 158;
recovers from illness in hill climate, 159;
hears from Zulficar about Salamander, 213;
at Kan-chau, 220;
brings home hair of yak, 274;
and head and feet of musk deer, 275;
witnesses events connected with Ahmad’s death, 420, 422n;
noticed in Chinese annals, 422n;
whether he had to do with Persian scheme of paper currency in 1294, 428n;
sent by Khan into Western provinces, ii. [3];
governor of Yang-chau, [154];
probable extent of his authority, [157n];
aids in constructing engines for siege of Siang-yang, [159] seqq.;
difficulties as to this statement, [167n] seqq.;
on number of vessels on Great Kiang, [170];
ignorant of Chinese, [183];
on greatness of Kinsay, [185];
his notes, [193n];
sent to inspect amount of revenue from Kinsay, [216];
his great experience, [236];
never in islands of Sea of Chin, [265];
in kingdom of Chamba, [268], [271n];
historical anecdotes, [270n];
detained five months in Sumatra, stockade party against wild people, [292];
brings Brazil seed to Venice, [299];
partakes of tree-flour (sago), [300];
takes some to Venice, [305n];
in six kingdoms of Sumatra, [300];
witnesses arrest for debt in Maabar, [343];
his erroneous view of Arabian coast, 110, ii. [452n];
Indian geography, [403n];
his unequalled travels, [501];
Venetian documents about him, [510n–521n]
—— Marco, called Marcolino, son of Nicolo the Younger, 65, 77, 78, ii. [510n]
—— Marco, last male survivor, 8, 78, 79, ii. [510n]
—— Marco, others of this name, 66, 79, 80, ii. [508n], [509n]
—— Maroca, sister of Nicolo the Younger, 15, 25, i. 4n
—— or Delfino, Moreta, youngest daughter, 69, 71, 76, ii. [506n], [513n]
Polo, Nicolo and Maffeo, sons of Andrea, their first journey, 15 seqq.;
cross Black Sea to Soldaia, i. 2;
visit Volga country, etc., 4;
go to Bokhara, 9;
join envoys to Khan’s Court, 10;
Kúblái’s reception of, 11;
sent back as envoys to Pope, 13;
receive a Golden Tablet, 15;
reach Ayas, 16;
Acre, 17;
Venice, 18;
find young Marco there, ib.
—— Nicolo, Maffeo and Marco, proceed to Acre, i. 19;
set out for East, recalled from Ayas, 20;
set out again with Pope’s letters, etc., 22;
reach Kúblái’s Court, 25;
are welcomed, 26;
see on their journey outward, 19;
their alleged service in capture of Siang-yang, 22, ii. [158], [159];
Khan refuses them permission to return home, i. 32;
allowed to go with ambassadors, 33;
receive Golden Tablets, 34;
on return see also23, 24;
story of their arrival at Venice, 4;
scheme to assert their identity, 5
—— Nicolo, his alleged second marriage and sons, 7, 15;
probable truth as to time of, 17;
his illegitimate sons, 25;
approximate time of his death, 64;
his tomb, 7, 74
—— Nicolo the Younger, cousin of traveller, 15, 25, 65, i. 4n
—— Stefano and Giovannino, illegitimate brothers of Traveller, 25, 30, 65
—— (?), or Trevisano(?), Fiordelisa, perhaps second wife of Nicolo Polo the Elder, and mother of Maffeo the Younger, 17, 25, 27
—— or Trevisano, Maria, last survivor of the family, 8, 78, 79;
doubts as to her kindred, 79, ii. [510n]
—— Family, its duration and end, according to Ramusio, 7–8;
origin, 13;
last notices of, 76 seqq. (For relationship of different Polos, see table, ii. [506n].)
—— Family, branch of S. Geremia, 14, 66, ii. [507n–509n]
Po-lut (Pa-lut), incense, ii. [304n]
Polygamy, i. 220, 252, 276, ii. [371];
supposed effect on population, i. 437n–438n, ii. [268], [339]
Pomilo (Pamir), i. 174n
Pompholyx, i. 126n
Ponent, or West, term applied by Polo to Kipchak, the Mongol Khanate of the Volga, see [Kipchak]
Pong (Mediæval Shan State), ii. [79n], [113n]
Poods, Russian, i. 162n
Popinjays, i. 107
Population, vast, of Cathay, i. 437n–438n
Porcelain manufacture, ii. [235], [242n];
fragments found at Kayál, [373n];
Chinese, [595n]
—— shells, see [Cowries]
Porcupines, i. 154, 156n
Pork, mention of, omitted, ii. [210n]
Postín, sheep-skin coat, i. 153, 155n
Posts, post-houses and runners, i. 433 et seqq., 438n;
in Siberia, ii. [480]
Po-sz’ (Persia), ii. [437n]
Potala at L’hasa, i. 319n
Pottinger, i. 94n, 96n
Poultry, kind of, in Coilum, ii. [376];
in Abyssinia (guinea-fowl?), [431], [437n]
Pound, sterling, 71, ii. [591n]
Pourpre, or Purpura, i. 66n, 389n
P’o-yang Lake, ii. [243n]
Pozdneiev, Professor, i. 228n
Precious stones or gems, 5, i. 75, 76n, 107, 350, 390, 394, 424, ii. [202], [231], [235], [236], [254], [264], [313], [315n], [338], [361], [362n];
how discovered by pirates, [392]
Prester John (Unc Can, Aung or Ung Khan), i. 27n, 239;
Tartar tribute to, 226;
account of, [231n–237n];
marriage relations with Chinghiz, [239];
insults Chinghiz’ envoys, [239];
“these be no soldiers,” [240];
marches to meet Chinghiz, [241];
real site of battle with Chinghiz, [242];
his real fate, ib.;
slain in battle, [244];
his lineage in Tenduc, [284], [288n];
and the Golden King, ii. [17–22]
Prices of horses, see [Horses]
Printing, imaginary connection of Polo’s name with introduction of139 seqq.
Private names supposed, i. 361n
Prjevalsky, Colonel N. M., i. 198n, 206n, 216n, 249n, 276n, 277n, ii. [23n], [29n], [61n]
Probation of Jogis, ii. [366];
parallel, [370n]
Prophecy regarding Bayan, ii. [145], [149n]
Proques, the word, ii. [370n]
Prostitutes, at Cambaluc, i. 414;
Kinsay, ii. [202–203]
Provinces, thirty-four of Kúblái’s Empire, i. 430
Pseudo-Callisthenes, 113, i. 56n, 57n
Ptolemies’ trained African elephants, ii. [434n]
Ptolemy, 2, 129, 131, i. 24n, 88n, 91n;
Sarmatic Gates, i. 53n
P’u-chau fu, ii. [25n], [26n]
Pu-ch’eng, ii. [224n]
Puer and Esmok, ii. [57n], [117n]
Pukan Mien-Wang, ii. [113n]
Pulad Chingsang, ii. [218n]
Pulisanghin, River and Bridge, 111, 136, ii. [3–4], [5n]
Pulo Bras, ii. [307n]
Pulo Condore (Sondur and Condur), ii. [276], [277n]
Pulo Gommes (Gauenispola), ii. [307n]
Pulo Nankai, or Nási, ii. [307n]
Pulo Wé, Wai, or Wey, ii. [307]
Punnei-Káyal, ii. [372n]
Puránas, the, i. 58n
Purpura, see [Pourpre]
Putchok, ii. [397n]
Putu-ho, “Grape R.,” ii. [16n]
Pygmies, factitious(?), ii. [285]
Qal’ah Asgher, hot springs at, i. 122n
Qara Arslán Beg, king of Kermán, i. 92n
Quails in India, ii. [345]
Queen of Mutfili, ii. [360]
Quicksilver and sulphur potion, ii. [365], [369n]
—— as regarded by alchemists, [369n]
Quills of the Ruc, see [Ruc]
Quilon, Kaulam, etc., see [Coilum]
Qumādin (Camadi), i. 113n
Rabelais, i. 100n
Rabbanta, a Nestorian monk, i. 243n
Radloff, Dr. W., i. 28n;
map, 229n, 230n
Ráin, i. 113n
Rainald, of Dassel, Archbishop, i. 82n
Rain-makers, see [Conjurers]
Rainy season, ii. [343], [351n]
Rajkot leather-work, ii. [395]
Rakka, Rákshasas, ii. [298n], [308n], [312n]
Râma Kamhêng, king, ii. [278n]
Rameshwaram, ii. [335n]
Ramnad, ii. [335n]
Rampart of Gog and Magog, i. 57n, 292n
Ramusio, Giov. Battista, passim;
his biographical notices of Polo, 2 et seqq., 52;
his edition of Polo, 96–101, ii. [208n], [212n], [374n]
Ráná Paramitá’s Woman Country, ii. [405n]
Ranking, John, i. 339n
Raonano-Rao, i. 173n, ii. [593n]
Rapson, E. J., ii. [595n]
Ras Haili, ii. [386n]
—— Kumhări, ii. [383n]
Rashíduddín, alias Fazl-ulla Rashid, Persian statesman and historian of the Mongols, 121;
frequently quoted in the Notes.
Ravenala tree (Urania speciosa), ii. [421n], [597n]
Raw meat eaten, ii. [66], [76n], [85]
Rawlinson, Sir H., i. 58n, 82n, 85n, 87n, 114n, 115n, 152n, 166n, 192n, 195n
Reclus, Asie russe, i. 54n;
on Caspian Sea fisheries, 59n
Red gold and red Tangas, ii. [349n]
Re Dor, ii. [19n]
Red Sea, trade from India to Egypt by, ii. [438];
described in some texts as a river, [439n];
possible origin of mistake93
Red sect of Lamas, i. 315n, 319n
Refraction, abnormal, ii. [419n]
Reg Ruwán, of Kabul, i. 202n
—— of Seistán, i. 202n
Reindeer ridden, i. 269, 271n
Religion, indifference of Chinghizide Princes to, i. 14n, 349n, ii. [477n];
occasional power of among Chinese, i. 460n seqq.
Remission of taxation by Kúblái, i. 439
Rennell, Major James, ii. [402n]
Reobarles (Rúdbár, etc.), i. 97, 109, 111n, 114n
Revenue of Kinsay, ii. [189], [190], [215] et seqq.
Rhinoceros (Unicorn), in Sumatra, ii. [285], [290n];
habits, [290n];
four Asiatic species, [289n]
—— Tichorinus, ii. [419n]
Rhins, Dutreuil de, i. 190n, 192n, 276n
Rhubarb, Rheum palmatum, i. 217, 218n, 279n, ii. [181], [183n]
Riant, Comte, ii. [593n]
Ricci, Matteo, i. 347n, 451n, 454n
Rice, ii. [33], [56], [85], [115], [117], [123], [174], [202], [292], [300], [313], [342], [354], [360], [401], [404], [423], [431]
Rice-wine, i. 441n;
at Yachi, ii. [66]
—— trade on Grand Canal, ii. [174]
Richard II., i. 42n
Richthofen, Baron F. von, i. 106n, 198n, 218n, 295n, ii. [14n–16n], [19n], [23n], [26n], [27n], [29n], [32n], [34n], [35n], [38n], [40n], [42n], [45n], [48n], [57n], [60n], [67n], [80n];
on Fungul, [129n];
on Tanpiju, [220n]
Right and Left, ministers of the, i. 432n
Rio Marabia, ii. [387n]
Rishis (Eremites) of Kashmir, i. 166, 169n
“River of China,” ii. [222n], [243n]
Roads radiating from Cambaluc, i. 433
Robbers in Persia, i. 84, 87n, 98, 99, 101n
Robbers’ River, i. 114n
Robes distributed by Kúblái, i. 387, 388n, 394
Roborovsky, Lieutenant, i. 188n
Rochefort, “faire la couvade,” ii. [94n]
Rockets, i. 342n
Rockhill (Rubruck and Diary of a Journey), i. 5n, 8n, 9n, 277n, 279n, 282n, 283n, 294n, 295n, 306n, 308n–310n, 312n, 319n, 321n, 324n, 325n, 353n, 354n, 384n, 385n, 389n, 393n, 429n, 437n, ii. 491n;
on the titles Khan, Khatun, etc., 10;
on horn horse-shoes, i. 177n;
earliest mention of name Mongol in Oriental works, 294n;
Mongol storm-dispellers, 310n;
charge of cannibalism against Tibetans, 312n;
on Bönbo Lamas, 325n;
Tablets (hu), 354n;
mechanical contrivances at E. Court, 385n;
Mongol etiquette, 393n;
Chinese leather-money, 429n;
Mongol post-stations, 437n;
pocket-spitoons, 462n;
from Peking to Si-ngan fu, ii. [5n];
descent of Yellow River, [23n];
road between T’ung-kwan and Si-ngan fu, [27n];
two famous Uigur Nestorians, [28n];
on the word Salar, [29n];
on the Hui-hui sects, [30n];
on the Alans, [180n];
on branch of Volga Bulgars, [489n]
Rofia palm (sagus ruffia), ii. [597n]
Roiaus dereusse(?), ii. [395n]
Rome, the Sudarium at, i. 213
Rondes, ingenious but futile explanation of, i. 410n
Rook, in Chess, ii. [419n]
Rori-Bakkar, Sepoy name for Upper Sind, i. 86n
Rosaries, Hindu, ii. [338], [347n]
Rostof and Susdal, Andrew, Grand Duke of, i. 7n
Roth, H. Ling, on couvade, ii. [596n]
Rouble, ii. [488n]
Roxana, daughter of Darius, wife of Alexander, i. 151, 152n, 157
Roze de l’Açur, i. 370n
Rubies, Balas, 5, i. 157, 161n;
of Ceylon, ii. [313], [315n];
of Adam’s Peak, [316n]
Rubruquis, or Rubruc, Friar William de, 15, 104, 132, i. 57n, 65n, 227n, 230n, 239n, 242n, 253n, 264n, 278n, 308n, 309n, 354n, 384n, 385n, 389n, 426n, 437n
Ruby mines in Badakhshan, i. 161n
Ruc (Rukh), or Gryphon, bird called, described, ii. [412–413];
its feathers and quills, [413], [420n], [596n–598n];
wide diffusion and various forms of fable, [415n];
eggs of the Aepyornis, [416n];
Fra Mauro’s story, [417n];
genus of that bird, condor, [417n], [420n];
discovery of bones of Harpagornis in New Zealand, [418n];
Sindbad, Rabbi Benjamin, romance of Duke Ernest, [418n];
Ibn Batuta’s sight of Ruc, [419n];
rook in chess, [419n];
various notices of, [420n–421n]
Rúdbár-i-Laṣṣ, Robbers’ River, i. 114n
—— (Reobarles), district and River, i. 97, 109, 111n, 114n
Rudder, single, noted by Polo as peculiar, i. 108;
double, used in Mediterranean, 117n
Rúdkhánah-i-Duzdi (Robbers’ River), i. 114n
Rúdkhánah-i-Shor (Salt River), i. 111n
Rudra Deva, King of Telingana, ii. [362n]
Rudrama Devi, Queen of Telingana, ii. [362n]
Rukh, Shah, i. 86n, 191n, 211n, 218n, 392n, 396n
Ruknuddin, Mahmud, Prince of Hormuz, i. 120n
—— Masa’úd, i. 120n
—— Khurshah, son of Alaodin, Prince of the Ismaelites, i. 146n
Rúm, i. 44n
Runiz, i. 86n
Ruomedam-Ahomet, King of Hormuz, i. 110, 121n
Rupen, Bagratid, founder of Armenian State in Cilicia, i. 42n
Rupert, Prince, ii. [486n]
Rüppell’s Table of Abyssinian kings, ii. [435n]
Russia (Rosia), annexes Georgia, i. 53n, ii. [486];
great cold, Arab accounts of, [487];
silver mines, [488n];
subject to Tartars, [489n];
conquered by Batu, [489n]
—— leather, i. 6n, 394, 395n;
clothes of, 295n
Russians, trusty lieges of king, ii. [348n]
Rusták, i. 173n
Rusticiano of Pisa, introduces himself in prologue, i. 1, 141n, 263n;
writes down Polo’s book, 52, 55 seqq., 84, 112;
extracts and character of his compilation, 61 seqq., 143;
his real name, 61;
his other writings, 89
Ruysch’s map, 135
Saadi, i. 85n
Saba (Sava, Savah), city of the Magi, i. 78, 80, 81n
Sabaste, see [Sivas]
Sable, its costliness, i. 405, 409n–410n, ii. [479], [481], [484], [486n], [487]
Sabreddin, ii. [437n]
Sabzawur, i. 150n
Sachiu (Sha-chau), i. 203, 206n
Sacrifices of people of Tangut, i. 204
—— human, i. 208n, ii. [303n]
Sadd-i-Iskandar, rampart of Alexander, i. 53n, 54n, 57n
Saffron, fruit-serving purposes of, ii. [225], [226n]
Sagacity of sledge-dogs, ii. [483n]
Sagamon Borcan, see [Sakya Muni Buddha]
Sagatu, general of Kúblái’s, ii. [267], [270n]
Saggio (⅙ oz.), i. 350, 353n, ii. [54], [57n], [76], [215], [216], [217n], [339], [347n], [592n]
Sago, ii. [300], [304n], [305n]
Saianfu, see Siang-yang-fu
Saif Arad, king of Abyssinia, ii. [437n]
Saifuddin Nazrat, ruler of Hormuz, i. 120n
Saimur (Chaul), ii. [367n]
Sain Khan (or Batu), ii. [490], [491]
St. Anno of Cologne, i. 130n
St. Barlaam and St. Josafat, story of a Buddhist christianised, ii. [323n] seqq.
St. Barsauma (Barsamo, Brassamus), and monastery of, i. 77
St. Blasius (Blaise), Church at Sivas, i. 43, 45n
St. Brandon, ii. [312n]
St. Buddha! ii. [325n] seqq.
St. Epiphanius, ii. [362n]
St. George, Church of, in Sivas, i. 45n;
at Quilon, ii. [377n]
St. Helena, i. 58n
St. James’ Shrine, Gallicia, ii. [319]
St. John the Baptist, Church of, in Samarkand, i. 185
—— Major Oliver, i. 57n, 92n, 96n, 105n, 112n, 114n, 120n
St. Leonard’s Convent in Georgia, and the fish miracle, i. 52, 58n
St. Lewis, i. 27n, 47n, 67n, 87n;
his campaign on the Nile, ii. [165n], [593n]
St. Martin, Vivien de, Map, i. 164n, 192n
St. Mary’s Island, Madagascar, ii. [414n]
St. Matthew, Monastery near Mosul, i. 61n
St. Matthew’s Gospel, story of the Magi, i. 82n
St. Nina, i. 58n
St. Sabba’s at Acre, 42
St. Thomas, the Apostle, ii. [321n], [323n], [325n];
his shrine in India, [341], [353], [355n];
his murderers, and their hereditary curse, [350n];
reverenced by Saracens and heathen, [353];
miracles in India, [354], [356n];
story of his death, [355], [357n];
tradition of his preaching in India, [356n];
translation of remains to Edessa, [357n];
King Gondopharus of legend a real king, [357n];
Roman Martyrology, [357n];
the localities, [358n];
alleged discovery of reliques, [358n] seqq.;
the Cross, [358n];
church ascribed to, [378n];
in Abyssinia, [427]
St. Thomas’s Isle, ii. [403n]
—— Mounts, ii. [358n]
Saker falcons, i. 158, 162n, 223, ii. [50]
Sakta doctrines, i. 323n
Sakya Muni (Sagamon Borcan) Buddha, i. 164n, 324n, 348n, ii. [265n], [308n];
death of, i. 170n;
recumbent figures of, 219, 221n;
story of, ii. [316] seqq.;
his footmark on Adam’s Peak, [321n];
Alms dish, Holy Grail, [328n–330n];
tooth relique, [319–320], [330n]
Salamander, the, i. 213, 216n
Salar (Ho-chau), ii. [29n]
Salem, dragoman, explores Rampart of Gog, i. 57n
Salghur, Atabegs of Fars, i. 85n, 121n
Sálih, Malik, son of Badruddín Lúlú, i. 61n
Salsette Island, ii. [325n], [396n]
Salt, H., his version of Abyssinian chronology, ii. [435n]
—— rock, in Badakhshan, i. 153, 154n;
used for currency, ii. [45], [54], [57n];
extracted from deep wells, [58n], [66], [76n];
in Carajan province, [66], [76n];
manufactured in Eastern China, [133];
manufacture, revenue and traffic in, [152], [153], [155n], [215], [216], [217n];
trade on the Kiang, [171];
junks employed therein, [174n]
—— stream, i. 124n
Salwen River, or Lu-Kiang, i. 323n
Samagar, ii. [471], [474n]
Samána, ii. [427n]
Samara, kingdom of, see [Sumatra]
Samarkand (Samarcan), i. 57n, 62n, ii. [458], [462];
story of a miracle at, i. 183, 186n;
colony near Peking from, 291n
Sampson, Theos., on grapes in China, ii. [16n]
Sámsúnji Báshi, i. 401n
Samudra, see [Sumatra]
Samuel, his alleged tomb at Sávah, i. 81n
San Giovanni Grisostomo, parish in Venice where the Ca’ Polo was, 4, 26, 53, 70, 71, 76;
theatre, 28
San Lorenzo, Venice, burial place of Marco and his father, 7, 71, 74
Sandu, see [Chandu]
Ṣanf, see [Champa]
Sangín, Sangkan River, ii. [5n], [6n]
Sanglich, dialect of, i. 160n
Sang-Miau, tribe of Kwei-chau, ii. [82n]
Sangon, the Title (Tsiang-kiun), ii. [136], [138n]
Sanitary effects of Mountain air, i. 158
Sanjar, sovereigns of Persia, i. 233n
Sankin Hoto, Dalai, i. 215n
Sanuto of Torcelli, Marino, 118, i. 17n, 23n, 24n, 42n, 59n, 67n, 77n, 144n;
his World Map, 133;
on long range, ii. [166n]
Sappan wood, see [Brazil]
Sapta-Shaila, ii. [386n]
Sapurgan (Sabúrḳán, Shabúrḳán, Shibrgán), i. 149, 150n
Saputa, Sçue, peculiar use of, i. 437n
Saracanco (Saraichik), on the Yaik, i. 6n
Saracens, see [Mahomedans]
Sarai (Sara), capital of Kipchak, i. 4;
city and its remains, 5n;
perhaps occupied successive sites, 6n
—— Sea of (Caspian), i. 59n, ii. [494]
Sáras, crane (grus Antigone), i. 297n
Saratov, i. 9n
Sarbizan Pass, i. 113n
Sardines, ii. [444n]
Sárdú Pass, i. 113n
Sarghalan River, i. 156n
Sărha, Port of Sumatra, ii. [294n]
Sarhadd River, i. 175n
Sar-i-kol, Lakes, i. 163n, 172n
Sarsati, ii. [427n]
Sartak, the Great Khan’s ambassador to Hulákú, i. 10n, 14n
Sassanian dynasty, i. 61n
Sati, see [Suttee]
Satin, probable origin of word, ii. [241n]
Saum, Sommo, silver ingots used in Kipchak, ii. [488n];
apparently the original rouble, [488n]
Sauromatae, ii. [466n]
Sávah (Saba), i. 78, 80, 81n
Savast (Siwas), i. 43, 44n
Scanderoon, Gulf of, i. 16n
Scasem, i. 156n
Scherani, bandits, i. 101n
Schiltberger, Hans, i. 131n
Schindler, General Houtum-, i. 89n, 96n, 99n, 100n, 105n, 106n, 112n–115n, 122n, 126n, 308n, 310n, 314n
Schlegel, Dr. G., i. 342n, 437n, 441n, ii. [281n], [596n]
Schmidt, Professor I. J., i. 201n, 294n
Schönborn, Carl, ii. [601n]
Schuyler, Eugene, i. 54n
Scidmore, Miss E., on the Tide, ii. [209n]
Scotra, see [Socotra]
Sea of Chin, ii. [264], [265], [266n], [270n]
—— England, ii. [265]
—— Ghel, or Ghelan, i. 52
—— India, i. 35, 63, 108, 166, ii. [265], [424]
—— Rochelle, ii. [265]
—— Sarain, i. 59, ii. [494]
Seal, Imperial, i. 366, 424
Sebaste, see [Sivas]
Sebourc, Bauduin de, see [Bauduin de Sebourc]
Sees of Latin Church, i. 186n, ii. [237n], [377n]
—— Nestorian Church, i. 91n, 183n, 186n, 207n, 211n
Sefavíehs, the, i. 90n
Seilan, see [Ceylon]
Self-decapitation, ii. [349n]
Selitrennoyé Gorodok (Saltpetre Town), i. 5n, 6n
Seljukian dynasty, i. 44n
—— Turks, i. 91n
Selles, chevaux à deux, the phrase, ii. [440n]
Semal tree, ii. [394n]
Semedo, ii. [211n]
Semenat, see [Somnath]
Sempad, Prince, High Constable of Armenia, i. 186n, 352n
Sendal, a silk texture, ii. [10n], [37], [132], [182], [390], [464]
Sendaus, generally Taffetas, ii. [10n]
Sendemain, king of Seilan, ii. [313]
Seneca, Epistles, i. 14n
Senecherim, king of Armenia, i. 45n
Seni, Verzino, ii. [380n]
Senshing, i. 332n
Sensin, ascetics, devotees living on bran, i. 303, 321n–327n
Sentemur, ii. [98]
Sepulchre of Adam, see [Adam’s Sepulchre]
—— of our Lord, i. 19;
oil from, 14, 19, 26
Serano, Juan de, ii. [295n]
Serazi (Shíráz), kingdom of Persia, i. 83, 85n
Serendib, ii. [314n]
Seres, Sinae, 12;
their tree wool, ii. [137n];
ancient character of the, [211n]
Serpents, great, i.e. alligators, ii. [76] seqq., [81n], [360]
Sertorius, ii. [348n]
Sesamé, i. 158, 162n, ii. [431]
Sesnes, mediæval form of cygnes, cigni, i. 297n
Seta Ghella, seta Leggi (Ghellé), silk, i. 59n
Seth’s mission to Paradise, i. 136n
Sevan Lake, i. 58n
Seven Arts, the, i. 13, 14n
Severtsof, shoots the Ovis Poli, i. 175n, 177n;
on the name Bolor, 179n
Seyyed Barghash, Sultan of Zanzibar, ii. [420n]
Shabánkára, or Shawánkára (Soncara), i. 83, 85n–86n
Shabar, son of Kaidu, ii. [459n]
Sha-chau (Sachin), “Sand-district,” i. 203, 206n
Shadow, augury from length of, ii. [364]
Shah Abbas, i. 310n;
his Court, 385n
—— Jahan, i. 168n
Shahr-i-Babek, turquoise mine at, i. 92n
Shahr-i-Nao (Siam), ii. [279n]
Shahr Mandi, or Pandi, ii. [333n]
Shah Werdy, last of the Kurshid dynasty, i. 85n
Shaibani Khan, ii. [481n]
Shaikh-ul-Jibal, i. 142n, 144n, 145n
Shaikhs (Esheks), in Madagascar, ii. [411], [413n]
Shakespeare, on relation of gold to silver, ii. [95n]
Sháliát, ii. [440n]
Shamanism, i. 257n, 315n, 324n, 325n, ii. [97n].
(See also [Devil-Dancing].)
Shampath, ancestor of Georgian kings, i. 52n
Shamsuddin Shamatrani, ii. [303n]
Shamuthera, see [Sumatra]
Shan (Laotian, or Thai), ii. [74n], [90n], [96n], [113n], [278n]
—— race and country, ii. [117n], [128n]
—— dynasty in Yun-nan, ii. [73n], [79n]
—— ponies, ii. [82n]
—— state of Pong, see [Pong]
Shanars of Tinnevelly, ii. [97n];
their devil-worship, [359n]
Shang-hai, ii. [238n]
Shangking-Fungking, i. 345n
Shangtu, Shangdu (Chandu), i. 25n;
Kúblái’s City and Summer Palace, 298, 304n;
Dr. Bushell’s description of, 304n;
Kúblái’s annual visit to, 308n, 410
Shangtu Keibung, i. 306n, 308n
Shan-hai-kwan, i. 407n
Shankárah, Shabankára (Soncara), i. 83, 85n, 86n
Shan-si, ii. [12n], [14n], [15n], [23n], [25n], [32n], [135n], [143n], [167n]
Shan-tung, ii. [137n], [141n], [143n];
silk in, [136], [137n];
pears from, [210n]
Shao-hing-fu, ii. [220n–222n]
Shao-ling, pariah caste of, ii. [228n]
Sharakhs, i. 149n
Shara-ul-buks (Forest of box on the Black Sea), i. 57n
Sharks and shark charmers, ii. [332–337n]
Shauls, or Shúls, the, i. 85n, 87n
Shawánkára (Soncara), i. 83, 85n, 86n
Shaw, R. B., i. 169n, 178n, 195n, 276n, 315n, ii. [16n]
Shawls of Kerman, i. 96n
Sheep, fat-tailed in Kerman, i. 97, 100n
—— four-horned at Shehr, ii. [443], [494n]
—— large Indian, ii. [361]
—— none in Manzi, ii. [219]
—— of Pamir (Ovis Poli), i. 171, 176n
—— wild, of Badakhshan (Kachkár, Ovis Vignei), i. 158, 162n
—— with trucks behind, 100n
—— Zanghibar, ii. [422], [424n]
Sheep’s head given to horses, ii. [351n]
Shehr, or Shihr, see [Esher]
Shehrizor (Kerkuk), i. 62n
Shenrabs, i. 324n
Shen-si, ii. [23n], [25n], [26n], [31n], [32n], [167n], [237n]
Shentseu tribe, ii. [120n]
Sheuping, ii. [120n]
Shewá, cool plateau of, i. 163n
Shibrgán (Sapurgan), i. 149, 150n
Shieng, Sheng, or Sing, the Supreme Board of Administration, i. 431, 432n, ii. [154], [157n]
Shien-sien, Shin-sien, i. 322n
Shighnan (Syghinan), ruby mines, i. 157, 161n, 172n
Shijarat Malayu, or Malay Chronicle, ii. [287n], [288n], [294n], [296n], [300n], [302n]
Shikárgáh, applied to animal pattern textures, Benares brocades, i. 66n
Shing-king, or Mukden, i. 345n
Ships, of the Great Khan, ii. [142];
of India at Fuju, [231];
of Manzi described, [249–251];
mediæval, accounts of, [252n–253n];
in Japan, [264];
in Java Seas, [274n];
at Eli, [386]
Shíráz (Cerazi), i. 83, 85n
Shireghi, ii. [462n]
Shirha, ii. [436n]
Shirwan, ii. [495n]
Shi-tsung, Emperor, i. 310n
Shoa, ii. [434n], [436n]
Shob’aengs of Nicobar, ii. [308n]
Shodja ed-din Kurshid, Kurd, i. 85n
Shor-Rud (Salt River), i. 124n
Shot of Military Engines, ii. [159], [163n], [164n–168n]
Shpilevsky, i. 8n
Shúlistán (Suolstan), i. 83, 85n
Shúls of Shauls, people of Persia, i. 83n, 85n
Shut up nations, legend of the, 114, 136, i. 57n
Shwéli River, ii. [107n]
Siam, ii. [277n–280n];
king of, [278n]
Siang-yang-fu (Saianfu), Kúblái’s siege of, Polo’s aid in taking, 22, 112, ii. [158], [159];
difficulties in Polo’s account, [167n];
not removed by Pauthier, notice by Wassáf, Chinese account, Rashiduddin’s, [168n];
treasure buried, [169n]
Siberia, ii. [479–481n]
Sibree, on rofia palm, ii. [597n]
Sick men put to death and eaten by their friends, ii. [293], [298n]
Siclatoun, kind of texture, i. 283n
Siddhárta, ii. [322n]
Sidi Ali, i. 152n, 165n, 277n, ii. [5n], [402n], [444n], [453n]
Sien, Sien-Lo, Sien-Lo-Kok (Siam, Lo-cac), ii. [277n–280n]
Sifan, ii. [60n], [61n], [70n]
Sigatay, see [Chagatai]
Sighelm, envoy from King Alfred to India, ii. [357n]
Si Hia, language of Tangut, i. 29n
Si-hu, Lake of Kinsay or Hang-chau, ii. [186], [196n], [205n–207n], [211n], [214n]
Sijistán, i. 102n
Siju (Suthsian), ii. [141]
Sikintinju (Kien-chow), i. 343, 345n
Silesia, Mongol invasion of, ii. [493n]
Silk, called Ghellé (of Gilan), i. 52;
manufacture at Yezd, 88n;
at Taianfu, ii. [13];
in Shan-si and Shen-si, [22], [23n];
in Kenjanfu, [24];
Cuncun, [31];
Sindafu, [42n];
Kwei-chau, [126], [128n];
Tasinfu, [136], [137n];
Piju, [141];
Pao-ying-Hien, [152];
Nanghin, [157];
Chinhiang-fu, [176];
Chinginju, [178];
Suju, [181n];
Vughin, [182];
Kinsay, [187], [198n], [216];
Ghiuju, [219]
—— cotton tree, ii. [394n]
—— duty on, ii. [216]
—— and gold stuffs, i. 41, 60, 63, 75, 107, 257, 285, 383, 387, 415, ii. [10], [24], [132], [152], [157], [176], [181], [206], [238n], [390], [411]
—— stuffs and goods, Turcomania, i. 43;
Georgia, 50;
Baghdad, 63;
Yezd, 88;
Kerman, 90;
Tenduc province, 285;
Cambaluc, 415;
Juju, ii. [10];
Sindafu, [37];
Cacanfu, [132];
Chinangli, [135];
Suju, [181];
Vughin, [182];
Kinsay, [187];
in animal patterns, [63], [90];
with Cheetas, i. 398n;
of Kelinfu, ii. [225];
with giraffes, [424n]
Silk, tent ropes, i. 405;
bed furniture, 434
—— trade at Cambaluc, i. 415;
at Kinsay, ii. [187]
—— worms, ii [13], [24]
Silver chairs, i. 351, 355n
—— imported into Malabar, ii. [390];
Cambay, [398]
—— Island, ii. [174n]
—— mines at Baiburt, i. 46;
Gumish-Khánah, 49n;
in Badakhshan, 157;
in N. Shansi, 285, 295n;
Yun-nan, ii. [95n];
Russian, [487], [488n]
—— plate in Chinese taverns, ii. [187], [196n]
Simon, Metropolitan of Fars, ii. [377n]
—— Magus, i. 314n
Simúm, effects of, i. 109, 120n
Simurgh, ii. [415n], [419n]
Sinbad, his story of the diamonds, ii. [362n];
of the Rukh, [418n]
Sind (Sindhu-Sauvira), 12, i. 104n, 105n
Sindábúr (Goa), ii. [390n], [440n]
Sindachu (Siuen-hwa fu), i. 285, 295n
Sindafu (Chengtu-fu), ii. [36], [38n], [127], [128n]
Sindhu-Sauvira (Sindh-Ságor), i. 104n
Si-ngan fu (Kenjanfu), ii. [24n], [25n], [29n], [34n];
Christian inscription at, [27n], [29n]
Singapore, Singhapura, i. 37n, ii. [279n], [281n], [305n]
Singkel, ii. [300n]
Singphos, ii. [82n], [90n]
Sings, ii. [238n]
Singtur, Mongol Prince, ii. [111n]
Singuyli (Cranganor), ii. [426n]
Sinhopala (Accambale), king of Chamba, ii. [267]
Sinju (Si-ning fu), i. 274, 276n
—— (Ichin-hien), ii. [170]
Sinju-matu, ii. [137], [138]
Sínkalán, Sín-ul-Sín, Mahá-chin, or Canton, i. 294n, ii. [175n], [243n], [252n]
Sinope, i. 45n
Síráf (Kish, or Kais?), i. 65n
Sir-i-Chashma, i. 58n
Sirikol, Lake and River, i. 174n, 176n, 182n
Sírján or Shirján, i. 92n, 122n
Sis, i. 42n
Sístán, i. 61n
Sitting in air, i. 315n, 316n
Siu-chau, ii. [129n–131n]
Siuen-hwa-fu, see [Sindachu]
Siva, ii. [321n], [334n]
Sivas, Siwas, Sebaste, Sevasd (Savast), i. 43, 44n, 45n
Siwastán, ii. [427n]
Siwi, gigantic cotton in, ii. [394n]
Sixtus V., Pope, ii. [326n]
Siya-gosh, or lynx, i. 399n
Siyurgutmish, i. 91n
Sladen, Major, ii. [82n], [90n], [95n], [107n], [198n]
Slaves in Bengal, ii. [115]
Sledges, dog-, ii. [480], [481n–483n]
Sleeping-mats, leather, ii. [394], [395n]
Sluices of Grand Canal, ii. [175n]
Smith, G., Bishop of Hongkong, i. 347n
Smith (R.E.), Major R. M., i. 89n, 96n,
99n, 106n, 111n–114n
Sneezing, omen from, ii. [364n]
Socotra (Scotra), island of, ii. [404], [406], [408n];
history of, [408n–410n];
Christian Archbishop, [406];
aloes of, [409n]
Soer (Suhar), ii. [340], [348n]
Sofala, trade to China from, ii. [400n]
Sogoman Borcan, see [Sakya Muni]
Sol, Arbre, see [Arbre]
Soldaia, Soldachia, Sodaya (the Oriental Sudák), 15, 26, i. 2, 3n, 4
Soldan, a Melic, ii. [470], [472]
Soldurii, trusty lieges of Celtic kings, ii. [348n]
Soli, Solli (Chola, or Tanjore), kingdom of, ii. [335n], [364], [368n], [403n]
Solomon, house of, in Abyssinia, ii. [434n]
Soltania, Archbishop of, ii. [213n].
(See [Sultaniah].)
Somnath (Semenat), ii. [398], [400n];
gates of, [399], [400n–401n]
Sonagar-pattanam, ii. [372n]
Soncara (Shawankára), i. 83, 85n
Sonder Bandi Davar, see [Sundara Pandi]
Sondur and Condur (Pulo Condore Group), ii. [276], [277n]
Sorcerers, sorceries of Pashai (Udyana), i, 164;
Kashmir, 166, 168n, 301, ii. [593n];
Lamas and Tibetans, ib., [314n–318n]
—— Dagroian, ii. [293], [298n];
Socotra, [407], [410n].
(See also [Conjurers].)
Sornau (Shahr-i-Nau), Siam, ii. [279n]
Sotiates, tribe of Aquitania, ii. [348n]
Soucat, ii. [277]
Southey, St Romuald, ii. [84n]
Spaan, Ispahan, i. 85n
Sposk, district, i. 7n
Spezerie, i. 43n
Spice, Spicery, i. 41, 60, 107, 205, 302, 382, 441, ii. [49], [56], [66], [115], [116], [123], [202], [216], [234], [264], [272], [284], [389], [390n], [423], [438], [450]
Spice wood, i. 405, 409n
Spices in China, duty on, ii. [216]
Spikenard, ii. [115], [272], [284], [287n], [390]
Spinello Aretini, fresco by, i. 118n
Spirit drawings and spiritual flowers, i. 460n
Spirits haunting deserts, i. 197, 209n, 274
Spiritualism in China, i. 325n
Spitoons, pocket, i. 458, 462n
Spodium (Spodos), i. 125, 126n
Sport and game, i. 41, 88, 91, 149, 151, 153, 158, 160, 171, 223, 252, 260, 275, 285, 296, 299, 397, 400–406, 411;
in Shan-si, ii. [22];
Cachanfu, [24];
Cuncun, [31];
Acbalec Manzi, [34];
Tibet, [50];
Caindu, [56];
Zardandan, [85];
Mien, [111];
Linju, [140];
Cagu, [153];
Nanghin, [157];
Saianfu, [158];
Ching-hiang-fu, [176];
Chinginju, [178];
Changan, [182];
Kinsay, [201], [207], [219];
Fuju, [225], [226], [234];
Lambri, [299];
Maabar, [345];
Comari, [382];
Eli, [386]
Springolds, ii. [161n]
Springs, hot, i. 110, 122n
Sprinkling of drink, a Tartar rite, i. 300, 308n
Squares at Kinsay, ii. [201], [209n]
Sri-Thammarat, ii. [278n]
Sri-Vaikuntham, ii. [374n]
Sse River, ii. [139n]
Stack, E., visits Kuh Banan, i. 126n
Star Chart, ii. [314n]
Star of Bethlehem, traditions about, i. 82n
Steamers on Yangtse-kiang, ii. [173n]
Steel mines at Kermán, i. 90, 92n;
in Chingintalas, 212;
Indian, 93n, 94n;
Asiatic view of, 94n
Stefani, Signor, i. 7, ii. [507n]
Stein, Dr. M. A., on Sorcery in Kashmir, ii. [593n];
on Paonano Pao, [593n];
on Pamirs, [593n–594n];
on site of Pein, [595n]
Stiens of Cambodia, ii. [82n], [97n]
Stirrups, short and long, ii. [78], [82n]
Stitched vessels, i. 108, 117n
Stockade erected by Polo’s party in Sumatra, ii. [292]
Stone, miracle of the, at Samarkand, i. 185, 187n
—— the green, i. 187n
—— towers in Chinese cities, ii. [189]
—— umbrella column, ii. [212n]
Stones giving invulnerability, ii. [259], [263n]
Suákin, ii. [439n]
Submersion of part of Ceylon, ii. [313], [314n]
Subterraneous irrigation, i. 89n, 123, 124n
Suburbs of Cambaluc, i. 412
Subutai, Mongol general, i. 8n, ii. [168n]
Su-chau (Suju), ii. [179], [181], [199n];
plan of, [183n], [184n]
Suchnan River, i. 172n
Sudarium, the Holy, i. 213
Súddhodhana, ii. [322n]
Sugar, Bengal, ii. [115];
manufactured, [215], [231];
art of refining, [226], [230n];
of Egypt and China, [231]
Suh-chau (Sukchur), i. 217, 218n, 282n
Suicides before an idol, ii. [340], [349n]
Sukchur, province Sukkothai, i. 217
Sukkothai, ii. [278n], [279n]
Suḳlát, broadcloth, i. 283n
Sukum Kala’, i. 57n
Suleiman, Sultan, i. 17n, 44n, ii. [74n], [80n]
Sulphur and quicksilver, potion of longevity, ii. [365], [369n]
Sultaniah, Monument at, ii. [478n].
(See [Soltania].)
Sultan Shah, of Badakhshan, i. 163n
Sumatra (Java the Less), 23, 120, i. 34, ii. [288n], [300n–301n];
described, its kingdoms, [284], [286n], [287n];
circuit, [284], [286n]
Sumatra, Samudra, city and kingdom of (Samara for Samatra), ii. [292], [306n];
legend of origin, [294n];
Ibn Batuta there, [294n];
its position, [295n];
latest mention of, [296n];
wine-pots, [297n]
Sumbawa, ii. [287n]
Summers, Professor, ii. [277n]
Sumutala, Sumuntala, see [Sumatra]
Sun and moon, trees of the, i. 130n
Sundara Pandi Devar (Sondar Bandi Davar), king in Ma’bar, ii. [331];
his death, [333n];
Dr. Caldwell’s views about, [333n], [334n]
Sundar Fúlát (Pulo Condore Group), ii. [277n]
Sung, a native dynasty reigning in S. China till Kúblái’s conquest, 12, i. 38n, ii. [135], [151n], [194n];
their paper-money, effeminacy, [20n], [150n], [207], [208], [211n];
cremation, [135n];
Kúblái’s war against, [148n], [149n];
end of them, [167n], [168n]
Sunnis and Shias, i. 160n
Suolstan (Shulistan), a kingdom in Persia, i. 83, 85n
Superstitions in Tangut, the devoted sheep or ram (Tengri Tockho), i. 204, 207n;
the dead man’s door, 205, 209n;
as to chance shots, 439;
in Carajan, ii. [79], [82n], [84n];
devil-dancing, [86];
property of the dead, [111];
Sumatran, [293], [298n];
Malabar, [339] seqq.;
as to omens, [343–344], [364–365]
Sûr-Raja, ii. [374n]
Survival, instances of, ii. [93n]
Sushun, Regent of China, execution of (1861), i. 428n
Su-tásh, the Jadek, i. 193n
Suttees in S. India, ii. [341], [349n];
of men, [340]
Svastika, sacred symbol of the Bonpos, i. 324n
Swans, wild, at Chagan-Nor, i. 296
Swat, i. 178n
—— River, i. 164n
Swi-fu, ii. [131n]
Sword blades of India, i. 93n, 96n
Syghinan, see [Shighnan]
Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, i. 102n, 106n, 113n, 114n, 119n, 124n, 126n, 127n, 128n
Sylen (Ceylon), ii. [426n]
Symbolical messages, Scythian and Tartar, ii. [497n–498n]
Syrian Christians, ii. [377n] seqq., [433n]
Syrrhaptes Pallasii, see [Barguerlac]
Szechényi, Count, i. 207n
Sze-ch’wan (Ch’êng-tu), ii. [32n], [34n], [35n], [37n], [40n], [42n], [45n], [46n], [48n], [58n], [60n], [69n], [128n], [131n], [134n];
aborigines, [60n]
Tabashir, ii. [263n], [396n]
Tabbas, i. 124n
Table of the Great Khan, i. 381
Tables, how disposed at Mongol feasts, i. 384n
Tablet, Emperor’s, adored with incense, i. 391, 393n
Tablets of Authority, Golden (Páizah), presented by Khan to Polos, i. 15, 16, 34, 35;
lion’s head and gerfalcon, 35, 351;
bestowed on distinguished captains, inscription, 350, 351n–354n;
cat’s head, 356n;
granted to governors of different rank, 431
—— worshipped by Cathayans, i. 456, 458n
Tabriz (Tauris), i. 17n, 74, 76n
Tachindo, see [Ta-t’sien-lu]
Tacitus, Claustra Caspiorum, Pass of Derbend, i. 53n
Tactics, Tartar, i. 262, 265n, ii. [460]
Tacuin, i. 447, 448n
Tadinfu, ii. [136]
Taeping Insurrection and Devastations, ii. [154n], [158n], [173n], [176n], [177n], [179n], [184n], [196n], [222n]
Taeping, or Taiping, Sovereigns’ effeminate customs, ii. [20n]
Taffetas, ii. [10n]
Taft, near Yezd, turquoise at, i. 92n
Tafurs, i. 313n
Tagachar, ii. [471], [474n]
Tagaung, ii. [107n], [111n], [113n]
Tagharma Pass, i. 172n, ii. [594n]
Tághdúngbásh River, i. 175n
Taianfu (T’ai-yuan-fu), king of N. China, ii. [12], [14n], [15n]
Taiani, ii. [432n]
Taican, see [Talikan]
Taichau (Tigu), ii. [154n]
T’aiching-Kwan, ii. [26n]
Taidu, Daitu, Tatu, Kúblái’s new city of Cambaluc, i. 305n, 306n, 374, 375n
Taikung, see [Tagaung]
Tailed men, in Sumatra, ii. [299], [301n];
elsewhere, [301n–302n];
English, [302n]
Tailors, none in Maabar, ii. [338]
Taimúni tribe, i. 100n
Taiting-fu (Tadinfu), or Yenchau, ii. [137n]
Taitong-fu, see [Tathung]
Tai-tsu, Emperor, i. 428n
T’ai Tsung, Emperor, ii. [15n], [28n]
Taiyang Khan (Great King), king of the Naimans, ii. [20n]
Tajiks of Badakhshan, great topers, i. 153, 155n
Takfúr, ii. [148n]
Takhtapul, i. 152n
Táki-uddin, Abdu-r Rahmán, ii. [333n]
Takla-Makan, i. 190n
Talains, ii. [74n]
Talas River, ii. [459n]
Tali, gold mines, ii. [81n]
Talifu (Carajan), ii. [67n], [76n], [79n], [80n], [105n], [107n], [111n]
Talikan, Thaikan (Taican), i. 153, 154n, 163n
Tallies, record by, ii. [86], [96n]
Tamarind, pirates’ use of, ii. [392], [394n]
Tamerlan, i. 8n
Tana (Azov), 9, 43, 72, i. 4n, 6n, 19n
—— near Bombay, kingdom of, ii. [395], [396n], [403n], [426n], [440n]
Tana-Maiambu, ii. [396n]
Tana-Malayu, ii. [281n], [283n]
Tánasi cloth, ii. [396n]
Tanduc, see [Tenduc]
T’ang dynasty, ii. [28n], [194n], [278n]
Tangnu Oola, branch of Altai, i. 215n
Tangut province, Chinese Si Hia, or Ho Si, i. 29n, 203, 214n, 217, 219, 220n, 223, 224n, 245n, 274, 276n, 281;
five invasions of, 281n
Tangutan, term applied to Tibetan speaking people round the Koko-nor, i. 206n
Tanjore, ii. [334n], [335n];
Suttee at, [349n];
Pagoda at, [352n];
fertility of, [368n]
Tánkíz Khan, applied to Chinghiz, i. 247n
Tanpiju (Shaohing?), ii. [218]
Tantras, Tantrika, Tantrists, i. 315n, 323n, 326n
Tao-lin, a Buddhist monk, i. 165n
Tao-sze (Taossé), sect, i. 321n–325n;
female idols of the, 303, 327n
Ta-pa-Shan range, ii. [34n], [35n]
Taprobana, mistakes about, ii. [295n]
Tarakai, ii. [475n]
Tarantula, ii. [346], [364]
Tarcasci, i. 366n
Tarem, or Tárum, i. 86n, 122n
Tares of the parable, i. 122n
Taríkh-i-Rashídí, i. 194n
Tarmabala, Kúblái’s grandson, i. 361n
Tarok, Burmese name for Chinese, ii. [113n]
Tarok Man and Tarok Myo, ii. [113n]
Tartar language, i. 12;
on Tartar, its correct form, 12n;
misuse by Ramusio, 458n
Tartars, i. 1, 4, 5, 10, 13, 50, 90, 97, 99, 110n, 121n, 151;
different characters used by, 28n;
identified with Gog and Magog, 57n;
ladies, 76n;
their first city, 226;
original country, tributary to Prester John, ib.;
revolt and migration, 227;
earliest mention of the word, 230n;
make Chinghiz their king, 238;
his successors, 245;
their customs and religion, 249n, 251, 256;
houses, 252, 253n;
waggons, 252, 254n;
chastity of their women, 252, 256n;
polygamy, etc., 252, 256n;
their gods and idols, 256;
their drink (Kumiz), 257, 259n;
cloths, 257, 295n;
arms, horses, and war customs, 260–263;
military organization, 261, 263n;
sustenance on rapid marches, 261;
blood-sucking, 261, 264n;
portable curd, 262, 265n;
tactics in war, 262, 265n;
degeneracy, 263, 266n;
administration of justice, 266;
laws against theft, 266, 268n;
posthumous marriage, 267, 268n;
the cudgel, 266, 267n;
Rubruquis’ account of, 236n;
Joinville’s, 237n;
custom before a fight, 337;
want of charity to the poor, 445;
conquerors of China, history of, ii. [20];
excellence in archery, [102];
objection to meddling with things pertaining to the dead, [111];
admiration of the Polo mangonels, [160];
employment of military engines, [168n];
their cruelties, [180n];
arrows, [460];
marriage customs, i. 33n, 252–253, ii. [467]
—— in the Far North, ii. [479]
—— of the Levant, see [Levant]
—— of the Ponent, see [Ponent]
Tartary cloths, i. 257, 295n
Tarungares, tribe, ii. [298n]
Tásh Kurgán, i. 172n, ii. [594n]
Tataríya coins, i. 12n
Tathung, or Taitongfu, i. 245n, 286n, 289n
Ta-t’sien-lu, or Tachindo, Tartsédo, ii. [45n], [48n], [49n], [52n], [60n], [67n], [70n]
Ta Tsing River, ii. [137n], [143n]
Tattooing, ii. [84], [90n], [117], [119n], [131n], [235], [242n], [297n];
artists in, [235], [242n]
Tatu (Taichu), i. 374
—— River, ii. [61n]
Tauris, see [Tabriz]
Taurizi, Torissi, i. 74, 75n
Tawálisi, ii. [465n]
Taxes, see [Customs], [Duties]
Tchakiri Mondou (Modun), i. 404, 408n
Tchekmen, thick coarse cotton stuff, i. 190n
Tea-houses at Kingszé, ii. [196n]
Tea trees in E. Tibet, ii. [59n]
Tebet, see [Tibet]
Tedaldo, see [Theobald]
Teeth, custom of casing in gold, ii. [84], [88n–91n]
—— of Adam or of Buddha, ii. [319], [329n–330n]
—— conservation of, by Brahmans, ii. [365]
Tegana, ii. [471]
Teghele, Atabeg of Lúr, i. 85n
Teimur (Temur), Kúblái’s grandson and successor, i. 360, ii. [149], [459n]
Tekla, Hamainot, ii. [356]
Tekrit, i. 61n
Telingana, see [Tilinga]
Telo Samawe, ii. [295n]
Tembul (Betel), chewing, ii. [371], [374n]
Temkan, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n
Temple, connection of Cilician Armenia with Order of, i. 24n
—— Master of the, i. 23, 24n
Temple’s account of the Condor, ii. [417n]
Temujin, see [Chinghiz]
Tenduc, or Tanduc, plain of, i. 240, 241;
province of, 284, 286n
Tengri, Supreme deity of Tartars, i. 257n–258n
Tennasserim, ii. [279n];
(Tanasari), [314n]
Tents, the Khan’s, i. 404, 409n
Terebinth, i. 125n;
of Mamre, 132n, 135n
Terlán, goshawk, i. 57n
Teroa Mountains, ii. [420n]
Terra Australis, ii. [274n]
Te-Tsung, Emperor, ii. [28n]
Thai, Great and Little, ii. [287n];
race, [278n]
Thaigin, ii. [25n], [26n]
Thai-yuanfu (Taianfu), ii. [12], [14n–17n]
Thard-wahsh, see [Patterns, Beast and Bird]
Theft, Tartar punishment of, i. 266, 268n
Theistic worship, i. 456, 458n
Thelasar, ii. [431n]
Theobald, or Tedaldo of Piacenza, i. 17, 20, 21n, ii. [593n];
chosen Pope as Gregory X., i. 20;
sends friars with the Polos and presents, 22, 23n
Theodorus, king of Abyssinia, ii. [436n]
Theodosius the Great, i. 49n
Theophilus, Emperor of Constantinople, i. 385n
—— missionary, ii. [409n]
Thévenot, Travels, i. 81n
Thian Shan, i. 175n, 177n, 191n
Thianté-Kiun, i. 286n
Thin l’Evêque, siege of, ii. [163n], [165n]
Thinae of Ptolemy, ii. [27n]
Tholoman, see [Coloman]
Thomas, Edward, i. 87n, ii. [115n], [164n]
—— of Mancasola, Bishop of Samarcand, i. 186n
Thread, Brahmanical, ii. [363]
Three kingdoms (San-Kwé), ii. [38n]
Threshold, a great offence to step on the, i. 383, 385n
Thurán Shah’s History of Hormuz, i. 120n
Tibet (Tebet) province, ii. [42], [49];
boundary of, [49], [52n];
its acquisition by Mongols, [46n];
organisation under Kúblái, [46n];
dogs of, [45], [49], [52n]
Tibetan language and character, i. 29n;
origin of the Yue-chi, 174n
Tibetans, i. 165n;
superstitions of, 208n, 209n;
and Kashmiris (Tebet and Keshimur), sorceries of, 301, 315n;
accused of cannibalism, 301, 312n
Tides in Hang-chau estuary, ii. [150n], [208n]
Tierce, half-tierce, etc., hours of, ii. [364], [368n]
Tiflis, i. 49n, 57n, 58n
Tigado, Castle of, i. 148n
Tigers (called lions by Polo), ii. [225], [231n], [411];
trained to the chase, i. 397, 399n;
in Cuncun, ii. [31];
in Caindu, [56];
Kwei-chau, [127n].
(See also [Lions].)
Tigris River (Volga), i. 5, 9n;
at Baghdad, 63, 64n
Tigúdar (Acomat Soldan), ii. [468n]
Tiju, ii. [153], [154n]
Tiles, enamelled, i. 364, 370n
Tilinga, Telingana, Tiling, Telenc, ii. [362n], [427n]
Tiling, ii. [427n]
Timur of Toumen, chief of the Nikoudrians, i. 102n
Timur the Great, i. 5n, 9n, 45n, 49n, 52n, 61n, 86n, 152n, 155n, 187n, ii. [166n]
Timurids, the, i. 85n
Ting, 10 taels of silver = tael of gold, i. 427n, ii. [217n], [218n]
Tinju, ii. [153], [154n]
Tinnevelly, ii. [359n], [373n], [403n]
Tithe on clothing material, i. 445
Tithing men, Chinese (Pao-kia), ii. [200n]
Titus, Emperor, i. 66n
Tjajya, see [Choiach]
Toba race, i. 205n
Toctai, king, see [Toktai]
Tod, Colonel James, i. 104n, 114n, 169n, 183n
Toddy, see [Wine of Palm]
Togan, ii. [471], [474n]
Toghrul I., i. 49n
—— Shah of Kermán, i. 113n
Toghon Temur, last Mongol Emperor, i. 228n;
his wail, 305n
Togrul Wang Khan, see [Prester John]
Toka Tumir, i. 8n
Tokat, i. 45n
Toktai Khan (Toctai, Lord of the Ponent), 72, ii. [487], [491], [496];
wars with Noghai, [499];
his symbolic message, [497n], [498n]
Tolan-nur (Dolonnúr), i. 26n
Toleto, John de, Cardinal Bishop of Portus, i. 21n
Tolobuga, ii. [496], [497n]
Toman (Tuman, etc.), Mongol word for 10,000, i. 261, 263n, ii. [192], [200n], [217n], [218n], [462n]
Tongking, Tungking, ii. [119n], [120n], [128n], [131n]
Tooth-relique of Buddha, ii. [319–320];
history of, [329n–330n]
Torchi, Dorjé, Kúblái’s first-born, i. 361n
Tornesel, i. 423, 426n
Torro River, i. 345n
Torshok, ii. [489n]
Torture by constriction in raw hide, i. 262n
Toscaul, tosḳáúl (toscaol), watchman, i. 403, 407n
Tournefort, on cold at Erzrum, i. 49n
Tower and Bell Alarm at Peking, i. 375, 378n;
at Kinsay, ii. [189]
Toyan (Tathung?), i. 286n
Trade at Layas, i. 41;
by Baghdad, 63;
at Tauris, 75;
at Cambaluc, 415;
in Shan-si, ii. [22];
on the Great Kiang, [36], [170];
at Chinangli, [135];
at Sinju Matu, [138];
Kinsay, [187], [190], [202], [216];
Fu-chau [231];
Zayton [234];
Java, [272];
Malaiur, [280];
Cail, [370];
Coilum, [375];
Melibar, [389];
Tana, [395];
Cambaet, [398];
Kesmacoran, [401];
Socotra, [407]
—— of India with Hormuz, i. 107;
with Egypt by Aden, ii. [438], [439n];
with Esher, [442];
with Dofar, [444];
with Calatu, [450]
Trades in Manzi, alleged to be hereditary, ii. [186], [196n]
Tramontaine, ii. [296n]
Transmigration, i. 456, ii. [213n], [318–319]
Traps for fur animals, ii. [481], [483n]
Travancore, ii. [383n], [403n];
Rajas of, [380n]
Treasure of Maabar kings, ii. [340], [348n–349n]
Trebizond, 43, i. 19n, 36, 46;
Emperors of, and their tails, ii. [302n]
Trebuchets, ii. [159], [160n], [161n]
Trees, of the Sun and Moon, i. 129n, 130n;
superstitions about, 131n–135n;
by the highways, 440;
camphor, ii. [234], [237n];
producing wine, [292], [297n], [300], [313];
producing flour (sago), [300], [304n–305n]
Tregetoures, i. 386n
Trench, Archbishop, i. 201n, ii. [82n]
Trevisano, Azzo, 8, 17, 25, 65
—— Marc’Antonio, Doge, 8, 78
Trincomalee, ii. [337n]
Tringano, ii. [279n]
Trinkat, ii. [308n]
‘Trusty lieges,’ devoted comrades of king of Maabar, ii. [339], [347n]
T’sang-chau, ii. [133n], [137n]
T’siang-kiun (‘General’), ii. [138n], [261n]
Ts’ien-T’ang River, ii. [194n], [198n], [208n], [214n], [220n–222n];
bore in, [150n], [208n]
T’si-nan-fu (Chinangli), ii. [137n], [138n]
T’sing-chau, ii. [138n]
T’sing-ling range, ii. [35n]
T’si-ning-chau, ii. [137n], [139n]
Tsin-tsun, ii. [229n]
Tsiuan-chau, T’swanchau, see [Zayton]
Tsongkhapa, Tibetan Reformer, i. 315n
Ts’uan-chou, see [Zayton]
Tsukuzi in Japan, ii. [260n]
Tsung-ngan-hien, ii. [224n]
Tsushima, Island, ii. [260n]
Tuan, Prince, chief of the Boxers, i. 282n
Tuc, tuk, tugh, commanders of 100,000, horse-tail or yak-tail standard, i. 261, 263n
Tudai, Ahmad Khan’s wife, ii. [471n]
Tudai-Mangku (Totamangu or Totamangul), ii. [491], [492n], [496], [497n], [499]
Tu-fan, ancient name of Tibet, ii. [46n]
Tughan, Tukan, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n, ii. [270n]
Tughlak Shah, of Delhi (a Karaunah), i. 101n
Tuktugai Khan, i. 9n
Tu-ku-hun, i. 193n
Tuli, or Tulin, fourth son of Chinghiz, ii. [32n]
Tuman, see [Toman]
Tumba, Angelo di, 25;
Marco di, 65
Tún, city of E. Persia, i. 86n, 124n
Tung-’an in Fokien, ii. [243n]
Tungani, or Converts, Mahomedans in N. China and Chinese Turkestan, i. 291n
Tung-chau (Tinju), ii. [154n]
Tung-hwang-hien, ancient Shachau, i. 206n
Tung-kwan, fortress of the Kin sovereigns, ii. [14n], [25n], [27n]
Tung-lo (Kumiz), i. 259n
Tunguses, i. 271n
Tunny fish, i. 108, 416n, ii. [442]
Tun-o-kain (Tunocain), kingdom of Persia, i. 83, 86n, 127, 128n, 138n, 145n
Turbit (radex Turpethi), ii. [389], [391n]
Turcomania (Anatolian Turkey), i. 43
Turgaut, day-watch, i. 381n
Turkey, Great (Turkestan), i. 191, ii. [286n], [452], [457], [458], [462], [477]
Turkistan chiefs send mission to kings of India, ii. [370n]
Turkmans and Turks, distinction between, i. 44n, 101n;
horses, 43, 44n
Turks, ancient mention of, i. 56;
friend of Polo’s, 213;
and Mongols, 294n
Turmeric, ii. [226n]
Turner, Lieutenant Samuel, describes Yak of Tartary, i. 277n
Turquans, Turkish horses, i. 43
Turquoises in Kermán, i. 90, 92n;
in Caindu, ii. [53]
Turtle doves, i. 97, 99n
Turumpak, Hormuz, i. 111n
Tutia (Tutty), preparation of, i. 125, 126n, ii. [398]
Tuticorin, ii. [372n]
Tu T’song, Sung Emperor of China, ii. [150n], [211n]
Tver, ii. [489n]
Twelve, a favourite round number, ii. [426n]
—— Barons over Khan’s Administration, i. 430, ii. [154]
Twigs or arrows, divination by, i. 241, 242n
Tyuman, ii. [481n]
Tyunju, porcelain manufacture, ii. [235], [242n]
Tylor, Dr. E. B., on Couvade, ii. [93n], [94n]
Tzarev, i. 6n
Tzaritzyn, i. 6n, 57n
Ucaca (Ukak, Ukek, Uwek), i. 5, 8n, 9n;
Ukák of Ibn Batuta, a different place, ii. [488n]
Uch-baligh, 134
Uch-Multán, i. 86n
Udoe country, ii. [42], [598n]
Udong, ii. [279n]
Udyána, i. 164n
Ughuz, legend of, ii. [485n]
Uighúr character, parent of present Mongol writing, i. 14n, 28n, 160n, 353n
Uighúrs, the, i. 76n, 214n, 227n, ii. [179n], [462n]
Uiraca, i. 282n
Uirad, see [Oirad]
Ujjain, legend of, ii. [349n];
(Ozene), [397n], [426n]
Ukak, ii. [488n].
(See [Ucaca].)
Ulatai (Oulatay), Tartar envoy from Persia, i. 32, 33n, ii. [471], [474n]
Ulakhai, i. 282n
Ulan Muren (Red River), i. 250n
Ulugh Bagh, on Badakhshan border, i. 154n
—— Mohammed, i. 8n
Ulús, the, i. 10n
U-man and Pe-man (Black and White Barbarians), ii. [73n]
Umbrellas, i. 351, 354n, 355n
Unc Can (Aung Khan), see [Prester John]
Ung (Ungkút), Tartar tribe, i. 285, 294n
Ungrat (Kungurat), Tartar tribe, i. 357, 358n
Unicorn (Rhinoceros), in Burma, ii. [107];
Sumatra, [285], [289], [299];
legend of Virgin and, [285], [290n];
horns of, [291n]
Unken, City, ii. [226], [229n], [230n], [233n]
Unlucky hours, ii. [364]
U-nya-Mwezi superstition, i. 130n
Urduja, Princess, ii. [465n]
Uriangkadai, ii. [46n]
Uriangkut (Tunguses), i. 271n
Urianhai, the, i. 271n
Urumtsi, i. 201n, 214n
Urzú, i. 122n
Uspenskoye (called also Bolgarskoye), i. 7n
Uttungadeva, king of Java, ii. [275n]
Uwek, see [Ucaca]
Uzbeg Khan of Sarai, i. 4n, 6n, 352n
Uzbegs of Kunduz, i. 156n, 163n
Uzun Tati, coins, Chinese porcelain from, ii. [595n]
Vair, the fur and animal, i. 257, ii. [479], [483n], [484n], [486n], [487]
—— as an epithet of eyes, 124
Valaghir district, i. 54n
Vámbéry, Prof. Hermann, i. 10n, 28n, 54n, 57n, 170n, 214n, 237n, 401n, ii. [465]
Vanchu (Wangchu), conspires with Chenchu against Ahmad, i. 417–419, 422n
Van Lake, i. 57n
Varaegian, Varangian, ii. [490n]
Varaha Mihira, astronomer, i. 104n
Vardoj River, i. 156n, 172n
Varini, ii. [490n]
Varsach, or Mashhad River, i. 155n, 156n
Vasmulo, i. 292n
Vateria Indica, ii. [396n]
Veil of the Temple, πέπλος βαβυλώνιος, i. 66
Vellalars, ii. [372n]
Venádan, title of king of Kaulam, ii. [380n]
Venetians, factory at Soldaia, i. 4n;
expelled from Constantinople, 19n
Venice, 2, 15, 16, i. 2, 18, 19, 36, 41;
return of Polos to, 4, 24, 54, i. 36;
its exaltation after Latin conquest of Constantinople, 9;
its nobles, 14;
Polo’s mansion at, 23 seqq.;
galleys, 32 seqq.;
archives at, 70 seqq.;
articles brought from East by Marco to, i. 274, ii. 299, 305n
Ventilators at Hormuz, ii. [452], [453n]
Verlinden, Belgian missionary, i. 249n
Verniques, i. 382, 384n
Verzino Colombino, ii. [380n].
(See also [Brazil].)
Vessels, war, i. 34, 37n;
stitched of Kermán (πλοιάρια ῥαπτά), i. 108, 117n, ii. [415n];
on the Kiang, [170], [171], [173n].
(See also [Ships].)
Vial, Paul, French missionary, ii. [63n]
Vijayanagar, [362n]
Vikramajit, legend of, ii. [349n]
Vikrampúr, ii. [99n]
Villard de Honnecourt, Album of, ii. [164n]
Vincent of Beauvais, ii. [325n]
Vincenzo, P., ii. [410n]
Vineyards, in Taican, i. 153;
Kashgar, 181;
Khotan, 188;
in N. China, ii. [10], [11n], [13], [15n]
Vinson, Prof., on Couvade, ii. [91n]
Virgin of Cape Comorin, ii. [382n]
Visconti, Tedaldo, or Tebaldo, see [Theobald of Piacenza]
Vissering, on Chinese Currency, i. 428n, 429n
Vochan (Unchan, Yungchan), ii. [84], [86], [89n];
battle there, [98], [101], [104n–106n]
Vogels, J., ii. [601n], [602n]
Vokhan, see [Wakhán]
Volga, called Tigris, i. 5, 7n, 9n, ii. [485n], [488n]
Vos, Belgian Missionary, i. 249n
Vughin, ii. [182]
Vuju in Kiangnan, ii. [182]
—— in Che-kiang, ii. [219]
Wadoe tribe, ii. [420n]
Wakf, i. 67n
Wakhán (Vokhan), dialect, i. 162n, 171, 173n
—— Mountains, i. 162n, 175n
Wakhjīr Pass, i. 175n, ii. [594n]
Wakhijrui Pass, see [Wakhjīr Pass]
Wakhsh, branch of the Oxus, ii. [5n]
Wakhtang II. king of Georgia, i. 53n
Walashjird, i. 106n
Wallachs, ii. [489n], [491n]
Wall of Alexander (or Caucasian), i. 50, 53n
—— of Gog and Magog (i.e. China), 111, i. 285, 292n
Walnut-oil, i. 158, 162n
Wami River, ii. [420n]
Wang, Chinese silk, i. 237n, 361n, ii. [113n]
Wang, king of Djungar, i. 250n
Wangchu, see [Vanchu]
Wapila, i. 54n
Warangol Ku, ii. [362n]
Warangs, ii. [490n]
Warner, Dr., ii. [604n]
War vessels, Chinese, i. 34, 37n
Wassáf, the historian, i. 68n;
his character of the Karaunahs, 101n;
notices of Hormuz, 120n, 121n;
eulogy of Kúblái, 332n;
story of Kúblái, 440n;
his style, ii. [150n];
account of taking of Siang-yang, [150n], [167n];
of Kinsay, [213n];
Maabar, [333n];
horse trade to India, [348n];
treatment of them there, [351n];
extract from his history, [495n]
Water, bitter, i. 110, 122n, 194
—— custom of lying in, i. 108, 119n;
consecration by Lamas, 309n
—— Clock, i. 378n
Wathek, Khalif, i. 57n
Wa-tzŭ, Lolo slaves, ii. [63n]
Weather-conjuring, i. 301, 309n–311n
Wei dynasty, i. 205n, ii. [437n]
Weights and measures, ii. [590n–592n]
Wei-ning, ii. [130n]
Wei River in Shen-si, ii. [27n], [29n], [35n]
—— in Shan-tung, ii. [139n]
Wen River, ii. [139n]
Wen-chow, ii. [239n]
Westermarck, Human Marriage, ii. [48n], [93n]
Whale oil, including spermaceti, i. 108, 117n, ii. [407], [408n]
Whales, ii. [249];
in Socotra, [407];
Madagascar, [411], [414n];
species of Indian Ocean, [408n];
sperm (Capdoille), [411], [414n]
Wheaten bread not eaten, i. 438n;
at Yachi, ii. [66], [74n]
White bears, ii. [479]
—— bone, Chinese for Lolos, ii. [63n]
—— camels, i. 281
—— City, meaning of term among Tartars, i. 297n, ii. [14n]
—— City, of Manzi frontier, ii. [34n]
—— Devils, ii. [355], [359n]
—— Feast at Kúblái’s City, i. 390, 392n
—— Horde, ii. [481n]
—— horses and mares, i. 300, 390;
offered to Khan, 308n
Whittington and his cat in Persia, i. 65n
Wild asses and oxen, see [Asses] and [Oxen]
William of Tripoli, Friar, i. 22;
his writings, 23n, 24n
Williams, Dr. S. W., on the Chinese year, i. 388n;
on elephants at Peking, 392n
Williamson, Rev. A., i. 135n, 217n, ii. [8n], [11n], [12n], [15n], [16n], [137n]
Wilson, General Sir C., i. 45n
Wind, poison (Simúm), i. 108, 120n;
monsoons, ii. [264–265]
Wine, of the vine, Persians lax in abstaining from, i. 84, 87n, 96n
—— boiled, i. 84, 87n, 153n, 155n
—— of ancient Kapisa, i. 155n;
Khotan, 188;
at Taianfu, ii. [13], [16n];
imported at Kinsay, [202]
—— rice (Samshu or darásún), i. 441;
and of wheat, ii. [56], [59n];
at Yachi, [66], [85];
spices, etc., in Caindu, [56];
Kien-ch’ang, [59n], [85];
Cangigu, [117];
Coloman [123];
Kinsay, [202], [204], [216]
—— Palm (toddy), ii. [292], [297n], [376]
—— from sugar, ii. [376], [442]
—— date, i. 107, 115n, ii. [292], [297n], [442]
—— (unspecified), at Khan’s table, i. 382;
not used in Ma’bar, ii. [342];
nor by Brahmans, [363]
“Winter” used for “rainy season,” ii. [391n]
Wo-fo-sze, “Monastery of the lying Buddha,” i. 221n
Wolves in Pamir, i. 171, 176n
Women, Island of, ii. [405n–406n]
Women, of Kerman, their embroidery, i. 90;
mourners, 109;
of Khorasan, their beauty, 128;
of Badakhshan, 160;
Kashmir, 166;
Khotan, 191;
Kamul, fair and wanton, 210;
Tartar good and loyal, 252;
Erguiul, pretty creatures, 276;
of the town, 414, ii. [202];
of Tibet, evil customs, [44];
Caindu, [53];
Carajan, [66];
Zardandan, couvade, [85];
Anin, [116];
Kinsay, charming, [186];
respectful treatment of, [204];
Kelinfu, beautiful, [225];
Zanghibar, frightful, [423]
Wonders performed by the Bacsi, i. 314 et seqq.
Wood, Lieutenant John, Indian Navy, 20, i. 156n;
his elucidations of Polo in Oxus regions, i. 174n
Wood-oil, ii. [251n], [252n]
Wool, Salamander’s, i. 213, 216n
Worship of Mahomet (supposed), i. 188, 189n
—— of fire, 303;
Tartar, 256, 257;
Chinese, 456
—— of first object seen in the day, ii. [284], [288n]
Worshipping the tablets, i. 391, 392n
Wu-chau (Vuju), ii. [222n]
Wukiang-hien (Vughin), ii. [184n]
Wüsus, or Wesses, people of Russia, ii. [486n]
Wu-ti, Emperor, ii. [437n]
Wylie, Alexander, 76, i. 2n, 8n, 322n, 377n, 451n, 454n, ii. [19n], [28n], [38n], [169n], [184n], [194n], [209n], [212n]
Xanadu, i. 305n
Xavier, at Socotra, ii. [409n]
Xerxes, i. 135n
Ya-chau, ii. [45n], [48n], [70n]
Yachi (Yun-nan-fu), city, ii. [66], [67n], [72n], [74n], [80n], [111n]
Yadah, Jadagari, Jadah-tásh, science and stone of weather-conjurer, i. 309n
Yaik River, i. 6n
Yájúj, and Májúj, see [Gog and Magog]
Yak (dong), i. 274, 277n;
their tails carried to Venice, 274;
used in India for military decorations, ii. [355], [359n]
Ya’kúb Beg of Kasghar, i. 189n
Yakuts, i. 309n, 446n, ii. [484n]
Yalung River, ii. [67n], [69n], [72n]
Yam, or Yamb (a post-stage or post-house), i. 433, 437n, ii. [213n]
Yamgán, i. 162n
Yang-chau (Yanju), city, i. 29n, 432n, ii. [154n], [173n];
Marco’s government there, 22, ii. [154], [157n]
Yarbeg of Badakhshan, i. 156n
Yarkand (Yarcan), i. 187
Yarligh and P’aizah, i. 322n, 352n
Yasdi (Yezd), i. 88
—— silk tissue, i. 88
Yashm, jade, i. 193n
Yasodhara, bride of Sakya Sinha, ii. [323n]
Yavanas, ii. [372n]
Yazdashír, i. 92n
Ydifu, i. 285, 295n
Year, Chinese, i. 388;
Mongol and Chinese cycle, 447, 454n
Yelimala, see Monté d’Ely
Yeliu Chutsai, statesman and astronomer, ii. [17n]
Yellow, or orthodox Lamas, i. 315n, 324n
Yemen, ii. [432n], [433n], [440n], [441n], [445n].
(See also [Aden].)
Yeng-chau (in Shan-tung), ii. [137n], [139n]
—— (in Che-kiang), ii. [222n]
Yen-king (Old Peking), i. 375n, 376n
Yen-Ping, ii. [230n]
Yenshan, ii. [224n]
Yesubuka, ii. [474n]
Yesudar, ii. [459]
Yesugai, father of Chinghiz, i. 237n
Yetsina (Etzina), i. 223
Yezd (Yasdi), i. 88;
silk fabrics of, ii. [11]
Yiu-ki River, ii. [230n]
Yoritomo, descendants of, ii. [262n]
Yonting Ho River, ii. [6n]
Yotkàn, village, i. 190n
Youth, Island of, ii. [381n]
Yrac, province, i. 74
Ysemain of Hiulie, western engineer, ii. [167n]
Yu, see [Jade]
Yuan Ho, i. 29n
Yu-chow, gold and silver mines, i. 295n
Yue-chi, i. 174n
Yuen, Mongol Imperial dynasty, so styled, i. 29n, 377n
Yuen-hao, kingdom of Tangut, i. 282n
Yuen ming-yuen, palace, i. 307n
Yuen shi, History of Mongol Dynasty in China, i. 115n, 248n, 295n, ii. [95n]
Yugria, or Yughra, in the Far North, ii. [483n], [485n], [493n]
Yuh-shan, ii. [222n], [224n]
Yule, Sir Henry, ii. [602n];
on Ravenala, [597n];
on Maundeville, [604n]
Yun-Hien, a Buddhist Abbot, i. 304n
Yung-chang fu (Shen-si), i. 276n
—— (Yun-nan, Vochan), ii. [84], [89n], [104n], [105n], [107n–109n]
Yung Lo, Emperor, ii. [596n]
Yun-nan (Carajan), province, ii. [40n], [45n], [56n], [57n], [59n–62n], [64], [67n], [72n], [80n], [81n], [82n], [90n], [95n], [104n], [107n], [115n], [120n], [124n], [127n–129n];
conquerors of, [46n], [80n];
Mahomedans, [74n]
Yun-nan-fu city, see [Yachi]
Yurungkásh (white Jade) River, i. 193n
Yusuf Kekfi, i. 85n
Yuthia, Ayuthia (Ayodhya), mediæval capital of Siam, 13, ii. [278n], [279n]
Yvo of Narbonne, i. 12n
Zabedj, ii. [283n]
Zaila, ii. [413n], [435n], [436n]
Zaitúníah, probable origin of satin, ii. [241n]
Zampa, see [Champa]
Zanghibar (Zangibar, Zanjibar, Zanzibar), ii. [405n], [412], [422], [424n];
currents off, [415n];
Ivory trade, [423], [424n];
its blacks, women, [423], [424n]
Zanton (Shantung?), 3
Zanzale, James, or Jacob Baradaeus, Bishop of Edessa, i. 61n
Zapharan, monastery near Baghdad, i. 61n
Zardandan, or “Gold Teeth,” a people of W. Yun-nan, ii. [84], [98];
identity doubtful, [88n];
characteristic customs, [90n]
Zarncke, Fr., i. 139n
Zayton, Zaitún, Zeiton, Cayton (T’swan-chau, Chwan-chau, or Chinchew of modern charts), the great mediæval port of China, ii. [175n], [231], [232n–233n], [234], [237n–243n];
Khan’s revenue from, [235];
porcelain, [235], [242n];
language, [236n], [243n–244n];
etymology, [237n];
mediæval notices, [237] seqq.;
identity, [239n], [240n];
Chinchew, a name misapplied, [239n];
Christian churches at, [240n], [241n];
ships of, [264]
Zayton, Andrew, Bishop of, ii. [237n]
Zebák Valley, i. 165n
Zebu, humped oxen, i. 99n
Zedoary, ii. [388n]
Zenghi, i. 61n
Zerms (Jerms), ii. [439n]
Zerumbet, ii. [388n]
Zettani, ii. [241n]
Zhafar, see [Dhafar]
Zic (Circassia), ii. [490], [492n]
Zikas, ii. [228n], [309n], [311n]
Zimmé, see [Kiang-mai]
Zinc, i. 126n
Zinj, Zinjis, ii. [424n], [426n]
Zobeidah, the lady, i. 156n
Zorza, see [Chorcha]
Zu-’lḳarnain (Zulcarniain), “the Two Horned,” an epithet of Alexander, i. 56n, 157, 160n
Zurficar (Zúrpica, Zulficar), a Turkish friend of Marco Polo’s, i. 213