Vnion y Libertad, instead of Union y Libertad.

X.

X, in conformity with the new orthography, is to represent solely the sound of cs; but the greater part of the people pronounce and write only the s; thus, estranjero, instead of extranjero, (ex-tran-her´-oh.)

Y.

Y is a vowel when it is followed by a consonant, or terminates a word, and then it sounds like ee. It is a consonant when it is before a vowel, and then it sounds somewhat like English j. In some parts of America it is generally pronounced as ee; thus, suyo, soo´-ee-o.

N. B.—Of late years, some persons write i instead of y in ai, y, convoi, &c., but the Academy retains the y. In manuscript, Y is to be used instead of I, whenever this letter must be a capital.

Z.

Z, before all the vowels, is pronounced like th lisped in the English words thank, theft, thin, path, truth.

Za,ze,zi,zo,zu.
Thah,thay,thee,thoh,thoo.

Az,

ez,

iz,

oz,

uz.
Ath,eth,eeth,oth,ooth.

In Spanish America z is generally pronounced s, and also frequently written instead of that letter.