HURST AND BLACKETT. PUBLISHERS.
13 GREAT MARLBOROUGH STREET.
1885.
All Rights reserved.
NOTE.
Some of the chapters of this book in a condensed form were published a few years ago in the Illustrated London News, and my acknowledgments are due to the proprietors of that journal for permission to reprint such of the woodcuts as accompanied the text in that form. I have also to thank them for their courtesy in allowing me to use several other engravings from the Illustrated London News, including some from the early numbers, which must now be reckoned among the curiosities of the Pictorial Press.
M. J.
CONTENTS.
| PAGE | |
| CHAPTER I. | [1] |
The Pictorial Taste Universal—The Early ‘News-books’—Developmentof the Newspaper Press—General use of Newspapers—Establishmentof Illustrated Journals—WanderingBallad-Singers the First Newsvendors—The English Mercurieof 1588—The Abolition of the Star Chamber and its Effecton the Press. | |
| CHAPTER II. | [8] |
Illustrated Broadsides—Sir Francis Drake’s Operationsagainst the Spaniards—Papers of News in the Reign ofJames I.—The first Periodical Newspaper published inEngland—Illustrated Tracts relating to Storms and Floods—RemarkableMurders favourite subjects with the early Newswriters—Murderof the Rev. Mr. Storre—Murder inCornwall—Apparition of Three Skeletons—Visions in theAir—Attempt on the Life of the Duke of Buckingham—Fallof Meteors at Bawlkin Green, Berkshire—The SwedishIntelligencer—Passage of the River Leck by GustavusAdolphus—The Sallee Rovers—The Weekly News of 1638,an Illustrated Paper—The Irish Rebellion of 1641—ThePlague in London—Murder on board an English Ship—TheEarl of Strafford—His Execution on Tower Hill—ArchbishopLaud—A Burlesque Play about him—Attack by theMob on Lambeth Palace—Caricature of the Devil offeringLaud a Cardinal’s Hat. | |
| CHAPTER III. | [63] |
Ben Jonson’s Ridicule of the Early Newspapers—Fondnessof the Old News-Writers for the Marvellous—TheSmithfield Ghost—The Wonderful Whale—The NewburyWitch—Satirical Tracts and Caricatures at the Commencementof the Civil War—Religion Tossed in a Blanket—Caricaturesof the Pope and the Bishops—Pluralists and Patentees—Taylor,the Water Poet—Mercurius Aulicus—Activityof the Pamphleteers—Welshmen Satirised—Satires onPrince Rupert—On the King and Queen—The Ladies’ Parliament—IllustratedTracts relating to Social and PoliticalSubjects—Sir Kenelm Digby’s Duel—The King entertained bythe City of London, 1641—Executions in 1641—The LiquorTraffic and Sunday Closing in 1641—Abuses of the EcclesiasticalCourts—Ritualism and Nunneries in 1641—Truthsenforced by Lieing—Stage Players and the Plague in 1641—BartholomewFair in 1641—Destruction of Charing Cross andCheapside Cross—Strange Apparition—Method of enforcingtheir Views adopted by the Puritan Pamphleteers—Parodiesof Roundhead Sermons—Matthew Hopkins the Witch-finder—TheWelsh Post of 1643—William Lilly the Astrologer—ThreeSuns seen in London on the King’s Birthday. | |
| CHAPTER IV. | [108] |
The Civil War—Flying Sheets of News—Disturbance atKingston-on-Thames—Plot against London—Riotous Proceedingsat York, and Conspiracy in Edinburgh—The Houseof Commons—The Royal Standard raised at Nottingham—Battleof Edgehill—Prince Rupert—The Lord Mayor ofLondon—Mercurius Civicus—The Scottish Dove—The FlyingPost—The Kingdomes Weekly Post—Cruelties of the Cavaliers—The‘Levellers’—The King’s Escape from Oxford—Funeralof the Earl of Essex—The Great Seal Broken—Fairfax—Cromwell—SeaFight in the Channel—The Prince of Wales’sSquadron—Mutiny at Norwich—Siege of Colchester—Executionof Sir Charles Lucas—The King at Carisbrooke Castle—Executionof the King—Confession of Richard Brandon. | |
| CHAPTER V. | [153] |
Decrease of Newspapers after the Civil War—MercuriusDemocritus—The Faithful Post—The Politique Post—Broadsidesfor the People—The Hollow Tree at Hampstead—ProdigiousMonster taken in Spain—The Restoration—Trialof the Regicides—Execution of the Regicides—Licenser ofthe Press appointed—Popular Taste for the Supernatural—Apparitionin the Air in Holland—Revival of MercuriusCivicus—Murder of Archbishop Sharpe—The Loyal Protestant—FrostFair on the Thames—Monmouth’s Rebellion—TheBloody Assizes—Funeral of Queen Mary, Consort ofWilliam III.—Increase of Newspapers after the Revolution. | |
| CHAPTER VI. | [180] |
Constant Attempts at Illustrated News—Increase ofCaricatures—The Postman, 1704—Fiery Apparition in theAir, seen in London—Caricature against the Jacobites—TheSouth-Sea Bubble—Eclipse of the Sun, 1724—The GrubStreet Journal an Illustrated Paper—The Daily Post—AdmiralVernon’s Attack on Porto Bello—The Penny LondonPost—Henry Fielding and the Jacobite’s Journal—Owen’sWeekly Chronicle—Lloyd’s Evening Post, and the Trial ofLord Byron for the Murder of Mr. Chaworth—The St.James’s Chronicle—Illustrated Account of a Strange WildBeast seen in France—The Gentleman’s Journal of AnthonyMotteux—The Gentleman’s Magazine of Edward Cave—TheLondon Magazine—The Scot’s Magazine. | |
| CHAPTER VII. | [219] |
Revival of Wood-engraving by Thomas Bewick—TheObserver started, 1791—The Times an Illustrated Paper—Illustrationsof News in the Observer—St. Helena andNapoleon Bonaparte—Abraham Thornton and the ‘Assizeof Battle’—Mr. William Clement and Illustrated Journalism—TheCato Street Conspiracy—Trial of Queen Caroline—TheHouse of Commons in 1821—Coronation of George IV.—RoyalVisits to Ireland and Scotland—Murder of Mr.Weare—Illustrations of the Murder in the Morning Chronicle,the Observer, and the Englishman—Bell’s Life in London—Prize-Fightat Warwick—Liston as ‘Paul Pry’—‘Galleryof Comicalities,’ &c.—Pierce Egan’s Life in London—Deathof the Duke of York—Death of Mr. Canning—Opening ofHammersmith Bridge, 1827—Mr. Gurney’s Steam Coach—TheThames Tunnel—The Murder in the Red Barn—TheSiamese Twins—Death of George IV.—Opening of NewLondon Bridge, 1831—Coronation of William IV. and QueenAdelaide—Fieschi’s Infernal Machine—Funeral of WilliamIV.—Queen Victoria’s First Visit to the City—Coronationand Marriage of the Queen—Christening of the Prince ofWales—The Weekly Chronicle—The Greenacre Murder—Mr.Cocking and his Parachute—The Courtney Riots atCanterbury—Burning of the Tower of London, 1841—TheSunday Times—Burning of the Houses of Parliament, 1834—TheChampion—The Weekly Herald—The Magnet—Removingthe Body of Napoleon I.—The Penny Magazine—CharlesKnight—Humorous Journalism of the VictorianEra. | |
| CHAPTER VIII. | [284] |
The Illustrated London News—The Early Numbers—TheBurning of Hamburg—Facetious Advertisements—Bal Masqueat Buckingham Palace—Attempted Assassination of theQueen—The Queen’s First Trip by Railway—First RoyalVisit to Scotland—Political Portraits—R. Cobden—LordJohn Russell—Benjamin Disraeli—The French Revolution,1848—The Great Exhibition, 1851—The Crimean War—ColouredPictures—Christmas Numbers—Herbert Ingram—ThePictorial Times—Other Illustrated Journals. | |
| CHAPTER IX. | [315] |
How an Illustrated Newspaper isProduced—Wood-Engraving—Boxwood—Blocksfor Illustrated Newspapers—RapidSketching—Drawing on the Block—Method of Dividingthe Block for Engraving—Electrotyping—Development of thePrinting Machine—Printing Woodcuts—Machinery for FoldingNewspapers—Special Artists—Their Dangers and Difficulties—TheirAdventures in War and Peace. | |
| CHAPTER X. | [355] |
Artists who have assisted in founding the Pictorial Press—SirJohn Gilbert, R.A., G. H. Thomas, and others—Wood-Engravingand its Connexion with the Pictorial Press—OtherMethods of producing Illustrations—Wood-Engraving inEngland before and after Bewick’s time—Its wide Diffusionowing to the kindred Art of Printing—The resources of theArt developed by Pictorial Newspapers—Conclusion. Newspapersa Necessity of Civilised Life—The Acta Diurna ofthe Romans—Early Newspapers in Venice, Germany, andthe Low Countries—List of Illustrated Newspapers publishedAbroad. | |