84 L. Wogue.
85 This is a distinction made in Hebrew but not rendered in the English version.
86 I Sam. xxiii. 14.
87 And not "shadow of death," which is etymologically impossible, though it is a rendition employed by most commentators.
88 See Note 91.
89 Collection of Midrashim long attributed to Simon Kara, father of a disciple of Rashi. This valuable compilation, which deals with the entire Bible, dates without doubt from the first half of the thirteenth century. An unsuccessful attempt has been made to prove that Rashi knew the <I>Yalkut.</I> His silence shows, on the contrary, that it was a later work. The Simon (sometimes Simson) whom he quotes is not the author of the <I>Yalkut.</I>
90 Commentary on Gen. xxxvii. 1.
91 Menahem ben Saruk, of Tortosa, lived at Cordova about 960 with the celebrated minister and Maecenas, the Jew Hasdai Ibn Shaprut. He was the author of the <I>Mahberet,</I> one of the first complete lexicons of the Biblical language, full of interesting grammatical digressions.
His rival, Dunash ben Labrat, born at Fez, was both poet and grammarian. He wrote "Refutations" against Menahem, in rhyme and prose, which were full of impassioned criticisms and abundantly displayed fresh, correct insight. The polemics of these two scholars were continued by their disciples and were ended by Jacob Tam, Rashi's grandson.
92 Abul-Walid Merwan ibn Djanah (among the Jews, R. Jonah), the most eminent representative of the Spanish school, born at Cordova about 985; he studied at Lucena, and died at Saragossa about 1050. Besides small polemic works, he left a long one, "The Book of Detailed Research," including a grammar and a dictionary. Ibn Dianab was an original and profound grammarian. Unfortunately his disciples in popularizing weakened him.