Pumps and Hydraulics, Part 2 (of 2)

by N. Hawkins

Feet Head.	Pressure per sq. in.
1	0.43
2	0.86
3	1.30
4	1.73
5	2.16
6	2.59
7	3.03
8	3.46
9	3.89
10	4.33
11	4.76
12	5.20
13	5.63
14	6.06
15	6.49
16	6.93
17	7.36
18	7.79
19	8.22
20	8.66
21	9.09
22	9.53
23	9.96
24	10.39
25	10.82
26	11.26
27	11.69
28	12.12
29	12.55
30	12.99
31	13.42
32	13.86
33	14.29
34	14.72
35	15.16
36	15.59
37	16.02
38	16.45
39	16.89
40	17.32
41	17.75
42	18.19
43	18.62
44	19.05
45	19.49
46	19.92
47	20.35
48	20.79
49	21.22
50	21.65
51	22.09
52	22.52
53	22.95
54	23.39
55	23.82
56	24.26
57	24.69
58	25.12
59	25.55
60	25.99
61	26.42
62	26.85
63	27.29
64	27.72
65	28.15
66	28.58
67	29.02
68	29.45
69	29.88
70	30.32
71	30.75
72	31.18
73	31.62
74	32.05
75	32.48
76	32.92
77	33.35
78	33.78
79	34.21
80	34.65
81	35.08
82	35.52
83	35.95
84	36.39
85	36.82
86	37.25
87	37.68
88	38.12
89	38.53
90	38.98
91	39.42
92	39.85
93	40.28
94	40.72
95	41.15
96	41.58
97	42.01
98	42.45
99	42.88
100	43.31
101	43.75
102	44.18
103	44.61
104	45.05
105	45.48
106	45.91
107	46.34
108	46.78
109	47.21
110	47.64
111	48.08
112	48.51
113	48.94
114	49.38
115	49.81
116	50.24
117	50.68
118	51.11
119	51.54
120	51.98
121	52.41
122	52.84
123	53.28
124	53.71
125	54.15
126	54.58
127	55.01
128	55.44
129	55.88
130	56.31
131	56.74
132	57.18
133	57.61
134	58.04
135	58.48
136	58.91
137	59.34
138	59.77
139	60.21
140	60.64
141	61.07
142	61.51
143	61.94
144	62.37
145	62.81
146	63.24
147	63.67
148	64.10
149	64.54
150	64.97
151	65.40
152	65.84
153	66.27
154	66.70
155	67.14
156	67.57
157	68.00
158	68.43
159	68.87
160	69.31
161	69.74
162	70.17
163	70.61
164	71.04
165	71.47
166	71.91
167	72.34
168	72.77
169	73.29
170	73.64
171	74.07
172	74.50
173	74.94
174	75.37
175	75.80
176	76.23
177	76.67
178	77.10
179	77.53
180	77.97
181	78.40
182	78.84
183	79.27
184	79.70
185	80.14
186	80.57
187	81.00
188	81.43
189	81.87
190	82.30
191	82.73
192	83.17
193	83.60
194	84.03
195	84.47
196	84.90
197	85.33
198	85.76
199	86.20
200	86.63
201	87.07
202	87.50
203	87.93
204	88.36
205	88.80
206	89.21
207	89.66
208	90.10
209	90.53
210	90.96
211	91.39
212	91.83
213	92.26
214	92.69
215	93.13
216	93.56
217	93.99
218	94.43
219	94.86
220	95.30
221	95.73
222	96.16
223	96.60
224	97.03
225	97.46
226	97.90
227	98.33
228	98.76
229	99.20
230	99.63
231	100.00
232	100.49
233	100.93
234	101.36
235	101.79
236	102.23
237	102.66
238	103.09
239	103.53
240	103.96
241	104.39
242	104.83
243	105.26
244	105.69
245	106.13
246	106.56
247	106.99
248	107.43
249	107.86
250	108.29
251	108.73
252	109.15
253	109.59
254	110.03
255	110.46
256	110.89
257	111.32
258	111.76
259	112.19
260	112.62
261	113.03
262	113.49
263	113.92
264	114.36
265	114.79
266	115.22
267	115.66
268	116.09
269	116.52
270	116.96
271	117.39
272	117.82
273	118.26
274	118.69
275	119.12
276	119.56
277	119.99
278	120.42
279	120.85
280	121.29
281	121.73
282	122.15
283	122.59
284	123.02
285	123.45
286	123.89
287	124.32
288	124.75
289	125.18
290	125.62
291	126.05
292	126.48
293	126.92
294	127.35
295	127.78
296	128.22
297	128.65
298	129.08
299	129.51
300	129.95
310	134.28
320	138.62
330	142.95
340	147.28
350	151.61
360	155.94
370	160.27
380	164.61
390	168.94
400	173.27
500	216.58
600	259.90
700	303.22
800	346.54
900	389.86
1000	433.18

TABLE OF FRICTION HEADS IN FEET IN SMALL PIPES 100 FEET LONG UNDER GIVEN DISCHARGE.

Gallons discharged per minute.	Gallons discharged per 24 hours.	1⁄2-in. Diam.
		Velocity in ft. per second.	Friction head in feet.
2.5	3,600	4.08	18.20
5	7,200	8.17	66.82
7.5	10,800	12.25	142.9
10	14,400	16.33	243.3
Gallons discharged per minute.	Gallons discharged per 24 hours.	3⁄4-in. Diam.
		Velocity in ft. per second.	Friction head in feet.
2.5	3,600	1.81	2.78
5	7,200	3.63	9.40
7.5	10,800	5.44	20.17
10	14,400	7.25	34.77
12.5	18,000	9.06	52.11
15	21,600	10.87	73.61
17.5	25,200	12.69	98.80
20	28,800	14.50	127.6
22.5	32,400	16.31	160.7
25	36,000	18.12	197.7
Gallons discharged per minute.	Gallons discharged per 24 hours.	1-in. Diam.
		Velocity in ft. per second.	Friction head in feet.
2.5	3,600	1.02	.74
5	7,200	2.04	2.52
7.5	10,800	3.06	5.14
10	14,400	4.08	8.75
12.5	18,000	5.10	13.22
15	21,600	6.13	18.84
17.5	25,200	7.15	25.14
20	28,800	8.17	32.27
22.5	32,400	9.18	40.17
25	36,000	10.20	48.90
30	43,200	12.23	68.70
35	50,400	14.25	92.10
40	57,600	16.29	116.8
45	64,800	18.34	150.6
50	72,000	20.37	186.7
Gallons discharged per minute.	Gallons discharged per 24 hours.	11⁄4-in. Diam.
		Velocity in ft. per second.	Friction head in feet.
5	7,200	1.31	.83
10	14,400	2.62	2.85
15	21,600	3.92	5.90
20	28,800	5.22	10.21
25	36,000	6.53	15.50
30	43,200	7.84	22.34
35	50,400	9.14	28.99
40	57,600	10.45	37.29
45	64,800	11.76	46.47
50	72,000	13.07	57.16
55	79,200	14.38	68.62
60	86,400	15.69	81.35
65	93,600	17.00	95.11
70	100,800	18.31	109.9
75	108,000	19.62	126.1
Gallons discharged per minute.	Gallons discharged per 24 hours.	11⁄2-in. Diam.
		Velocity in ft. per second.	Friction head in feet.
5	7,200	.91	.51
10	14,400	1.82	1.33
15	21,600	2.73	2.80
20	28,800	3.63	4.59
25	36,000	4.54	6.99
30	43,200	5.45	9.86
35	50,400	6.36	13.14
40	57,600	7.26	16.94
45	64,800	8.17	21.09
50	72,000	9.08	25.66
60	86,400	10.90	36.15
70	100,800	12.72	48.84
80	115,200	14.54	63.53
90	129,600	16.36	79.78
100	144,000	18.17	98.23
Gallons discharged per minute.	Gallons discharged per 24 hours.	2-in. Diam.
		Velocity in ft. per second.	Friction head in feet.
5	7,200	1	. . .
10	14,400	1.02	.31
20	28,800	2.04	1.17
30	43,200	3.06	2.36
40	57,600	4.09	4.17
50	72,000	5.11	6.34
60	86,400	6.13	8.92
70	100,800	7.15	11.83
80	115,200	8.18	15.27
90	129,600	9.20	19.11
100	144,000	10.22	23.23
125	180,000	12.80	35.78
150	216,000	15.3	50.60
175	252,000	17.9	69.13
200	288,000	20.4	89.51
Gallons discharged per minute.	Gallons discharged per 24 hours.	21⁄2-in. Diam.
		Velocity in ft. per second.	Friction head in feet.
25	36,000	1.63	.58
50	72,000	3.26	2.10
75	108,000	4.90	4.58
100	144,000	6.53	7.95
125	180,000	8.16	12.10
150	216,000	9.80	17.05
175	252,000	11.43	22.88
200	288,000	13.07	29.67
225	324,000	14.70	37.14
250	360,000	16.34	45.81
275	396,000	17.97	55.32
300	432,000	19.60	65.68
350	468,000	21.24	77.01
400	576,000	22.87	89.11
Gallons discharged per minute.	Gallons discharged per 24 hours.	3-in. Diam.
		Velocity in ft. per second.	Friction head in feet.
50	72,000	2.27	.88
75	108,000	3.40	1.90
100	144,000	4.54	3.29
125	180,000	5.67	5.00
150	216,000	6.81	7.05
175	252,000	7.94	9.41
200	288,000	9.08	12.13
225	324,000	10.22	15.17
250	360,000	11.36	18.69
275	396,000	12.50	22.52
300	432,000	13.64	26.26
350	468,000	15.91	35.80
400	576,000	18.18	46.64
450	648,000	20.45	88.70
500	720,000	22.72	73.82

Contents of cylinders, in cubic feet and in U. S. gallons, for one foot of length.

Diameter in Inches.	Diameter in Decimals of a Foot.	For 1 Foot in Length.
		Cubic Feet. Also area in square feet.	Gallons of 231 Cubic Inches.
1⁄4	.0208	.0003	.0026
5⁄16	.0260	.0005	.0040
3⁄8	.0313	.0008	.0057
7⁄16	.0365	.0010	.0078
1⁄2	.0417	.0014	.0102
9⁄16	.0469	.0017	.0129
5⁄8	.0521	.0021	.0159
11⁄16	.0573	.0026	.0193
3⁄4	.0625	.0031	.0230
13⁄16	.0677	.0036	.0270
7⁄8	.0729	.0042	.0312
15⁄16	.0781	.0048	.0359
1.	.0833	.0055	.0408
1⁄4	.1042	.0085	.0638
1⁄2	.1250	.0123	.0918
3⁄4	.1458	.0168	.1250
2.	.1667	.0218	.1632
1⁄4	.1875	.0276	.2066
1⁄2	.2083	.0341	.2550
3⁄4	.2292	.0413	.3085
3.	.2500	.0491	.3673
1⁄4	.2708	.0576	.4310
1⁄2	.2917	.0668	.4998
3⁄4	.3125	.0767	.5738
4.	.3333	.0878	.6528
1⁄4	.3542	.0985	.7370
1⁄2	.3750	.1105	.8263
3⁄4	.3958	.1231	.9205
5.	.4167	.1364	1.020
1⁄4	.4375	.1503	1.124
1⁄2	.4583	.1650	1.234
3⁄4	.4792	.1803	1.349
6.	.5000	.1963	1.469
1⁄4	.5208	.2180	1.594
1⁄2	.5417	.2305	1.724
3⁄4	.5625	.2485	1.859
7.	.5833	.2673	1.999
1⁄4	.6042	.2868	2.144
1⁄2	.6250	.3068	2.295
3⁄4	.6458	.3275	2.450
8.	.6667	.3490	2.611
1⁄4	.6875	.3713	2.777
1⁄2	.7083	.3940	2.948
3⁄4	.7292	.4175	3.125
9.	.7500	.4418	3.305
1⁄4	.7708	.4668	3.492
1⁄2	.7917	.4923	3.682
3⁄4	.8125	.5185	3.879
10.	.8333	.5455	4.081
1⁄4	.8542	.5730	4.286
1⁄2	.8750	.6013	4.498
3⁄4	.8958	.6303	4.714
11.	.9167	.6600	4.937
1⁄4	.9375	.6903	5.163
1⁄2	.9583	.7213	5.395
3⁄4	.9792	.7530	5.633
12.	1 Foot.	.7854	5.876
1⁄2	1.042	.8523	6.375
13.	1.083	.9218	6.895
1⁄2	1.125	.9940	7.435
14.	1.167	1.069	7.997
1⁄2	1.208	1.147	8.578
15.	1.250	1.227	9.180
1⁄2	1.292	1.310	9.801
16.	1.333	1.396	10.44
1⁄2	1.375	1.485	11.11
17.	1.417	1.576	11.79
1⁄2	1.458	1.670	12.50
18.	1.500	1.767	13.22
1⁄2	1.542	1.867	13.97
19.	1.583	1.969	14.73
1⁄2	1.625	2.074	15.52
20.	1.666	2.182	16.32
1⁄2	1.708	2.292	17.15
21.	1.750	2.405	17.99
1⁄2	1.792	2.521	18.86
22.	1.833	2.640	19.75
1⁄2	1.875	2.761	20.65
23.	1.917	2.885	21.58
1⁄2	1.958	3.012	22.53
24.	2.000	3.142	23.50
25.	2.083	3.409	25.50
26.	2.166	3.687	27.58
27.	2.250	3.976	29.74
28.	2.333	4.276	31.99
29.	2.416	4.587	34.31
30.	2.500	4.909	36.72
31.	2.583	5.241	39.21
32.	2.666	5.585	41.78
33.	2.750	5.940	44.43
34.	2.833	6.305	47.17
35.	2.916	6.681	49.98
36.	3.000	7.069	52.88
37.	3.083	7.468	55.86
38.	3.166	7.876	58.92
39.	3.250	8.296	62.06
40.	3.333	8.728	65.29
41.	3.416	9.168	68.58
42.	3.500	9.620	71.96
43.	3.583	10.084	75.43
44.	3.666	10.560	79.00
45.	3.750	11.044	82.62
46.	3.833	11.540	86.32
47.	3.916	12.048	90.12
48.	4.000	12.566	94.02

231 cubic inches equal one gallon, and 7.4805 gallons equal one cubic foot.

For the contents of a greater diameter than any in the table, take the quantity opposite one-half said diameter and multiply it by 4. Thus, the number of cubic feet in one foot length of a pipe 80 inches in diameter, is equal to 8.728 × 4 = 34.912 cubic feet. So also with gallons and areas.