Fig. 81.
[Fig. 83] is a section, or end view of a bar of angle iron; the student will find helpful practice in attempting this figure; he may be allowed to use a straight-edge in drawing the lines, but no measurements; the work should be tested on completion by a rule, or better by penciling from the original on tracing paper, and comparing the free-hand with the copy, when the defective proportions, if any, will be clearly exhibited.
[Fig. 84] is a section of tee iron, and [fig. 85] is a section of channel iron. These three figures on [page 75] should be practiced alternately, although seeming similar in shape.
[Fig. 86] is a side and end view of an angle plate shaded. [Fig. 87] is a wrench shaded.
Examples of bolt ends are shown in the two next numbers; [fig. 88] exhibits the common square-head bolt, and [fig. 89] the hexagon or six-sided bolt-head; these are also examples of straight-line shading. [Fig. 90] is a lathe-dog, and shows an example of curved shading; [fig. 92] is an engine crank, and an example of straight and curved shading; [fig. 91] is a screw clamp.
[Fig. 93] is a section of boiler plates riveted together; a caulking tool is also shown.
In the example, [fig. 94]—a hand-wheel—the principal difficulty, even for the most advanced student in free-hand, will be in drawing the circles; a coin, if convenient, can be used to scribe about, in drawing these; the other parts can afterwards be filled in around the circle. [Fig. 96] is introduced for practice in penciling and shading; the figure represents a water-wheel on a stone pier.
The familiar oil can is shown in [fig. 95]. These all are excellent objects for practice.
