(Map [12].)
1. Brunswick, Glynn County.—This is the type locality of Elephas columbi. This species was based by Falconer (Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. Lond., XIII, 1857, table opposite p. 219) on a part of a tooth received from the geologist Charles Lyell and which had been found in the Brunswick Canal. The specimen consisted of 10 median plates of a lower second or third molar. Falconer figured it in 1868 (Palæont. Mem., vol. II, pp. 214, 221, plate X). Lyell (Second Visit, etc. vol. I, p. 348) noted that an elephant had been found in excavating the canal. Richard Harlan, in 1842 (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. I, p. 189), stated that a large collection of bones of various animals had been presented to the Academy by J. Hamilton Couper, of Darien, Georgia. Among these were teeth of E. primigenius. Couper, in 1848 (Hodgson’s Memoir, etc., p. 45), stated that two lower jawbones with teeth, several loose teeth, two tusks, and several vertebræ of Elephas primigenius had been collected in the canal during 1838 and 1839. These remains quite certainly belonged to Elephas columbi unless possibly some belonged to E. imperator.
Leidy (Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. VII, 1869, p. 254) records the presence in the collection of the Academy of a lower molar of E. columbi. The present writer has seen in this collection parts of four teeth of this species which had been sent from the Brunswick Canal, doubtless parts of the Couper collection. The species are listed on page [369].
2. Skidaway Island, near Savannah, Chatham County.—Lyell (Second Visit, etc., vol. I, p. 314) reported that Elephas primigenius had been found at this place, with Megatherium, Mylodon, Mastodon, and what was doubtless a species of Bison. Habersham, in 1846 (Hodgson’s Memoir, etc., p. 29), mentioned two teeth which he identified likewise as E. primigenius. These elephant teeth are all to be referred with much certainty to E. columbi.
For the examination of the geology about Savannah the reader is referred to page 371, map [40].
FLORIDA.
1. St. Marks River, Wakulla County.—In 1870 (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1870, p. 98), Leidy stated that from this place there was in the collection of the Natural History Society of Boston a molar of the thick-plated variety of elephant. The grinding-surface, irregular and worn so as to present a terraced appearance, has a length of 8.5 inches and included 11 ridge-plates. The species is quite certainly Elephas columbi.
It may be mentioned that Sellards (8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 103) reported that part of a skeleton of a mastodon or of an elephant had been obtained from Wakulla Spring by Mr. John L. Thomas. This is near Crawfordville.
2. Station 120, Duval County.—Sellards (8th Ann. Rep. Geol. Surv. Florida, p. 106) reported that Elephas columbi had been discovered at Station 120, on the Inland Waterway Canal. At the same place had been found Mammut americanum, an undetermined species of Bison, and an undetermined species of Odocoileus. The locality is probably 5 miles south of Pablo Beach.