1. 16 miles below Newbern, on Neuse River, in Pamlico County.—Harlan, in 1842 (Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. XLIII, p. 143), stated that he had seen, in the collection made by Nuttall on Neuse River, remains of an elephant. Elisha Mitchell, in the same year (Elements of Geol., p. 128), stated that there was in the cabinet of the University of North Carolina a tooth of an elephant from the locality mentioned. Possibly the tooth referred by Croom (Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. XXVII, 1835, p. 170) to the mastodon and which was 7 inches wide and 9.5 inches deep, was really that of an elephant. Were it not for the fact that Elephas primigenius has been found in this region of North Carolina, one might, with confidence, refer the tooth found below Newbern to E. columbi. For other species found at this place the reader may consult pages 358 to 359.
2. Harlowe, Carteret County.—Elisha Mitchell (Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. XIII, 1827, p. 347) stated that in digging the Clubfoot and Harlowe Canal remains of both the mastodon and the elephant had been found. Nothing more definite was communicated. The probability is that the animal was Elephas columbi.
3. Duplin County.—At the meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1850, Dr. R. W. Gibbes reported that he had obtained a part of a molar of an elephant found somewhere in Duplin County. He spoke of its resemblance in narrowness and in thinness of plates to a tooth found in Vermont and exhibited by Agassiz. Possibly it belonged to Elephas primigenius.
FLORIDA.
(Map [16].)
1. Wakulla Springs, Wakulla County.—In the collection of the Florida Geological Survey is a right tibia of an elephant reported found at the place named. The measurements shown in the accompanying table were secured. For comparison the dimensions of the tibia of the great Elephas primigenius in the American Museum of Natural History at New York are presented.
| Measurement of tibias, in millimeters. | ||
|---|---|---|
| Wakulla Springs elephant. | E. primigenius. | |
| Total length | 813 | 735 |
| Greatest width across upper end | 266 | 245 |
| Fore-and-aft diameter at middle of length | 106 | 100 |
| Side-to-side diameter at middle of length | 132 | 106 |
| Greatest width across lower end | 215 | 205 |
With the tibia from Wakulla Springs is the distal half of an immense femur of the left side. The distance across the articular surface of the distal end was at least 241 mm., but the bone has suffered some abrasion. The outer articular surface measures 115 mm.; the inner 1,202 mm. When the bone is placed on a table with the hinder face downward the inner ridge which bounds the patellar groove rises 280 mm. above the table. Whether these bones belong to Elephas imperator or to E. columbi is uncertain.
2. Stokes Ferry, St. Mary’s River, Nassau County.—In 1909, Sellards (2d Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 147) stated that Dr. L. W. Stephenson, of the U. S. Geological Survey, had found at this place, in a phosphate deposit, a fragment of an elephant tooth together with 3 teeth of a fossil horse and some ear-bones of a whale. The elephant belonged probably to E. columbi, but possibly to E. imperator.
3. Bartow, Polk County.—Dr. W. H. Dall (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1891, p. 120) has recorded the discovery at this place of tusks supposed to be those of Elephas columbi. Possibly the tusks were those of E. imperator or even those of Mammut americanum.