The teeth are moderately curved, so that the outer face is convex, the inner concave. Some of the cement is retained and is colored blue with vivianite. The enamel presents less complication than is usually found in either Equus complicatus or E. leidyi. The dimensions of the teeth and the narrowness, especially of the second molar, seem to exclude reference to either of the species mentioned.
4. Chesapeake Beach, Calvert County.—Mr. William Palmer, of the U. S. National Museum, had for many years been making collections, mostly of Miocene vertebrates, along the cliffs at Chesapeake Beach. Among other fossils found there are some remains of horses, among them one much worn upper tooth, probably a premolar. The height is only 21 mm., the length of the grinding-surface 22.4 mm., the width 24 mm. It may be referred provisionally to E. leidyi. Mr. Palmer had also an ungual phalanx and a cervical vertebra and various other bones and teeth of horses. The geological situation at the place and the other Pleistocene species found there will be discussed on pages [347]–[348].
5. Cavetown, Washington County.—In his work on the exploration of Bushy Cavern, near Cavetown, Mr. Charles Peabody (Bull. IV, Dept. Archæol., Phillips Acad., p. 12) stated that in a limestone quarry, south of the cave, in the red earth, was found a tooth which J. W. Gidley identified as probably Equus complicatus. In 1920 (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. LVIII, pp. 96–109), the writer described a collection made at Cavetown. In this were other remains referred to Equus complicatus. Some fragments of a large tooth were referred with doubt to Equus giganteus.
6. Corriganville, Allegany County.—In a crevice in a limestone rock, at a point about 3 miles west of north of Cumberland, taken in a straight line, J. W. Gidley, in the fall of 1912, made a large collection of fossil vertebrates. In this collection is a first phalanx of an extinct horse. The species has not been determined. A list of the accompanying species, so far as determined, will be presented on pages [349]–350.
VIRGINIA.
(Map [17].)
1. Abingdon, Washington County.—In the U. S. National Museum is the outer half of an upper hindermost molar of a horse sent, in 1869, by Mr. Wyndham Robinson. With it were remains of Mammut americanum. The length of the grinding-surface is 30 mm. It belongs pretty certainly to Equus complicatus.
2. Saltville, Smyth County.—Mr. O. A. Peterson (Ann. Carnegie Mus., vol. XI, p. 474) reported the occurrence of an upper left molar of a horse at Saltville. The species has not been determined. The matter will be referred to again on pages [352]–353.
3. Ivanhoe, Wythe County.—In 1869 (Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. XI, pp. 171–182), Cope gave an account of the discovery of remains of numerous fossil vertebrates somewhere along New River, in the county named. Among these animals were upper and lower milk and permanent molars of a horse. Cope identified these as belonging doubtfully to Equus complicatus. On page [353], the Pleistocene geology of the region and a list of the accompanying vertebrates will be presented.
4. Staunton, Augusta County.—From Dr. W. F. Deekens, surgeon dentist of Staunton, a tooth of a horse found somewhere in that vicinity, was sent to the U. S. National Museum. It had been found in a limestone quarry, 70 feet below the surface, in a narrow stratum of clay. Probably the tooth had been carried down into a crevice in the limestone by a current of water. The length of the grinding-surface is 31 mm. The arrangement of the enamel folds is simple, but the tooth had only just begun to be worn. The narrowness of the tooth is remarkable and it may belong to an unrecognized species.