St. John’s County.—At a place 28 miles south of St. Augustine, along the Inland Waterway Canal, Mr. Fred P. Allen, of St. Augustine, collected on the Almero farm remains of Mammut americanum (p. [122]), Elephas columbi (p. [158]), Mylodon harlani? (p. [37]), Equus sp. indet. (p. [194]), the box-tortoise Terrapene antipex, and a dermal plate of perhaps Alligator mississippiensis. These were found in the banks of the canal. Here, at least, the horse and the mylodon, taking into consideration the geological circumstances, indicate early Pleistocene, equivalent to the first interglacial stage.

Levy and Alachua Counties.—Geologically these counties furnish important localities because of the presence of the Alachua clays (usually referred to the lower Pliocene or even the Upper Miocene) and deposits belonging to all three of the Pleistocene terraces, Newberry, Tsala Apopka, and Pensacola. The Alachua clays first require consideration, for in them have been found a considerable number of species of vertebrates which usually indicate Pleistocene deposits. The localities where Alachua clays have furnished vertebrate fossils, as indicated on Matson and Sanford’s map (Water Supply Paper 319, U. S. Geol. Surv., plate I), are situated, one around Archer, Alachua County (the type locality), second, about 5 miles west of Williston, in Levy County, and a third about 5 miles east of Newberry, in Alachua County.

The clays referred to form accumulations in depressions on the surface of the Ocala limestone, itself belonging to the Eocene. The deposits are said to average in depth about 10 feet, but are often thinner and occasionally much thicker. They have furnished a considerable number of species of vertebrates. A list, prepared by Dr. Leidy, of those found at Archer was published in 1892, in Bulletin 84 of the U. S. Geological Survey, on page 129. Besides these, Leidy had previously reported a tapir, a small crocodile or alligator, and a bone thought to belong to the extinct Cervus americanus (Cervalces scotti?), but which was not afterward mentioned. The rhinoceroses and the camels were described by Leidy and Lucas in 1896 (Trans. Wagner Free Inst., vol. IV, pp. 1–61 with plates).

Herewith is presented a list of such vertebrates as have been found at Archer. It appears necessary to retain for the rhinoceroses the specific names given them by Leidy.

The following vertebrates have been collected east of Williston, in the place mentioned in Dall’s report of 1892, on page 129, as Mixon’s:

The list from the locality east of Newberry (Hallowell’s place of Dall’s report) is rather short. Equus littoralis, Odocoileus osceola?, Hipparion sp. indet., and Parahippus sp. indet. have been reported (Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., vol. V, p. 58; vol. VIII, pp. 42, 94). At Neals, Alachua County. Tapirus terrestris?, Gomphotherium floridanum, and Hipparion sp. indet. have been collected (Sellards as cited). At Juliette, same county, Gomphotherium floridanum has been secured, and at Hernando the same species; also Hipparion sp. indet. and Procamelus sp. indet. (Sellards Florida Geol. Surv., vol. V, p. 58). Along Santa Fe River, in the Buttgenbach mines, 6 miles north of Wade, have been found teeth of Equus and a tooth of Bison.

At Dunnellon, about 25 miles south of Williston, from the phosphate mines along the Withlacoochee River, have been obtained fossil vertebrates so similar to those found in the Alachua clays that Sellards concluded to unite his Dunnellon formation and the Alachua clays into one to be called the Alachua formation (6th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 161). The list of vertebrates found at and about Dunnellon is as follows, including the species dredged in Withlacoochee River: