5. Marburg, Norfolk County.—In 1898 (Science, n. s., vol. VII, p. 80), Dr. H. M. Ami reported the exhumation of remains of a mastodon at some place in this county. The skull, 25 ribs, 40 foot-bones, 2 tusks, and many vertebræ were recovered. The remains were buried at a depth of from only 3 to 4.5 feet. At the bottom was clay; above this, shell marl, and sands of different colors; and above all was peat.
The writer has seen this skull in Victoria Museum, Ottawa. It is to a considerable extent restored. It appears to have been found at or near Marburg. A small label, somewhat injured, has the record: “West half lot 15, R V, Tp. of [?]dhouse, Norfolk Co., Ont. Ami, 1897.” The penultimate and ultimate molars are in place. The former is 113 mm. long; the latter is 174 mm. long, and has 4 crests and a talon. The tusks are present and the right one is 2,230 mm. long. The skull is a large one. The width across the rear is 760 mm.
6. Dunnville, Haldimand County.—In 1869 (Geol. Mag. London, dec. 1, vol. VI, pp. 38, 39), Dr. J. W. Dawson gave an account of the finding of a mastodon, in 1868, at the place named, situated at the east end of Lake Erie. When he reached the place a large part of the animal had disappeared, especially the tusks. He found 7 teeth, a few vertebræ, a few fragments of ribs, and part of the right ramus of the lower jaw. These remains were buried in a swamp, partly embedded in a layer of fine sand. This contained fresh-water shells of species yet living in that region. The sand was 2.5 feet thick and rested on boulder clay. Over the sand was 1.5 feet of black vegetable mold. He regarded it as clear that the animal lived long after the close of the Glacial period.
7. St. Catharines and Welland Port, Lincoln County.—At Rochester University, New York, the writer has seen a cast of a lower jaw, labeled as having come from the place named above. On the left side the second and third molars are present, the former slightly worn, the hindermost not at all. On the right side the hindermost molar is not to be seen. The second molar is tilted up behind and lowered in front. The little wear of the tooth is on the hinder end. It is possible that the hindermost molar was yet in the bone and somewhat under the second one. The ramus has a length of 400 mm.
8. Toronto, York County.—It does not appear to be wholly certain that the mastodon has been found at Toronto; but its occurrence there is probable. In some of his papers Coleman has reported that its presence was believed to be determined.
9. Junction of Missinaibi and Moose Rivers, Algoma County.—In 1898 (Science, n. s., vol. VII, p. 80), Robert Bell reported a mastodon tooth from the locality mentioned. It had been chopped out of a skull by an Indian. Later Bell attempted to obtain the skull, but could not, because of high water. A further account was given of this tooth by Bell in 1898 (Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., vol. IX, p. 383).
CAPE BRETON ISLAND.
1. Middle River, Victoria County.—In 1912 (Proc. Trans. Nova Scotia Inst. Sci., vol. XIII, pp. 163–174), Mr. Harry Piers, curator of the Provincial Museum, Halifax, presented a paper in which he detailed the history of mastodon remains found on Cape Breton Island. At the place above named, in a meadow, at a depth of only 5 inches, was found a right femur. According to Piers’s account, this was discovered about the year 1834, possibly a few years earlier. It came into the possession of the Mechanics’ Institute, at Halifax, and later of the Provincial Museum of Halifax, where it is now preserved. It was noticed and figured by J. W. Dawson in the four editions of his “Acadian Geology.”
2. Baddeck, Victoria County.—According to Piers’s account, a molar tooth of a mastodon, now in the Provincial Museum, was found in 1859, at the place named. This tooth is figured by Dawson, with the femur. Piers states that Dawson was in error in crediting Honeyman with the discovery. Details regarding this are wanting. The molar has 3 crests. In the same museum is a part of a proboscidean tusk, but it is not certain where it was found. It is quite certain that all of these remains are of animals which lived there after the Wisconsin ice had retired.
These localities are not indicated on the map.