H. Pohlig (Bull. Soc. Belge Géol., etc., vol. XXVI, 1912, p. 187) described a lower jaw, found somewhere about Lagrange, which he referred to Tetracaulodon ohioticum. It contained a small tusk 230 mm. long and 40 mm. in diameter. There was present also an alveolus for the other tusk. He accepts the genus Tetracaulodon for mastodons “a quatre défenses permanentes sans émail représenté par le Mastodon ohioticum.” Individuals without lower tusks are regarded by him as females.
In Ward’s Natural Science Establishment, Rochester, New York, there is, or was, a lower jaw of a mastodon from Lagrange County.
The writer has received a photograph showing the right fore-leg, two ribs, two tusks, and a lower jaw of a mastodon found in 1884, in a swamp, 4 miles northwest of Lagrange. The remains were embedded in a clayey marl deposit, at a depth of from 4 to 10 feet. They are said to have been exhumed by Dr. H. M. Betts. The hindermost lower molar shows five crests and a heel. On the right side is a small lower tusk.
Lagrange is situated at the junction of moraines formed by the Saginaw and the Huron-Erie lobes of the Wisconsin glacier. From this the Lagrange moraine runs off northwestward (Leverett, Monogr. U. S. Geol. Surv., LIII, p. 143). Parts of the county are occupied by till plains and others by sand and gravel plains and channels of glacial drainage. At the time these mastodons lived in Steuben and Lagrange Counties, the Wisconsin ice must have retired quite beyond the limits of the State.
Mastodons Found North of Kankakee River.
41. Lowell, Lake County.—Mr. M. W. Ponto, Lowell, Indiana, has sent to the U. S. National Museum a photograph of a lower right hinder molar (apparently not yet having come into use) of a mastodon. This was found at a depth of 2 feet 9 inches in a trench for a tile drain. The locality is in the southwest quarter of the northeast quarter of section 36, township 33 north, range 9 west. This is on the southern border of what Leverett (Monogr. LIII, p. 175) regards as possibly the westward continuation of the Kalamazoo morainic system of the Lake Michigan glacial lobe.
42 to 44. Porter County.—In 1898 (22d Rep. Geol. Surv. Ind.), Professor W. S. Blatchley reported mastodons from various localities in this county; he probably did not see these remains, and the identifications must be regarded as somewhat doubtful. Nevertheless it is more probable that the bones and teeth belonged to the mastodon than to any of the elephants. The latter, however, have been found in this same county. It is rather remarkable that so little definite knowledge has been preserved regarding the proboscideans found in this corner of Indiana.
42. Hebron, Porter County.—One of the localities just mentioned is in section 25, township 33 north, range 7 west, about 3 miles southeast of Hebron. No other information has been obtained about this specimen. Other remains are said to have been found in a marsh, by the side of Cobb’s Creek, just east of Hebron.
43. Kouts, Porter County.—Another find of mastodon remains, as reported by Professor Blatchley, was near Sandyhook, northwest of Kouts. Mr. C. H. Wolbrandt, of Kouts, has informed the writer that a tooth, probably that referred to by Professor Blatchley, was found some years ago in a ditch being made in the Sandyhook marsh. The tooth was found in a mucky soil at a depth of about 2 feet.
The remains which were found east of Hebron and the tooth found near Kouts were buried near the northern border of the Kankakee marsh, which probably was, since the passing of the Wisconsin ice, no less a marsh than within historical times, and perhaps during some of the time a lake.