The winning of that victory lies on the sweating backs of men—in paddy-fields, on flaring highways, on flagstone pathways across a world, or behind the adobe and lattice walls of China's workshops. The war has conjured up an awareness of power. No one asks the lao-pai-hsing what they want; no ballots, no polls can reach them. But no people can hold such overt power and be unconscious of their own strength. China has awakened.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] The China Information Committee, News Release, April 1, 1940.
[2] The same, April 8, 1940. Minor changes in punctuation have been introduced.
[3] The same, May 6, 1940.
[4] Research Staff of the Secretariat, Institute of Pacific Relations, Agrarian China, Selected Source Materials from Chinese Authors, Shanghai, 1938. A more Leftist and even gloomier view is taken by Chen Han-seng, Landlord and Peasant in China, New York, 1936, and the same author's Industrial Capital and Chinese Peasants, A Study of the Livelihood of Chinese Tobacco Cultivators, Shanghai, 1939. Two general surveys of the Chinese economy are Condliffe, J. B., China Today: Economic, Boston, 1932, and Tawney, R. H., Land and Labour in China, New York, 1932. A significant hypothesis of the relations of economics, government, and culture in China is found in Lattimore, Owen, Inner Asian Frontiers of China, New York, 1940, Ch. III, esp. p. 39 ff.; this rests in part upon Wittfogel, Karl August, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Chinas, Leipzig, 1931, the leading Marxian exposition of the subject.
[5] Publicity release of Indusco, Inc., The American Committee in Aid of Chinese Industrial Cooperatives, New York, January 1940 [1941]. This agency, exceedingly active in publicizing China's cooperative progress, has released a great deal of up-to-date information on the movement. The Western literature on the C.I.C. has appeared mostly in popular sources, to which The Bulletin of Far Eastern Bibliography issued by the Committees on Far Eastern Studies of the American Council of Learned Societies, Washington, D. C., serves as a useful guide. The writings of Edgar Snow are of special value and vividness in treating this topic: articles in Asia, various dates; "China's Blitzbuilder, Rewi Alley," The Saturday Evening Post, Vol. 213, no. 32 (February 8, 1941); and his recent The Battle for Asia, New York, 1941, which appeared as this work was completed and sent to press. A convenient handbook is the anonymous The People Strike Back! or The Story of Chinese Industrial Cooperatives, Shanghai, (1939?).
[6] "The Movement in Action," New Defense, A Journal of the 30,000 Industrial Cooperatives Movement in China (Chungking) Vol. I, no. 1 (April 1939), p. 5.
[7] The China Information Committee, News Release, July 15, 1940. The article and tables have been somewhat abridged. The cooperatives spread so rapidly that figures are often obsolete before they are tabulated.
[8] "Model Constitution for Chinese Cooperative Societies, Revised July 7th, 1940," The China Information Committee, News Release, July 15, 1940.