Words wherein the Latin plural is the same as the Latin singular.

(a)Sing.Plur.(b)Sing.Plur.
Apparatusapparatus Cariescaries
Hiatushiatus Congeriescongeries
Impetusimpetus Seriesseries
Speciesspecies
Superficiessuperficies.

SECOND CLASS.

Words wherein the Latin plural is formed from the Latin singular by changing the last syllable.

(a).—Where the singular termination -a is changed in the plural into -æ:—

Sing.Plur.Sing.Plur.
Formula formulæNebulanebulæ
LaminalaminæScoriascoriæ.
Larvalarvæ

(b).—Where the singular termination -us is changed in the plural into -i:—

Sing.Plur.Sing.Plur.
CalculuscalculiPolypuspolypi
ColossuscolossiRadiusradii
Convolvulus convolvuliRanunculusranunculi
FocusfociSarcophagussarcophagi
GeniusgeniiSchirrusschirrhi
MagusmagiStimulusstimuli
NautilusnautiliTumulustumuli.
Œsophagusœsophagi

(c).—Where the singular termination -um is changed in the plural into -a:—

Sing.Plur.Sing.Plur.
AnimalculumanimalculaMausoleummausolea
ArcanumarcanaMediummedia
CollyriumcollyriaMemorandummemoranda
DatumdataMenstruummenstrua
DesideratumdesiderataMomentummomenta
EffluviumeffluviaPremiumpremia
EmporiumemporiaScholiumscholia
EncomiumencomiaSpectrumspectra
ErratumerrataSpeculumspecula
GymnasiumgymnasiaStratumstrata
LixiviumlixiviaSuccedaneumsuccedanea.
Lustrumlustra