Opuscula: Essays chiefly Philological and Ethnographical

by R. G. Latham

Preliminary to this we must eliminate the Malay from the Negrito. The full knowledge that this has been done imperfectly invalidates all that we have arrived at; so that, once for all, it may be stated, that what is asserted respecting the amount of words common to two localities is asserted subject to the condition of their being true Negrito and not Malay.

Andaman and Samang.—Few words in common; one coincident, and that borrowed in all probability from a third language.

New Guinea and Waigioo. By Waigioo is meant the Waigioo of Arago, and the Undetermined Vocabulary of Dentrecasteaux. They have about forty words in common, and the following are coincident:—

English.	Waigioo?	New Guinea?
hand	cocani, D.	konef.
belly	sgnani, A.	sneouar.
cheek	ganga foni, A.	gaiafoe.
breast	mansou, A.	soussou.
eyes	tagueni, D.	tadeni.
eyelids	inekarnei, A.	karneou.
foot	courgnai, A.	oekourae, heel.
fire	clap, A.	ap, afor.
hair	senoumebouran, A.	sonebrahene.
knee	capugi, A.	one-pouer.
rain	mei, D.	meker.
sand	saine, D.	iene, Malay.
nose {	sauny, D.	} soidon, mouth.
	soun, A.
stuff (made of bark of tree),	male, D.	maran, Malay.

New Guinea and New Ireland.—Forest and Dalrymple:—fish, een, F.; hissou, D. Mal.: fire, for, F.; eeff, D. Mal.: sand, yean, F., coon, D.: sun, ras, F.; nass, D: star, mak, F.; maemetia, D. Dalrymple and Utanata.—Upwards of twenty-five words in common:—Earth, taar, D.; tiri Mal.; Ut.: eat, nam nam, D.; nemuka, Ut.: tongue, hermangh, D.; mare, Ut. Dalrymple and Lobo.—About thirty words in common:—arms, pongliman, D.; nimango, Ut., Mal: belly, balang, D.; kanborongo, Ut.: tongue, hermangh, D.; kariongo, Ut.

Port Praslin and Carteret Bay (taken together), and Utanata and Lobo (taken together).—For the sake of comparison, the whole of the words that the two (or four) Vocabularies have in common are exhibited, and by their side the equivalents in Latin and in Greek.

English.	Utan. Lob.	P. P. and C. B.	Latin.	Greek.
arm	nimango	limak	brachium	[a]ὠλἐνη].
back			tergum	[a]νῶτον].
belly	kan-borongo	bala	venter	[a]γαστήρ].
beard			barba	[a]πώγον].
bud	manok	mani	avis	[a]ὃρνις].
breast			pectus	[a]στῆθος].
black	ikoko	guiam	niger	[a]μέλας].
cough	wouru	lou-koro	tussis	[a]βήξ].
dog	wure	poul	canis	[a]κύων].
dance			salio	[a]χορεύομαι].
eyes	matatongo	mata	oculus	[a]ὃφθαλμος].
— brows	wura	pouli matandi	supercilium	[a]ὀφρύς].
ear			auris	[a]ὀῦς].
eat			edo	[a]ἐσθίω].
fish			piscis	[a]ἰχθύς].
foot	kaingo	balan keke	pes	[a]πούς].
finger	nimango sori	lima	digitus	[a]δάκτυλος].
fire			ignis	[a]πῦρ].
great			magnus	[a]μέγας].
hair			crinis	[a]θριξ].
hand			manus	[a]χεῖρ].
hog	booi	bouri	porcus	[a]χοῖρος].
head	oepauw	pouklouk	caput	[a]κεφάλη].
knee	kairigo-woko {	tangoulou	} genu	[a]γόνυ].
		kekendi
		pougaigi
mouth			os	[a]στόμα].
moon			luna	[a]σελήνη].
neck			collum	[a]τράχηλος].
nose			nasus	[a]ρίς].
no			non	[a]οὐ].
red	napetiaro	tara	ruber	[a]ἐρυθρός].
run			curro	[a]τρέχω].
sugar-cane
tongue	kariongo	kermea	lingua	[a]γλῶσσα].
thigh			femur	[a]μηρός].
teeth			dens	[a]ὀδόυς].
water {	malar	} moloum	aqua	[a]ὕδωρ].
	waran
yes	oro	io	imo	[a]ναιχί].

With thirty-seven words in common, the two Negrito languages have seventeen coincident; with thirty-seven words in common; the two classical languages have nine coincident. The evidence, therefore, of the affinity of the Papua and New Ireland is stronger than of the Latin and Greek, as determined from identical data.

New Ireland and Manicolo.—The Port-Praslin and Carteret Bay Vocabularies being dealt with as one for New Ireland, and the three dialects being treated as one for Manicolo, we have, out of twenty-eight words in common, the following coinciding:—yes, io, P. P.; io, C. B.; io, Manic.: eye, mata, P. P.; matak, C. B.; mala, maleo, mataeo, Man., Mal.: banana, ounn C. B.; pounha, ounra, ounro, Man., Mal.: canoe, kouan, C. B.; naoure, goia, koure, Manic, Mal.: tooth, ninissai, P. P.; insik, C. B.; indje, Tanean: testes, puen, P. P.; boua bouinini, boua ini, Man.: beard, kam-bissek, C. B. (incam besser, Dalr.); oungoumie, vingoumie, Man., Mal.: breast, boroick, C. B.; berenhenham, Man.; ear, palalignai, P. P.; pralen, C. B.; manbalenhi, Manic.; hair, nihouge, D.; anaoko, Man.

Manicolo and Mallicollo.—Eighteen words in common, the following coincident:—Bread-fruit, baloe, Man.; barabe, Mall.: cocoa-nut, venoure, Man.; naroo, Mall.: eye, mataeo, Man.; maitang, Mall., Mal.: ear, tagnaini, Man.: talingan, Mall., Mal.: bird, menouka, Man.; moero, Mall., Mal.: head, batcha, Man.; basaine, Mall.: hog, boi boi, Man.; brrooas, Mall., Mal.: no, tae, Man.; taep, Mall.: water, ouine, Man.; ergour, Mall.: drink, kanou, nanou, Man.; nooae, Mall.