Of the Riccaree we have but one vocabulary (Catlin's North American Indians, vol. ii.); it has the following words common with the true Pawnee list of Say in the Archæologia Americana, vol. ii.
| English. | Pawnee. | Ricaree. |
|---|
| God | thouwahat | tewaroohteh. |
| devil | tsaheekshkakooraiwah | kakewaroohteh. |
| sun | shakoroo | shakoona. |
| fire | tateetoo | tekieeht. |
| moon | pa | wetah. |
| stars | opeereet | saca. |
| rain | tatsooroo | tassou. |
| snow | toosha | tahhau. |
| day | shakoorooeeshairet | shacona. |
| night | ceraishnaitee | eenahgt. |
| light | shusheegat | shakoonah. |
| dark | eeraishuaite | tekatistat. |
| hot | toueetstoo | towarist. |
| cold | taipeechee | teepse. |
| yes | nawa | neecoola. |
| no | kakee | kaka. |
| bear | koorooksh | keahya. |
| dog | ashakish | hohtch. |
| bow | teeragish | nache. |
| arrow | leekshoo | neeche. |
| hut | akkaroo | acare. |
| woman | tsapat | sapat. |
| boy | peeshkee | weenatch. |
| girl | tchoraksh | soonahtch. |
| child | peeron | pera. |
| head | pakshu | pahgh. |
| ears | atkaroo | tickokite. |
| eyes | keereekoo | cheereecoo. |
| hair | oshu | pahi. |
| hand | iksheeree | tehonare. |
| fingers | haspeet | parick. |
| foot | ashoo | ahgh. |
| canoe | lakohoroo | lahkeehoon. |
| river | kattoosh | sahonnee. |
| I | ta | nanto. |
| 1 | askoo | asco. |
| 2 | peetkoo | pitco. |
| 3 | touweet | towwit. |
| 4 | shkeetish | tcheetish. |
| 5 | sheeooksh | tcheetishoo. |
| 6 | sheekshabish | tcheetishpis. |
| 7 | peetkoosheeshabish | totchapis. |
| 8 | touweetshabish | tochapiswon. |
| 9 | looksheereewa | totchapisnahhenewon. |
| 10 | looksheeree | nahen. |
| 20 | petouoo | wetah. |
| 30 | luksheereewetouoo | sahwee. |
| 100 | sheekookshtaroo | shontan. |
The special affinities of the Riccaree are not very decided. It is anything rather than an isolated language; and will, probably, be definitely placed when we obtain vocabularies of the Indian languages of Texas.
| English | evil spirit. |
|---|
| Riccaree | kakewaroohteh. |
| Catawba | yahwerejeh. |
| English | sun. |
| Riccaree | shakoona. |
| Caddo | sako. |
| Salish | skokoleel. |
| Delaware | gishukh. |
| Mohican | kesogh. |
| Esquimaux | sukkenuk. |
| Tchuktchi | shekenak. |
| English | stars. |
| Riccaree | aca. |
| Caddo | tsokas. |
| English | night. |
| Riccaree | enaght. |
| Esquimaux | oonooak. |
| —— | unjuk. |
| Massachusetts | nukon. |
| English | dark. |
| Riccaree | tekatistat. |
| Attacapa | tegg—night. |
| Natchez | toowa—night. |
| Mohawk | tewhgarlars. |
| Oneida | tetincalas. |
| English | snow. |
| Riccaree | tahhau. |
| Adaize | towat. |
| Natchez | kowa. |
| Uche | stahae. |
| English | fire. |
| Riccaree | tekieeht. |
| Onondagos | yotecka. |
| Ioway | tako. |
| Ugalenz | takgak. |
| Kenay | taze. |
| English | cold. |
| Riccaree | teepse. |
| Attacapa | tsamps. |
| English | bad. |
| Riccaree | kah. |
| Mandan | k'hecush. |
| Sioux | sheecha. |
| English | boy. |
| Riccaree | weenatch. |
| Nottoway | aqueianha. |
| Esquimaux | einyook. |
| Winebago | eeneek—son. |
| Oneida | yungh. |
| English | head, hair. |
| Riccaree | pahgh, pahi. |
| Sioux | pah, pan. |
| Massachusetts | puhkuk. |
| Choctaw | eebuk. |
| Chiccasaw | skoboch. |
| English | eye. |
| Riccaree | cheereeco. |
| Tuscarora | ookawreh. |
| Esquimaux | eerruka. |
| English | foot. |
| Riccaree | ahgh. |
| Choctaw | iya. |
| Chiccasaw | eaya. |
| English | arms. |
| Riccaree | arrai. |
| Mandan | arda. |
| Tuscarora | orungjai. |
| English | bear. |
| Riccaree | keahya. |
| Seneca | yucwy. |
| Tchuktchi | kainga. |
| English | shoes. |
| Riccaree | hooche. |
| Sioux | hongha. |
| English | arrow. |
| Riccaree | neeche. |
| Choctaw | oski noki. |
| Chiccasaw | nucka. |
| English | hut. |
| Riccaree | acane. |
| Mohawk | canuchsha. |
| Onondago | ganschsaje. |
| Oneida | kaunoughsau. |
| Tuscarora | yaukuhnugh. |
| English | canoe. |
| Riccaree | lahkeehoon. |
| Taculli | allachee. |
| Salish | 'tlea'yh. |
| English | yes. |
| Riccaree | neecoola. |
| Adaize | cola. |
| English | no. |
| Riccaree | kaka. |
| Chetimacha | kahie. |
| Algonkin | kah. |
| Kenay | kukol. |
| English | I. |
| Riccaree | nanto. |
| Algonkin | neen. |
| English | you. |
| Riccaree | kaghon. |
| Algonkin | keen. |
| English | one. |
| Riccaree | asco. |
| Wyandot | scat. |
| Mohawk | huskat. |
| Onondayo | skata. |
| Seneca | skaut. |
| English | two. |
| Riccaree | pitco. |
| Caddo | behit. |
| English | four. |
| Riccaree | tcheetish. |
| Attacapa | tsets. |
| English | thirty. |
| Riccaree | sahwee. |
| Cherokee | tsawaskaw. |
The Creek and Choctaw Languages.—That the question as to the affinity between the Creek and the Choctaw languages is a question of classification rather than of fact, may be seen from the Archæologia Americana, vol. ii. p. 405; where it is shown that out of six hundred words, ninety-seven are common to the two languages.
The Caddo.—That this language has affinities with the Mohawk, Seneca, and the Iroquois tongues in general, and that it has words common to the Muskoge, the Catawba, the Pawnee, and the Cherokee languages may be seen from the tables of the Archæologia Americana. The illustrations however of these languages are to be drawn from a knowledge of the dialects of Texas and the Oregon districts, tracts of country whereon our information is preeminently insufficient.
The Natchez.—This language has the following miscellaneous affinities, insufficient to give it a place in any definite group, but sufficient to show that it is anything rather than an isolated language.
| English | man. |
|---|
| Natchez | tomkuhpena. |
| Cochimi | tamma. |
| St. Xavier | tamma. |
| Loretto | tamma. |
| St. Borgia | tama. |
| Othomi | dame. |
| Shahaptan | hama. |
| English | woman. |
| Natchez | tamahl. |
| Huasteca | tomol. |
| English | girl. |
| Natchez | hohlenoo. |
| Noosdalum | islanie. |
| Squallyamish | islanie. |
| Kawitchen | islanie. |
| English | head. |
| Natchez | tomme apoo. |
| Dacota | pah. |
| Yancton | pah. |
| Quappa | pahih. |
| Omahaw | pah. |
| English | hair. |
| Natchez | etene. |
| Mixteca | dzini. |
| English | eye. |
| Natchez | oktool. |
| Mexican | ikhtelolotli. |
| English | nose. |
| Natchez | shamats. |
| Huasteca | zam. |
| English | mouth. |
| Natchez | heche. |
| Poconchi | chi. |
| Maya | chi. |
| English | tooth. |
| Natchez | int. |
| Calapooiah | tinti. |
| Mexican | tentli—lip. |
| Cora | tenita. |
| English | moon. |
| Natchez | kwasip. |
| St. Antonio | tatsoopai. |
| Kawitchen | quassin—stars. |
| Noosdalum | quassin—stars. |
| English | star. |
| Natchez | tookul. |
| St. Antonio | tatchhuanilh. |
| Cathlascou | tukycha napucha. |
| Caddo | tsokas. |
| English | river. |
| Natchez | wol. |
| Pima | vo—lake. |
| Cathlascou | emalh. |
| English | hill. |
| Natchez | kweyakoopsel. |
| St. Juan Capistrano | kahui. |
| Kliketat | keh. |
| Dacota | khyaykah. |
| Yancton | haiaca. |
| English | maize. |
| Natchez | hokko. |
| Adaize | ocasuck. |
| English | tree. |
| Natchez | tshoo. |
| Choctaw | itte. |
| Chikkasaw | itta. |
| Muskoge | ittah. |
| English | flesh. |
| Natchez | wintse. |
| Algonkin | wioss. |
| English | deer. |
| Natchez | tza. |
| Winebago | tcha. |
| Quappa | tah. |
| Muskoge | itzo. |
| Caddo | dah. |
| English | buffalo. |
| Natchez | wastanem. |
| Uche | wetenenvuenekah. |
| English | fish. |
| Natchez | henn. |
| Chimmesyan | hone kustamoane—salmon. |
| Kliketat | tkinnat. |
| Shahaptan | tkinnat. |
| Mohawk | keyunk. |
| Seneca | kenyuck. |
| Oneida | kunjoon. |
| Nottoway | kaintu. |
| Yancton | hohung. |
| English | white. |
| Natchez | hahap. |
| Shahaptan | hipi. |
| Attacapa | cobb. |
| Old Algonkin | wabi. |
| Delaware | wape. |
| Shawnoe | opee. |
| English | black. |
| Natchez | tsokokop. |
| Narragansets | suckesu. |
| Long Island | shickayo. |
| English | bad. |
| Natchez | wattaks. |
| Mohawk | wahhatekuh. |
| Onondago | wahethe. |
| Oneida | wahetka. |
| English | cold. |
| Natchez | tzitakopana. |
| Kliketat | tsoisah. |
| Shahaptan | tsoisah. |
| English | hot. |
| Natchez | wahiloohie. |
| Muskoge | hahiye. |
| Attacapa | alliu. |
| English | I. |
| Natchez | tukehah. |
| Adaize | hicatuck. |
| Chetimacha | uticheca. |
| English | thou. |
| Natchez | ukkehah. |
| Kliketat | yuke. |
| English | arm. |
| Natchez | ish. |
| Dacota | ishto. |
| Yancton | isto. |
| English | blood. |
| Natchez | itsh. |
| Choctaw | issish. |
| Chikkasaw | issish. |
| English | town. |
| Natchez | walt. |
| Pawnee | kwat. |
| English | house. |
| Natchez | hahit. |
| Dacota | tea. |
| Yancton | teepee. |
| Quappa | tih. |
| Osage | tiah. |
| Omahaw | tee. |
| Minetare | attee. |
| English | friend. |
| Natchez | ketanesuh—my. |
| Chetimacha | keta. |
| English | boat. |
| Natchez | kwagtolt. |
| Chimmesyan | waigh—paddle. |
| Caddo | haugh. |
| English | sky. |
| Natchez | nasookta. |
| Chimmesyan | suchah. |
| Tlaoquatch | naase. |
| Muskoge | sootah. |
| Choctaw | shutik. |
| English | sun. |
| Natchez | wah. |
| Noosdalum | kokweh. |
| Squallyamish | thlokwahl. |
| Poconchi | quih. |
| Yancton | oouee. |
| English | night. |
| Natchez | toowa. |
| Chetimacha | timan. |
| Attacapa | tegg. |
| English | summer. |
| Natchez | amehika. |
| Billechoola | awmilk. |
| English | winter. |
| Natchez | kwishitshetakop. |
| Mohawk | koosilkhuhhuggheh. |
| Oneida | koashlakke. |
| Tuscarora. | koosehhea. |
| Nottoway | goshera. |
| English | thunder. |
| Natchez | pooloopooloolunluh. |
| Chimmesyan | killapilleip. |
| English | snow. |
| Natchez | kowa. |
| Billechoola | kai. |
| English | sea. |
| Natchez | kootshel. |
| St. Diego | khasilk. |
| Choctaw | okhuttah. |
| English | bear. |
| Natchez | tsokohp. |
| Uche | ptsaka. |
| English | snake. |
| Natchez | wollah. |
| Esquimaux | malligooak. |
| English | bird. |
| Natchez | shankolt. |
| Uchee | psenna. |
| Tascarora | tshenu. |
| English | eat. |
| Natchez | kimposko. |
| Muskoge | humbiischa. |
| English | run. |
| Natchez | kwalneskook. |
| Shahaptan | willnikit. |
| English | kill. |
| Natchez | appawe. |
| Choctaw | uhbe. |
| English | walk. |
| Natchez | naktik. |
| Adaize | enacoot. |
The Uche, Adaize, &c.—See Archæologia Americana, vol. ii. p. 306. For these languages, tables similar to those of the Natchez have been drawn up, which indicate similar affinities. The same can be done for the Chetimacha and Attacapa.
New Californian Languages.—The dialects of this district form no exception to the statements as to the unity of the American languages. In the Journal of the Geographical Society (part 2. vol. ii.) we find seven vocabularies for these parts. Between the language of the diocese of San Juan Capistrano and that of San Gabriel, the affinity is palpable, and traces of a regular letter change are exhibited, viz. from l to r: