Evidently the ancients were thoroughly well versed in the art of sanitation, for the lengths of cemented flooring are divided into catchment areas, separated from each other by raised step-barriers 4 in. high, 3 ft. 10 in. broad, laid across the passage. These are made of granite cement and have rounded edges. The floor has a slight fall on either side of these raised barriers, and in the lowest part of each area is a drain-hole passing through the main wall, the object evidently being to divide up the rainfall so that each drain should only have such a quantity of water as its capacity would allow it to carry off. The drain-holes passing outwards and downwards through the main walls are at (352 ft.), (391 ft. 6 in.), (442 ft.), and (471 ft.). These are believed to have once been lined with yellow granite cement. It is possible that other drains from this passage-way may yet be found.
Near (396 ft.) is a drain-hole leading into the passage from No. 14 Enclosure.
The floor at the extreme north end of the passage has not yet been uncovered, as it would be unsafe to remove any more depth of soil owing to the threatening condition of the wall at the gap before mentioned.
Near (338 ft.) is a flat granite beam 6 ft. long, which has evidently fallen from the summit of the main wall.
The Parallel Passage and Sacred Enclosure were used by old and recent generations of Makalanga as places in which to deposit their ash, pottery, iron, and bone débris, and this was found in places to a height of 3 ft. and 4 ft. The bones were of animals, mostly of buck, but some of oxen, and all had been split open for the marrow, as is usually found to be the case in all Makalanga débris heaps whether at any ruins or at their villages. Being sunless and damp these two places for occupation purposes appear to have been avoided by them.
SOUTH ENTRANCE TO PARALLEL PASSAGE, LOOKING SOUTH, ELLIPTICAL TEMPLE
PART OF PLATFORM AREA, LOOKING WEST, SHEWING DRAIN FROM No. 10 ENCLOSURE, ELLIPTICAL TEMPLE