PLATE II.
A SHIP'S SAILS.
INDEX OF REFERENCES.
| 1 | Fore topmast staysail. | 18 | Mizzen topgallant sail. |
| 2 | Jib. | 19 | Mizzen royal. |
| 3 | Flying jib. | 20 | Mizzen skysail. |
| 4 | Fore spencer. | 21 | Lower studdingsail. |
| 5 | Main spencer. | 21a | Lee ditto. |
| 6 | Spanker. | 22 | Fore topmast studdingsail. |
| 7 | Foresail. | 22a | Lee ditto. |
| 8 | Fore topsail. | 23 | Fore topgallant studdingsail. |
| 9 | Fore topgallant sail. | 23a | Lee ditto. |
| 10 | Fore royal. | 24 | Fore royal studdingsail. |
| 11 | Fore skysail. | 24a | Lee ditto. |
| 12 | Mainsail. | 25 | Main topmast studdingsail. |
| 13 | Main topsail. | 25a | Lee ditto. |
| 14 | Main topgallant sail. | 26 | Main topgallant studdingsail. |
| 15 | Main royal. | 26a | Lee ditto. |
| 16 | Main skysail. | 27 | Main royal studdingsail. |
| 17 | Mizzen topsail. | 27a | Lee ditto. |
PLATE III.
THE FRAME OF A SHIP.
INDEX OF REFERENCES.
| A. The Outside. | 5 | Half transoms. | |
| 1 | Upper stem-piece. | 6 | Main transom. |
| 2 | Lower stem-piece. | 7 | Quarter timbers. |
| 3 | Gripe. | 8 | Transom knees. |
| 4 | Forward keel-piece. | 9 | Horn timbers. |
| 5 | Middle keel-piece. | 10 | Counter-timber knee. |
| 6 | After keel-piece. | 11 | Stern-post. |
| 7 | False keel. | 12 | Rudder-head. |
| 8 | Stern knee. | 13 | Counter timbers. |
| 9 | Stern-post. | 14 | Upper-deck clamp. |
| 10 | Rudder. | ||
| 11 | Bilge streaks. | C. The Inside of the Bows. | |
| 12 | First streak under the wales. | 1 | Keelson. |
| 13 | Apron. | 2 | Pointers. |
| 14 | Lower apron. | 3 | Step for the mast. |
| 15 | Fore frame. | 4 | Breast-hook. |
| 16 | After frame. | 5 | Lower-deck breast-hook. |
| 17 | Wales. | 6 | Forward beam. |
| 18 | Waist. | 7 | Upper-deck clamp. |
| 19 | Plank-shear. | 8 | Knight-heads. |
| 20 | Timber-heads. | 9 | Hawse timbers. |
| 21 | Stanchions. | 10 | Bow timbers. |
| 22 | Rail. | 11 | Apron of the stem. |
| 23 | Knight-heads. | ||
| 24 | Cathead. | D. The Timbers. | |
| 25 | Fashion timbers. | 1 | Keelson. |
| 26 | Transoms. | 2 | Floor timbers. |
| 27 | Quarter pieces. | 3 | Naval timbers or ground futtocks. |
| 4 | Lower futtocks. | ||
| B. The Inside of the Stern. | 5 | Middle futtocks. | |
| 1 | Keelson. | 6 | Upper futtocks. |
| 2 | Pointers. | 7 | Top timbers. |
| 3 | Chock. | 8 | Half timbers, or half top-timbers. |
| 4 | Transoms. | ||
PLATE IV.
EXPLANATIONS.
Ship.—A ship is square-rigged throughout; that is, she has tops, and carries square sails on all three of her masts.
Bark.—A bark is square-rigged at her fore and main masts, and differs from a ship in having no top, and carrying only fore-and-aft sails at her mizzenmast.