WHO KILLED THEM.

R. R.

August, 1919.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
DEDICATION[5]
INTRODUCTION[9]
[I]. ARA PACIS[11]
[II]. UPWARDS, ALONG A WINDING ROAD[15]
[III]. TO THE MURDERED PEOPLES[23]
[IV]. TO THE UNDYING ANTIGONE[32]
[V]. A WOMAN'S VOICE FROM OUT THE TUMULT[34]
[VI]. FREEDOM[37]
[VII]. FREE RUSSIA, THE LIBERATOR[39]
[VIII]. TOLSTOY: THE FREE SPIRIT[41]
[IX]. TO MAXIM GORKI[45]
[X]. TWO LETTERS FROM MAXIM GORKI[47]
[XI]. TO THE WRITERS OF AMERICA[51]
[XII]. FREE VOICES FROM AMERICA[55]
[XIII]. ON BEHALF OF E. D. MOREL[67]
[XIV]. YOUNG SWITZERLAND[69]
[XV]. UNDER FIRE[86]
[XVI]. AVE, CÆSAR, MORITURI TE SALUTANT[95]
[XVII]. AVE, CÆSAR, THOSE WHO WISH TO LIVE SALUTE THEE[101]
[XVIII]. MEN IN BATTLE[106]
[XIX]. VOX CLAMANTIS[121]
[XX]. A GREAT EUROPEAN, G. F. NICOLAI[140]
[XXI]. REFLECTIONS ON READING AUGUSTE FOREL[175]
[XXII]. ON BEHALF OF THE INTERNATIONAL OF THE MIND[185]
[XXIII]. A CALL TO EUROPEANS[195]
[XXIV]. OPEN LETTER TO PRESIDENT WILSON[204]
[XXV]. AGAINST VICTORIOUS BISMARCKISM[207]
[XXVI]. DECLARATION OF THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE MIND[209]
[SUPPLEMENTARY NOTE TO CHAPTER XX][217]
[FOOTNOTES]

INTRODUCTION

THIS book is a sequel to Above the Battle. It consists of a number of articles written and published in Switzerland between the end of 1915 and the beginning of 1919. As collective title for the work, I have chosen "The Forerunners," for nearly all the essays relate to the dauntless few who, the world over, amid the tempests of war and universal reaction, have been able to keep their thoughts free, their international faith inviolate. The future will reverence the names of these great harbingers, who have been flouted, reviled, threatened, found guilty, and imprisoned. I speak of such as Bertrand Russell, E. D. Morel, Maxim Gorki, G. F. Nicolai, Auguste Forel, Andreas Latzko, Henri Barbusse, Stefan Zweig, and the choice spirits of France, America, and Switzerland, who have fought for freedom.

To these essays I have prefixed an ode, "Ara Pacis," written during the first days of the war. It is an act of faith in Peace and Concord. Another act of faith will comprise the final chapter. This time it will be faith in action; the faith which, in the face of the brute force of states and of tyrannical opinion, proclaims the invincible independence of Thought.

I was half inclined to add to this collection a meditation upon Empedocles of Agrigentum and the Reign of Hatred.[1] But it was somewhat too long, and its inclusion would have impaired the symmetry of the volume.

In republishing the articles, I have not kept to a strictly chronological order. It appeared preferable to group them in accordance with the nature of their contents or under the guidance of artistic considerations. But at the close of each essay I have mentioned the date of original publication, and, wherever possible, the date of composition.