[93] Cf. Capps, University of Chicago Decennial Publications, VI, 286, and American Journal of Philology, XXVIII (1907), 186 f.
[94] The divisions of tragedy are discussed on [pp. 192 f.], below. Five of the terms applied to the divisions of comedy appear also in tragedy, viz., prologue, parodus, episode, stasimum, and exodus; several, if not all, of the five seem to have originated in tragedy.
[95] From this second half of the parabasis comedy developed another epirrhematic division to which Zieliński also gave the name of syzygy. This was not exclusively choral, however, stood at no definite point in the play, and differed in still other respects from the epirrhematic syzygy of the parabasis. Three syzygies appear in Aristophanes’ Acharnians and Birds, none in his Lysistrata, Women in Council, and Plutus. Cf. White, op. cit., § 677. Since it is apparent that such syzygies are not primary in origin, they have been ignored in the foregoing discussion.
[96] Or at least reflect its influence; cf. the syzygies mentioned in the last note.
[97] Cf. Cornford, op. cit., p. 46.
[98] Cf. White, “An Unrecognized Actor in Greek Comedy,” Harvard Studies, XVII (1906), 124 f.
[99] Cf. Zieliński, op. cit., p. 190.
[100] Published by Usener in Rheinisches Museum f. Philologie, XXVIII (1873), 418.
[101] Cf. Aristophanes’ Clouds, vss. 537 ff. (Rogers’ translation). The original of “filthy symbols” is σκύτινον καθειμένον. It has therefore been suggested, especially since there seems to be an allusion to a phallus even in the Clouds (vs. 734), that Aristophanes is not to be understood as discontinuing the use of the phallus altogether in this play, but merely as abandoning the φαλλος καθειμένος in favor of the less indecent φαλλὸς ἀναδεδεμένος. Both types are seen in [Fig. 17].
[102] Figs. 17-19 are taken from Körte, op. cit., p. 69 (Fig. 1), p. 78 (Fig. 3), and p. 80 (Fig. 5), respectively. In Fig. 17 there are only three actors; the end figures are flute-players. Körte believes this scene to be taken from Middle Comedy. In Fig. 19 the phallus has been omitted.