To reduce the friction of the strings which operate in the several outside compart boards, where the strain and wear are particularly acute, and also to prevent the strings from cutting into the boards themselves, it is good practice to fix strips of ground glass between the different rows of strings, just above the compart boards. These strips of glass may be threaded through drilled holes in the compart board frame.
Construction of Simple Webs
Before enlarging further on details of fancy looms, it will be well to retrace our steps and consider the construction of some of the simpler forms of web, such as are made on what we have described as plain looms. The webs best known, perhaps, are those such as are used for men’s ordinary garter wear, and for cutting up to retail in the regular dry goods and notions trade. They vary from one-quarter to 2 inches in width. There are several distinct classes of these goods, the best known of which are the loom webs, the lisles and the cables, all of which are of single cloth construction, in which the filling is the main feature. There are generally two cotton warps used in such goods, one of which is commonly called the binder and weaves two up and two down, while the other is called the gut or filler, and works with the rubber warp, one up and one down. The selvages of these webs are made with the filling, which passes around a wire at each pick, the wire remaining stationary while the web is taken away from it in the process of weaving. An illustration of a loom web of this character is shown at Fig. 6. The draft and cam arrangement are shown at Fig. 6A.
Fig. 5.—Combination Warp and Shuttle Figure Produced on Overshot Dobby.
Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8 Fig. 9 Fig. 10
It is customary in some factories to use only one harness to carry both rubber and gut, inasmuch as the weaving of the two are the same and they both go in the same cavity or pocket of the web. Where such a method is employed there is always a tendency for the gut threads to get out of their proper places, and to fall together in pairs at irregular points, which will produce an objectionable “rowey” appearance in the goods. This will be noticed more particularly in white and light colored webs.
