Maecenas, counsels of, to Augustus in Dion Cassius, [446], [533];Trimalchio, a freedman of, [128] n.
counsels of, to Augustus in Dion Cassius, [446], [533];
Trimalchio, a freedman of, [128] n.
Magna Mater, brought from Pessinus, 204 B.C., [548];no Roman priest of, for 100 years, [ib.];growing popularity of, at Rome, in Spain and Dacia, [549];legend of, [ib.];her festival in spring, [550];her priests in the inscriptions, [550] sq.;her sacred colleges, [551];her disreputable followers in Apuleius, [ib.] sqq.;her worship transmuted, [554];the taurobolium and its history, [556];alliance of, with Mithra, and Attis, [556] sq.;women admitted to sacred rank, [557];identified with Maia, Demeter, Bona Dea, etc., [559]
brought from Pessinus, 204 B.C., [548];
no Roman priest of, for 100 years, [ib.];
growing popularity of, at Rome, in Spain and Dacia, [549];
legend of, [ib.];
her festival in spring, [550];
her priests in the inscriptions, [550] sq.;
her sacred colleges, [551];
her disreputable followers in Apuleius, [ib.] sqq.;
her worship transmuted, [554];
the taurobolium and its history, [556];
alliance of, with Mithra, and Attis, [556] sq.;
women admitted to sacred rank, [557];
identified with Maia, Demeter, Bona Dea, etc., [559]
Majesty, the law of, under the Empire, [33]
Malaga, inscriptions of, [209]
Manetho, treatise of, on myths, [561];assists the first Ptolemy in recasting Isiac worship, [ib.]
treatise of, on myths, [561];
assists the first Ptolemy in recasting Isiac worship, [ib.]
Marcian, on Colleges, [255]
Martial, deals with the same social subjects as Juvenal, [61];his graphic picture of the age, [61], [62];better side of, love of country life, picture of the farm of Faustinus, love of Bilbilis, [62];on Regulus, [156];on literary amateurs, [157];on Silius Italicus, [158];relations of, with Pliny, [158];regret for the capital, [198]
deals with the same social subjects as Juvenal, [61];
his graphic picture of the age, [61], [62];
better side of, love of country life, picture of the farm of Faustinus, love of Bilbilis, [62];
on Regulus, [156];
on literary amateurs, [157];
on Silius Italicus, [158];
relations of, with Pliny, [158];
regret for the capital, [198]
Maximus of Tyre, character of his Discourses, [349];conciliation of anthropomorphism with a higher vision of God by, [395];ethical theory of, [421];daemonology of, [429];fortified by tales of apparitions, [491];influenced by Aristotle, [421]
character of his Discourses, [349];
conciliation of anthropomorphism with a higher vision of God by, [395];
ethical theory of, [421];
daemonology of, [429];
fortified by tales of apparitions, [491];
influenced by Aristotle, [421]
Medicine, profession of, filled by Greeks, [92];great physicians, Antonius Musa, the Stertinii, etc., [ib.];sneers against, [ib.];public physicians in municipal towns, [219];income and munificence of the Stertinii, [224];science of, in the second century, superstitious elements, [459];how blended with real skill, [462];skilled physicians in temples of Asclepius, [465]
profession of, filled by Greeks, [92];
great physicians, Antonius Musa, the Stertinii, etc., [ib.];
sneers against, [ib.];
public physicians in municipal towns, [219];
income and munificence of the Stertinii, [224];
science of, in the second century, superstitious elements, [459];
how blended with real skill, [462];
skilled physicians in temples of Asclepius, [465]
Medixtuticus, title of, still preserved in Oscan towns, [203]
Minucius Felix, quoted, [545];on the festivals of Isis, [578] n.;on daemons, [433]
quoted, [545];
on the festivals of Isis, [578] n.;
on daemons, [433]
Miracles, Origen and Celsus on, [481];universal belief in, [482];miracles in temples of Serapis, [573];Vespasian consents to work, [ib.]
Origen and Celsus on, [481];
universal belief in, [482];
miracles in temples of Serapis, [573];
Vespasian consents to work, [ib.]
Mithra, growing power of, [386];the taurobolium a part of his worship, [556];alliance of, with Magna Mater and Attis, [ib.], [589] sq.;in the Vedas and Avestas, [586];in the Zoroastrian system, [587];the God of kings, [ib.];influence of Babylon on the worship of, [587];influence of syncretism in Asia Minor on, [588];the taurobolium probably borrowed, [ib.];origin of the Tauroctonus group, date of the introduction of thecult into Europe, [590];Plutarch’s statement in the Life of Pompey, [ib.];worship of, in the Flavian age, [ib.];syncretism of, [592];worship of, propagated by soldiers, civil servants, etc., [ib.];stages of its diffusion through Italy, [593];and north of the Alps, [594];progress of the worship along the Danube, [594] sqq.;legions which propagated it in Pannonia, [595];remains of, in Upper Germany, [596];in England, [597];in Gaul, [ib.];its many attractions, [ib.];Persian symbolism, [598];Babylonian elements in, astrology, [598], [602], sq.;relative influence of Iran and Babylon, different views of, [599];influence of Platonism and Pythagoreanism on, [600];doctrine of the soul’s descent, [ib.];cosmic theory, doctrine of emanation, and deification of elemental powers, [601] sqq.;Mithra as mediator in two senses, [604] sq.;the Dadophori, [ib.], [606];the legend recovered from monuments, [605];the petra genetrix, [ib.];symbolism of the slaughtered bull, [606];agape of Mithra and Sun, [607];various interpretations of the legend, [607];Mithraism a religion of combat, [608];its consolations, [ib.];its eschatology, [609];effect of the taurobolium, [ib.];ritual and sacraments of, [610];daily offices, and festivals of, [611];seven grades of the initiated, [611];ordeals of, [612];guilds of, [612];rites regarded as a diabolic parody of the Church, [613];description of the chapels of, [ib.] sq.;how Mithraism escaped persecution, [614];how it fostered theocratic ideas at Rome, [617] sqq.;a great imperial cult, [619];last days of, [ib.];worship of, a great effort of syncretism, [620];moral and mystic strength of, [621];relations to Christianity, [622];similarities between them, [623];weaknesses of Mithraism, [624];inseparably involved with Nature-worship, [626]
growing power of, [386];
the taurobolium a part of his worship, [556];
alliance of, with Magna Mater and Attis, [ib.], [589] sq.;
in the Vedas and Avestas, [586];
in the Zoroastrian system, [587];
the God of kings, [ib.];
influence of Babylon on the worship of, [587];
influence of syncretism in Asia Minor on, [588];
the taurobolium probably borrowed, [ib.];
origin of the Tauroctonus group, date of the introduction of the
cult into Europe, [590];
Plutarch’s statement in the Life of Pompey, [ib.];
worship of, in the Flavian age, [ib.];
syncretism of, [592];
worship of, propagated by soldiers, civil servants, etc., [ib.];
stages of its diffusion through Italy, [593];
and north of the Alps, [594];
progress of the worship along the Danube, [594] sqq.;
legions which propagated it in Pannonia, [595];
remains of, in Upper Germany, [596];
in England, [597];
in Gaul, [ib.];
its many attractions, [ib.];
Persian symbolism, [598];
Babylonian elements in, astrology, [598], [602], sq.;
relative influence of Iran and Babylon, different views of, [599];
influence of Platonism and Pythagoreanism on, [600];
doctrine of the soul’s descent, [ib.];
cosmic theory, doctrine of emanation, and deification of elemental powers, [601] sqq.;
Mithra as mediator in two senses, [604] sq.;
the Dadophori, [ib.], [606];
the legend recovered from monuments, [605];
the petra genetrix, [ib.];
symbolism of the slaughtered bull, [606];
agape of Mithra and Sun, [607];
various interpretations of the legend, [607];
Mithraism a religion of combat, [608];
its consolations, [ib.];
its eschatology, [609];
effect of the taurobolium, [ib.];
ritual and sacraments of, [610];
daily offices, and festivals of, [611];
seven grades of the initiated, [611];
ordeals of, [612];
guilds of, [612];
rites regarded as a diabolic parody of the Church, [613];
description of the chapels of, [ib.] sq.;
how Mithraism escaped persecution, [614];
how it fostered theocratic ideas at Rome, [617] sqq.;
a great imperial cult, [619];
last days of, [ib.];
worship of, a great effort of syncretism, [620];
moral and mystic strength of, [621];
relations to Christianity, [622];
similarities between them, [623];
weaknesses of Mithraism, [624];
inseparably involved with Nature-worship, [626]
Monarchy, Seneca’s conception of, [16];hereditary succession and adoption, [27];ideal of, in Dion Chrysostom, [377], sqq.;apotheosis of, in third century, [615] sqq.;attitude of Tacitus to, [21]
Seneca’s conception of, [16];
hereditary succession and adoption, [27];
ideal of, in Dion Chrysostom, [377], sqq.;
apotheosis of, in third century, [615] sqq.;
attitude of Tacitus to, [21]
Morals, divorced from politics and speculation, [290] sq.;became a religion in Seneca, [305];relation of precept and dogma, [ib.];freedom and necessity, [311];the fall of man, [312];Plutarch’s theory of, [410] sqq.
divorced from politics and speculation, [290] sq.;
became a religion in Seneca, [305];
relation of precept and dogma, [ib.];
freedom and necessity, [311];
the fall of man, [312];
Plutarch’s theory of, [410] sqq.
Municipal life, picture of, in Petronius, [133] sqq.;rapid organisation of, in Spain, Gaul, Dacia, etc., immense growth of towns, [200];Baden in 69 A.D., [201];Thamugadi in Numidia, [202];policy of government towards provincial towns, [203];drift towards uniformity of civic organisation, influence of the capital, [204];how towns were formed, [207];development from castra stativa, [207], sq.;soldiers allowed to live with their families in the third century, [208];municipal town aristocratic in constitution, [209], [231];Album Canusii, [210];the honestiores, [ib.];popular election the rule in the first century, [211];magistracies, [212];their burdens, signs of decay, [212];powers of the duumvirs, [213];the Curia, its numbers, qualification, and privileges, [214], [215];local Equites, [215];Augustales, their importance, organisation, insignia, etc., [216], [217];municipal finance, [218];public charges, food, education, medical attendance, [219];public works, [220];finances, and maladministration of Bithynian towns in Trajan’s reign, [220], [221];municipal life of Pompeii, [222], sqq.;generous gifts to towns, [223], [225];examples from the inscriptions, [226] sqq.;public feasts on a great scale, [229];gifts of money according to social rank, [230];tone of town life, [231];pleasures of, [233];gladiatorial shows, [236] sqq.;how the community rewarded benefactors, [244] sq.;municipal meanness, [245];decaying local patriotism, [246];Plutarch on, [247];growing centralisation and interference, [248];shadows of the end, [249]
picture of, in Petronius, [133] sqq.;
rapid organisation of, in Spain, Gaul, Dacia, etc., immense growth of towns, [200];
Baden in 69 A.D., [201];
Thamugadi in Numidia, [202];
policy of government towards provincial towns, [203];
drift towards uniformity of civic organisation, influence of the capital, [204];
how towns were formed, [207];
development from castra stativa, [207], sq.;
soldiers allowed to live with their families in the third century, [208];
municipal town aristocratic in constitution, [209], [231];
Album Canusii, [210];
the honestiores, [ib.];
popular election the rule in the first century, [211];
magistracies, [212];
their burdens, signs of decay, [212];
powers of the duumvirs, [213];
the Curia, its numbers, qualification, and privileges, [214], [215];
local Equites, [215];
Augustales, their importance, organisation, insignia, etc., [216], [217];
municipal finance, [218];
public charges, food, education, medical attendance, [219];
public works, [220];
finances, and maladministration of Bithynian towns in Trajan’s reign, [220], [221];
municipal life of Pompeii, [222], sqq.;
generous gifts to towns, [223], [225];
examples from the inscriptions, [226] sqq.;
public feasts on a great scale, [229];
gifts of money according to social rank, [230];
tone of town life, [231];
pleasures of, [233];
gladiatorial shows, [236] sqq.;
how the community rewarded benefactors, [244] sq.;
municipal meanness, [245];
decaying local patriotism, [246];
Plutarch on, [247];
growing centralisation and interference, [248];
shadows of the end, [249]
Musonius, his ideal of chastity, [77];condemns the Sophists, [344];exile of, under Nero; character of his teaching; preaches to the soldiery in 69 A.D., [348]
his ideal of chastity, [77];
condemns the Sophists, [344];
exile of, under Nero; character of his teaching; preaches to the soldiery in 69 A.D., [348]
Nature, love of, in Virgil, [197];in Pliny, [174];in Martial, [ib.], [62], [198]
love of, in Virgil, [197];
in Pliny, [174];
in Martial, [ib.], [62], [198]
Nero, hereditary taint of, [17];not without some good qualities, [17];could inspire affection, [18];his devotion to art, and its evil results, [19];a cupitor incredibilium, [20];his waste leads to cruel oppression, [20], [21];examples of wild profusion, [32];his superstition, [45], [536];compelled by the mob to recall Octavia, [49];popular indignation at his appearance on the stage, [74];the “Noctes Neronis,” [75];his phil-Hellenism, [89];silences Delphi, [434];belief in astrology, [448];propitiates his mother’s shade, [491];flattery of, by the Arval Brothers, [542];worshipped by Tiridates, [617];violence to Delphi, [472]
hereditary taint of, [17];
not without some good qualities, [17];
could inspire affection, [18];
his devotion to art, and its evil results, [19];
a cupitor incredibilium, [20];
his waste leads to cruel oppression, [20], [21];
examples of wild profusion, [32];
his superstition, [45], [536];
compelled by the mob to recall Octavia, [49];
popular indignation at his appearance on the stage, [74];
the “Noctes Neronis,” [75];
his phil-Hellenism, [89];
silences Delphi, [434];
belief in astrology, [448];
propitiates his mother’s shade, [491];
flattery of, by the Arval Brothers, [542];
worshipped by Tiridates, [617];
violence to Delphi, [472]
Nerva, retrenchments of, [32];first provided for poor children, [192]
retrenchments of, [32];
first provided for poor children, [192]
Nicomedia, D. Chrysostom on its public vices, [373]
Numa, apocryphal books of, [564]

Octavia, divorced on false charge, and recalled by Nero at the bidding of the mob, [49]
Oenomaus of Gadara, rejection of myth and oracles by, [363];theory of oracles, [364];Julian’s denunciation of, [ib.]
rejection of myth and oracles by, [363];
theory of oracles, [364];
Julian’s denunciation of, [ib.]
Olbia, D. Chrysostom’s visit to, [371] sq.
Oracles, decay of, [434];revival of, [386];theory of their inspiration, [437] sqq.;and of their cessation, [437], [471];that of Abonoteichos defers to the older, [472];many oracles not silenced till the reign of Constantine, [473];how an oracle was worked, [474];oracles in Boeotia, [471]
decay of, [434];
revival of, [386];
theory of their inspiration, [437] sqq.;
and of their cessation, [437], [471];
that of Abonoteichos defers to the older, [472];
many oracles not silenced till the reign of Constantine, [473];
how an oracle was worked, [474];
oracles in Boeotia, [471]
Orphic mysticism, the, [427]; influence of, on Virgil, [494];on Mithraism, [600];on belief in immortality, [516]
influence of, on Virgil, [494];
on Mithraism, [600];
on belief in immortality, [516]
Osterburken, remains of Mithra worship at, [596]
Ostia, colleges at, [215];cult of Mithra at, [591];temple of Magna Mater at, [ib.]
colleges at, [215];
cult of Mithra at, [591];
temple of Magna Mater at, [ib.]
Otho, extravagance of, [32];his belief in astrology, [45], [448];devotion of soldiers to, [50];his end, [449];flattered by the Arval Brotherhood, [541];the first Emperor who took part in Isiac worship, [566]
extravagance of, [32];
his belief in astrology, [45], [448];
devotion of soldiers to, [50];
his end, [449];
flattered by the Arval Brotherhood, [541];
the first Emperor who took part in Isiac worship, [566]
Ovid, his ideal of womanhood, [77], [142];shocked by the influence of the theatre on women, [86];attitude to religion, [532]
his ideal of womanhood, [77], [142];
shocked by the influence of the theatre on women, [86];
attitude to religion, [532]
Pallas, power and insolence of, receives the adulation of the Senate, his wealth, and his end, [111]
Panaetius and the Scipionic circle, [293]; modification of Stoicism by, [408];abandons belief in immortality, [500];rejects divination, [530];little sympathy with popular religion, [531]
modification of Stoicism by, [408];
abandons belief in immortality, [500];
rejects divination, [530];
little sympathy with popular religion, [531]
Panthea, mistress of L. Verus, charms of, described by Lucian, [115]
Paphlagonia, superstition of, [474]
Pastophori of Isis, the, recognised by Sulla, [565];scribe of, [570]
recognised by Sulla, [565];
scribe of, [570]
Peregrinus, early history of, connection with the Christians, and self-immolation, [354];Lucian’s attacks on his character, [354];assumes that the motive of Peregrinus was notoriety, [356];Peregrinus influenced by eastern mysticism, [355];character of, in Aulus Gellius, [358]
early history of, connection with the Christians, and self-immolation, [354];
Lucian’s attacks on his character, [354];
assumes that the motive of Peregrinus was notoriety, [356];
Peregrinus influenced by eastern mysticism, [355];
character of, in Aulus Gellius, [358]
Pessimism, of Seneca, [10], [11], [14], [303], [313];of Tacitus, [30], [46];Juvenal, [65];M. Aurelius, [304], [335];of the Greek poets, [416]
of Seneca, [10], [11], [14], [303], [313];
of Tacitus, [30], [46];
Juvenal, [65];
M. Aurelius, [304], [335];
of the Greek poets, [416]
Petronius, shared in the “Noctes Neronis,” [75];various opinions as to the date and object of his Satiricon, [120];motive of the work, [122];the Petronius of Tacitus, his character and his end; the Satiricon only a fragment, [124];not without a higher moral tone, [125];originality of Petronius, [126];the scene and the characters, [127]
shared in the “Noctes Neronis,” [75];
various opinions as to the date and object of his Satiricon, [120];
motive of the work, [122];
the Petronius of Tacitus, his character and his end; the Satiricon only a fragment, [124];
not without a higher moral tone, [125];
originality of Petronius, [126];
the scene and the characters, [127]
Philosophy, power of, in government, [6];Stoic opposition in the first century, [39], [151] sqq.;was it ever a dangerous force? [40];new ideals of humanity, [63];elevating influence of, [190];change in the conception of, in the first century, [289];practical interest in predominant, causes of the change, [339], [290] sq.;eclecticism and scepticism in, [ib.], [408], [412];necessity for moral reform, [292];private direction of souls, [293];directors in great houses, [294];the philosopher a generis humani paedagogus, [299];modifications of Stoicism in Seneca, [314] sqq., [306];“nulla virtus sine philosophia,” [341];eclecticism, [343];the Cynic opposition, [362] sq.;eclecticism of Dion Chrysostom, [368] sq.;need of a philosophic théodicée, [384];effort of, to rehabilitate myth, [432]
power of, in government, [6];
Stoic opposition in the first century, [39], [151] sqq.;
was it ever a dangerous force? [40];
new ideals of humanity, [63];
elevating influence of, [190];
change in the conception of, in the first century, [289];
practical interest in predominant, causes of the change, [339], [290] sq.;
eclecticism and scepticism in, [ib.], [408], [412];
necessity for moral reform, [292];
private direction of souls, [293];
directors in great houses, [294];
the philosopher a generis humani paedagogus, [299];
modifications of Stoicism in Seneca, [314] sqq., [306];
“nulla virtus sine philosophia,” [341];
eclecticism, [343];
the Cynic opposition, [362] sq.;
eclecticism of Dion Chrysostom, [368] sq.;
need of a philosophic théodicée, [384];
effort of, to rehabilitate myth, [432]
Pheidias, the Olympian Zeus of, [380];his defence of anthropomorphism in D. Chrysostom, [382]
the Olympian Zeus of, [380];
his defence of anthropomorphism in D. Chrysostom, [382]
Pisa, disturbance at elections in, [212]
Piso, the conspiracy of, [47] sq.
Platonism, few adherents of, in the first century, [408];affected Panaetius, [ib.];and Seneca, [308];and Plutarch, [409];its daemonology, [430];encouraged belief in immortality, [501];visionary power of the great Master, [523];influence on Mithraism, [600]
few adherents of, in the first century, [408];
affected Panaetius, [ib.];
and Seneca, [308];
and Plutarch, [409];
its daemonology, [430];
encouraged belief in immortality, [501];
visionary power of the great Master, [523];
influence on Mithraism, [600]
Plebeian life, picture of, in Petronius, [132] sqq.;in the inscriptions, [252] sq., [271]
picture of, in Petronius, [132] sqq.;
in the inscriptions, [252] sq., [271]
Pliny, the elder, on Roman luxury, [67], [68];care of his nephew, [145];life, character, and prodigious industry of, [146];scorn for popular religion, [535];superstition of, [451];rejection of immortality, [502];on town life in Spain and Gaul, [201] sq.;description of baths of Posides, [112];on the Stertinii, [224]
on Roman luxury, [67], [68];
care of his nephew, [145];
life, character, and prodigious industry of, [146];
scorn for popular religion, [535];
superstition of, [451];
rejection of immortality, [502];
on town life in Spain and Gaul, [201] sq.;
description of baths of Posides, [112];
on the Stertinii, [224]
Pliny, the younger, ideal of the principate in the Panegyric, [43];compared with Juvenal as a painter of society, [141];idealised his circle, [142], [185];his blameless aristocrats, [144];early life of, influence of Quintilian on, [149];student friends, [150];admiration of the Stoic circle, [151];military service, and entrance on forensic work, [153] sq.;the Centumviral court, [154] sq.;sketch of Regulus, [155] sqq.;passion for fame, [157];literary amateurs, [157];befriends Martial, [158];admiration for Cicero, and for Greece, [158];his loose verses, [159];ideas of oratory, [160];value of his Letters, [161], [163];imitated in fourth century, [ib.];their principle of arrangement, and date, [162];his devotion to literature, [164];admiration for Tacitus, [ib.];his judgment of Silius Italicus, [ib.];theory of life, [165];literary coteries, Greek verse writing, [166];writers of history, [167];literary competitions, [171];the plague of recitations; Pliny gives readings himself, and punctually attends them: his estimate of their value, [173];weariness of the capital and love of the country, [174];not a sportsman, [175];pictures of Roman country seats, [175];routine of country life, [179];management of [pg 636]rural estates, [180];Pliny’s kindness to slaves and dependents, [181];view of suicide, [183];Corellius Rufus, [184];Pliny’s belief in the solidarity of rank, and the duty of mutual support, [186];his superstition, [452], [490];delight in helping young men of the upper class, [187];love for Calpurnia, and ideal of girlhood, [188], [189];last glimpse of Pliny and Calpurnia, [189];he represents the finest moral tone of the age, [190];his many benefactions and their amount, [193], [224]
ideal of the principate in the Panegyric, [43];
compared with Juvenal as a painter of society, [141];
idealised his circle, [142], [185];
his blameless aristocrats, [144];
early life of, influence of Quintilian on, [149];
student friends, [150];
admiration of the Stoic circle, [151];
military service, and entrance on forensic work, [153] sq.;
the Centumviral court, [154] sq.;
sketch of Regulus, [155] sqq.;
passion for fame, [157];
literary amateurs, [157];
befriends Martial, [158];
admiration for Cicero, and for Greece, [158];
his loose verses, [159];
ideas of oratory, [160];
value of his Letters, [161], [163];
imitated in fourth century, [ib.];
their principle of arrangement, and date, [162];
his devotion to literature, [164];
admiration for Tacitus, [ib.];
his judgment of Silius Italicus, [ib.];
theory of life, [165];
literary coteries, Greek verse writing, [166];
writers of history, [167];
literary competitions, [171];
the plague of recitations; Pliny gives readings himself, and punctually attends them: his estimate of their value, [173];
weariness of the capital and love of the country, [174];
not a sportsman, [175];
pictures of Roman country seats, [175];
routine of country life, [179];
management of [pg 636]rural estates, [180];
Pliny’s kindness to slaves and dependents, [181];
view of suicide, [183];
Corellius Rufus, [184];
Pliny’s belief in the solidarity of rank, and the duty of mutual support, [186];
his superstition, [452], [490];
delight in helping young men of the upper class, [187];
love for Calpurnia, and ideal of girlhood, [188], [189];
last glimpse of Pliny and Calpurnia, [189];
he represents the finest moral tone of the age, [190];
his many benefactions and their amount, [193], [224]
Plutarch, on the duties of municipal life, [247];early history of, [401];friends of, at Rome, [402];love of Chaeronea, and Delphi, [403];visits to other parts of Greece, [403];table talk of, [404];his historic power, [406];ethical motive in, predominant, [405];admiration for Plato, [409];eclecticism, [ib.];attacks Stoic psychology, [410];adopts some Aristotelian principles, [412];yet has many Stoic elements, [414];his treatment of Fate and free-will, [412];ideal of moral teaching, [413];conception of theology, [417];idea of God, [418];of matter and evil, [419];treatment of myth and religious symbol, [423];daemonology, [430] sqq.;used to rehabilitate myth, [432];interest in Delphi, [435] sqq.;theory of inspiration, [439];on the future state, [496] sq.;on comfort in the Mysteries, [516];Consolation to his wife on the death of their daughter, [520] sq.;arguments for immortality, [521] sqq.;visions of the future world, [523] sqq.;reference to Mithra as a mediator, [590];on the first appearance of Mithraism in Europe, [590];tales of ghosts at Chaeronea, [490]
on the duties of municipal life, [247];
early history of, [401];
friends of, at Rome, [402];
love of Chaeronea, and Delphi, [403];
visits to other parts of Greece, [403];
table talk of, [404];
his historic power, [406];
ethical motive in, predominant, [405];
admiration for Plato, [409];
eclecticism, [ib.];
attacks Stoic psychology, [410];
adopts some Aristotelian principles, [412];
yet has many Stoic elements, [414];
his treatment of Fate and free-will, [412];
ideal of moral teaching, [413];
conception of theology, [417];
idea of God, [418];
of matter and evil, [419];
treatment of myth and religious symbol, [423];
daemonology, [430] sqq.;
used to rehabilitate myth, [432];
interest in Delphi, [435] sqq.;
theory of inspiration, [439];
on the future state, [496] sq.;
on comfort in the Mysteries, [516];
Consolation to his wife on the death of their daughter, [520] sq.;
arguments for immortality, [521] sqq.;
visions of the future world, [523] sqq.;
reference to Mithra as a mediator, [590];
on the first appearance of Mithraism in Europe, [590];
tales of ghosts at Chaeronea, [490]
Politta, wife of Rubellius Plautus, courage and devotion of, [49]
Polybius, freedman minister of Claudius, life of, described by Seneca, [108]
Polybius, the historian, his attitude to Roman religion, [531]
Pompeii, situation and various industries of, [223];family of the Holconii, Eumachia, their gifts to the town, [223];amphitheatre and temple of Isis at, [224], [563];election placards at, [211];tombs of Alexandrian traders at, [567];colleges of “late sleepers” and “late drinkers” at, [265]
situation and various industries of, [223];
family of the Holconii, Eumachia, their gifts to the town, [223];
amphitheatre and temple of Isis at, [224], [563];
election placards at, [211];
tombs of Alexandrian traders at, [567];
colleges of “late sleepers” and “late drinkers” at, [265]
Pontifex Maximus, the, [534]; office held by the Emperors, its power, [535]
office held by the Emperors, its power, [535]
Poppaea, her sympathy with Judaism, [83]
Post, the public, organisation of, [206];Pliny’s use of, for Calpurnia, [189]
organisation of, [206];
Pliny’s use of, for Calpurnia, [189]
Poverty, contempt for, [104];common in Juvenal’s time, [94];D. Chrysostom on, [375]
contempt for, [104];
common in Juvenal’s time, [94];
D. Chrysostom on, [375]
Prayer, an effort of adoration, [394];a colloquy with God, [420]
an effort of adoration, [394];
a colloquy with God, [420]
Preachers, the philosophic, Apollonius, [347];Musonius, [348];Maximus of Tyre, [349];Dion Chrysostom, [370] sqq.
Apollonius, [347];
Musonius, [348];
Maximus of Tyre, [349];
Dion Chrysostom, [370] sqq.
Prudentius, description of the taurobolium by, [558]
Public works, mismanagement of, in Bithynia, [220] sq.;curator of, [ib.];undertaken by private persons, evidence of inscriptions on, [225] sq.
mismanagement of, in Bithynia, [220] sq.;
curator of, [ib.];
undertaken by private persons, evidence of inscriptions on, [225] sq.
Pythagoreanism, not extinct in the first century B.C., [398];daemonology of, [428];influence of, on Virgil, [493] sq.;on Seneca, [515];connection with the Mysteries, [516];spiritual influence of, [517];influence on the mythology of Egypt, [562];and on Mithraism, [600]
not extinct in the first century B.C., [398];
daemonology of, [428];
influence of, on Virgil, [493] sq.;
on Seneca, [515];
connection with the Mysteries, [516];
spiritual influence of, [517];
influence on the mythology of Egypt, [562];
and on Mithraism, [600]
Quintilian, career of, as a teacher, and high moral influence, [149];treats immortality as an open question, [502]
career of, as a teacher, and high moral influence, [149];
treats immortality as an open question, [502]
Readings, the plague of, in Juvenal, [59], [95];in Pliny, [160], [173];in Martial, [61]
the plague of, in Juvenal, [59], [95];
in Pliny, [160], [173];
in Martial, [61]
Regulus, M. Aquilius, career of, as delator, [37];as pleader, his wealth, and eccentricities, [155], [156]
career of, as delator, [37];
as pleader, his wealth, and eccentricities, [155], [156]
Religion, old Roman, decay of, from the second Punic War, [529];its causes, [530];attitude to, of Varro, Panaetius, Polybius, [531];Augustan restoration of, [533];conservative influence of the chief pontificate, [535];early emperors continue the Augustan policy, [536];reverence for the oldest Latin deities in the inscriptions, [538];Jupiter, [543];Hercules, Silvanus, and the Nymphs, [539];revival of the Arval Brotherhood, [540] sqq.;feeling of the educated to, [544];real strength of, [545];last champions of, in the fourth century, [546];its formalism compared with the eastern worships, [554]
decay of, from the second Punic War, [529];
its causes, [530];
attitude to, of Varro, Panaetius, Polybius, [531];
Augustan restoration of, [533];
conservative influence of the chief pontificate, [535];
early emperors continue the Augustan policy, [536];
reverence for the oldest Latin deities in the inscriptions, [538];
Jupiter, [543];
Hercules, Silvanus, and the Nymphs, [539];
revival of the Arval Brotherhood, [540] sqq.;
feeling of the educated to, [544];
real strength of, [545];
last champions of, in the fourth century, [546];
its formalism compared with the eastern worships, [554]
Scepticism, from the second Punic War, [530];the scepticism of the elder Pliny, Seneca, Juvenal, etc., [535]
from the second Punic War, [530];
the scepticism of the elder Pliny, Seneca, Juvenal, etc., [535]
Seleucus, an astrologer of Otho, [448]
Senate, the, prestige and ancient claims of, [38];hated and feared by bad princes, [38], [39];respect for, under good Emperors, [39];theoretical position of, under the Empire, [41], [42];Pliny’s Panegyric throws light on, [44];moral degradation of, shown in 69 A.D., [50];poverty of many great houses, [51], [71];insults heaped on, by Emperors, [51];reduction of its numbers by massacre [pg 637]etc., [71];great families pensioned by Emperors, [71];Senators compelled to act and fight as gladiators, [73], [74];scorn of, for freedmen, [113];frivolity of, in Pliny’s time, [185];senatorial life in the country, [174] sqq.
prestige and ancient claims of, [38];
hated and feared by bad princes, [38], [39];
respect for, under good Emperors, [39];
theoretical position of, under the Empire, [41], [42];
Pliny’s Panegyric throws light on, [44];
moral degradation of, shown in 69 A.D., [50];
poverty of many great houses, [51], [71];
insults heaped on, by Emperors, [51];
reduction of its numbers by massacre [pg 637]etc., [71];
great families pensioned by Emperors, [71];
Senators compelled to act and fight as gladiators, [73], [74];
scorn of, for freedmen, [113];
frivolity of, in Pliny’s time, [185];
senatorial life in the country, [174] sqq.
Seneca, his experience of the tyranny, [7], [8];sad close of his life, [9];knowledge of character, how acquired, [9];conception of the state of nature, and pessimism of, [10], [11], [14], [304], [313];ghastly picture of high society, [11];of slavery, [12], [329];his terrors, [13];attitude to philosophic revolutionaries, [15];conception of imperial power, [16];ideal of female character and capacity, [188];anticipates the movement of the Antonine age, [190];as a spiritual director, [294];his undoubted power, [295];his experience prepared him for the work, [296] sqq.;his court-life and wealth, [ib.];contrasts in, [297];calumnies against, [298];conception of the great office of philosophy, [299];attitude to liberal studies, [300];treatment of Physics, the moral effects and lessons of the study, [301] sqq.;intense earnestness of, [304];defends and quotes Epicurus, [306];yet often a Stoic dogmatist, [ib.];conception of God, [307], [390];influenced by Platonism, [308];his psychology, [308] sq.;necessity and conversion, [311];the fall of man, [312];Aristotelian elements in, [314] sq.;humility of, [316];his disciples of the upper class, [317];on philosophic retreat, [318];his precepts for moral growth, [320] sqq.;death a mere bugbear, [322];attitude to myth, [ib.];on public duty, [325];on the social instinct, kindness, forgiveness, etc., [327];his ideal of womanhood, [329];Seneca and Thomas à Kempis, [331];his view of immortality approaches the Christian, [5], [13] sqq.;Pythagorean influences on, [515]
his experience of the tyranny, [7], [8];
sad close of his life, [9];
knowledge of character, how acquired, [9];
conception of the state of nature, and pessimism of, [10], [11], [14], [304], [313];
ghastly picture of high society, [11];
of slavery, [12], [329];
his terrors, [13];
attitude to philosophic revolutionaries, [15];
conception of imperial power, [16];
ideal of female character and capacity, [188];
anticipates the movement of the Antonine age, [190];
as a spiritual director, [294];
his undoubted power, [295];
his experience prepared him for the work, [296] sqq.;
his court-life and wealth, [ib.];
contrasts in, [297];
calumnies against, [298];
conception of the great office of philosophy, [299];
attitude to liberal studies, [300];
treatment of Physics, the moral effects and lessons of the study, [301] sqq.;
intense earnestness of, [304];
defends and quotes Epicurus, [306];
yet often a Stoic dogmatist, [ib.];
conception of God, [307], [390];
influenced by Platonism, [308];
his psychology, [308] sq.;
necessity and conversion, [311];
the fall of man, [312];
Aristotelian elements in, [314] sq.;
humility of, [316];
his disciples of the upper class, [317];
on philosophic retreat, [318];
his precepts for moral growth, [320] sqq.;
death a mere bugbear, [322];
attitude to myth, [ib.];
on public duty, [325];
on the social instinct, kindness, forgiveness, etc., [327];
his ideal of womanhood, [329];
Seneca and Thomas à Kempis, [331];
his view of immortality approaches the Christian, [5], [13] sqq.;
Pythagorean influences on, [515]
Sentinum, college of Mithra at, [593]
Serapis, his temple of healing at Canopus, [461];his origin, various theories of, [561] sq.;linked with Jupiter in the inscriptions, [562];lofty conception of, in Aristides, [572], [574];miracles in his temples, [573];a guide and judge of souls, [575];his boundless sway, [583]
his temple of healing at Canopus, [461];
his origin, various theories of, [561] sq.;
linked with Jupiter in the inscriptions, [562];
lofty conception of, in Aristides, [572], [574];
miracles in his temples, [573];
a guide and judge of souls, [575];
his boundless sway, [583]
Sidonius Apollinaris, imitation of Pliny’s Letters in, [162] sq.;refers to Sulpicia, [80];to Petronius, [121]
imitation of Pliny’s Letters in, [162] sq.;
refers to Sulpicia, [80];
to Petronius, [121]
Silius Italicus, Pliny’s estimate of, [164];career and tastes of, [165];a connoisseur, [177];suicide of, [184]
Pliny’s estimate of, [164];
career and tastes of, [165];
a connoisseur, [177];
suicide of, [184]
Slavery, moral and political effects of, according to Seneca, [12];courage of Octavia’s slave girls, [48];transition from slavery to freedom, [116] sq.;kindly feeling, [117], [257];manumission, how obtained, [118];growing peculium of trusted slaves, [118];tie between patron and freedman, [119];duties and generosity of patrons, [ib.];rise of the freedmen, [ib.];Pliny’s kindness to slaves, [181];harsh masters and their perils, [182];slave class dwindling, [252];slaves in the colleges, [281]
moral and political effects of, according to Seneca, [12];
courage of Octavia’s slave girls, [48];
transition from slavery to freedom, [116] sq.;
kindly feeling, [117], [257];
manumission, how obtained, [118];
growing peculium of trusted slaves, [118];
tie between patron and freedman, [119];
duties and generosity of patrons, [ib.];
rise of the freedmen, [ib.];
Pliny’s kindness to slaves, [181];
harsh masters and their perils, [182];
slave class dwindling, [252];
slaves in the colleges, [281]
Society, circuli, [13];gossip, [33];extravagant luxury, [66];respect for birth and manufacture of genealogies, [69], [70];poverty and mendicancy of great houses, [71], [72];wider interests among women [78];culture of Roman women from Cornelia to Serena, wife of Stilicho, [80];dangerous temptations of women’s life, [85] sq.;general poverty under the Empire, [94] sq.;mean trades more lucrative than cultivated professions, [95];society materialised, [ib.];contempt for poverty, [97];grossness of freedmen, [132] sqq.;a sounder class in the worst days, [143];wholesome force of Roman tradition, and country life, [144];old-fashioned retreats of virtue, [147];love of country life, [174];suicide, [183];wedded life of Calpurnia and Pliny, [188] sq.;new moral ideals in Seneca, Juvenal, and Pliny, [190];duties of wealth, [191];public spirit of the age, [193];rage for amusement, [234] sqq.;municipal gratitude and meanness, [245];need of association in clubs, etc., [256] sqq.;immense force of the movement, [266] sqq.;ennui and self-abandonment of upper class, [304], [319] sq.;need for popular evangelism, how the Cynics supplied it, [335], [360]
circuli, [13];
gossip, [33];
extravagant luxury, [66];
respect for birth and manufacture of genealogies, [69], [70];
poverty and mendicancy of great houses, [71], [72];
wider interests among women [78];
culture of Roman women from Cornelia to Serena, wife of Stilicho, [80];
dangerous temptations of women’s life, [85] sq.;
general poverty under the Empire, [94] sq.;
mean trades more lucrative than cultivated professions, [95];
society materialised, [ib.];
contempt for poverty, [97];
grossness of freedmen, [132] sqq.;
a sounder class in the worst days, [143];
wholesome force of Roman tradition, and country life, [144];
old-fashioned retreats of virtue, [147];
love of country life, [174];
suicide, [183];
wedded life of Calpurnia and Pliny, [188] sq.;
new moral ideals in Seneca, Juvenal, and Pliny, [190];
duties of wealth, [191];
public spirit of the age, [193];
rage for amusement, [234] sqq.;
municipal gratitude and meanness, [245];
need of association in clubs, etc., [256] sqq.;
immense force of the movement, [266] sqq.;
ennui and self-abandonment of upper class, [304], [319] sq.;
need for popular evangelism, how the Cynics supplied it, [335], [360]
Socrates, theories of his daemon, [438]
Sophists, the, influence of, [4];frivolous subjects and showy style of, condemned by philosophers, [344];Plutarch’s opinion of, [413]
influence of, [4];
frivolous subjects and showy style of, condemned by philosophers, [344];
Plutarch’s opinion of, [413]
Sotion, trains Seneca in Pythagorean asceticism, [296]
Spain, growth of towns in, [200];journey of Icelus in, to reach Galba, [206];little affected by Mithraism, [597];worship of Isis in, [567]
growth of towns in, [200];
journey of Icelus in, to reach Galba, [206];
little affected by Mithraism, [597];
worship of Isis in, [567]
Spectacles, the, Senators descend into the arena, [73];women present at, mingling with men at the Circus, [86];obscenities of the theatre, [ib.];number of days in the year given to, [234];scene in Flavian Amphitheatre, [235]
Senators descend into the arena, [73];
women present at, mingling with men at the Circus, [86];
obscenities of the theatre, [ib.];
number of days in the year given to, [234];
scene in Flavian Amphitheatre, [235]
Spurinna, Vestricius, a verse writer, [166];his orderly life a type, [175]
a verse writer, [166];
his orderly life a type, [175]
Statius, his sketches of the great imperial freedmen, [109] sqq.;of the villas of [pg 638]Manlius Vopiscus, and Pollius Felix, [176];reference to Mithra in the Thebaid, [589] sq.
his sketches of the great imperial freedmen, [109] sqq.;
of the villas of [pg 638]Manlius Vopiscus, and Pollius Felix, [176];
reference to Mithra in the Thebaid, [589] sq.
Stoicism, the God of, [307];gospel of, in Seneca, [309] sq.;freedom and necessity, [311];weakness of its moral theory, [313];instantaneous conversion, [ib.];no intermediate states of character, [ib.];modifications of, [314];relation to Cynicism, [323], [359];competing tendencies in, [324];the two cities, Zeno on civic duty, [325];the brotherhood of man, [328];the religion of Stoicism breaks down, [391], [512];later Stoic mysticism, [392];influence of Panaetius, [408], [530];its theory of human nature assailed by Plutarch, [410] sq.;older Stoic belief in a limited immortality, [500];ideal of life in M. Aurelius, [509];Stoic attitude to augury, etc., [530]
the God of, [307];
gospel of, in Seneca, [309] sq.;
freedom and necessity, [311];
weakness of its moral theory, [313];
instantaneous conversion, [ib.];
no intermediate states of character, [ib.];
modifications of, [314];
relation to Cynicism, [323], [359];
competing tendencies in, [324];
the two cities, Zeno on civic duty, [325];
the brotherhood of man, [328];
the religion of Stoicism breaks down, [391], [512];
later Stoic mysticism, [392];
influence of Panaetius, [408], [530];
its theory of human nature assailed by Plutarch, [410] sq.;
older Stoic belief in a limited immortality, [500];
ideal of life in M. Aurelius, [509];
Stoic attitude to augury, etc., [530]
Strabo, on oracles and augury, [471];on the temple of Serapis at Canopus, [461]
on oracles and augury, [471];
on the temple of Serapis at Canopus, [461]
Suetonius, career of, [168];Pliny’s friendship for, [ib.];a dilatory author, [168];superstition of, [452], [535];secretary of Hadrian, [169]
career of, [168];
Pliny’s friendship for, [ib.];
a dilatory author, [168];
superstition of, [452], [535];
secretary of Hadrian, [169]
Suffetes, title of, preserved in Africa under the Empire, [203]
Suicide, Pliny’s view of, [183];suicide of Euphrates, [356];Stoic view of, [356];suicide of Peregrinus, [357];of Silius Italicus, [184];of Corellius Rufus, [184];Hadrian’s wish for, [356];a suicide on Lake Como, [184]
Pliny’s view of, [183];
suicide of Euphrates, [356];
Stoic view of, [356];
suicide of Peregrinus, [357];
of Silius Italicus, [184];
of Corellius Rufus, [184];
Hadrian’s wish for, [356];
a suicide on Lake Como, [184]
Sulla, recognises the Isiac cult in 80 B.C., [565]
Sulpicia, verses of, mentioned by Martial and Sidonius, [80]
Sun worship, the highest form of nature-worship, [585] sq.;Aurelian’s temple, [586];Mithra identified with the Sun at Babylon, [587];influence of, in fostering theocratic ideas in the Empire, [617] sq.
the highest form of nature-worship, [585] sq.;
Aurelian’s temple, [586];
Mithra identified with the Sun at Babylon, [587];
influence of, in fostering theocratic ideas in the Empire, [617] sq.
Superstition, tales of, at Trimalchio’s table, [131], [136];of Regulus, [156];of Suetonius and Pliny, [168];various conceptions of, [443];Plutarch on, [443] sq.;astrology, [446] sqq.;superstition of the Emperors, [447] sqq.;of the great writers of the age, [451] sqq.;its connection with medicine in the temples, [459];dream oracles, [461];Aristides has visits from the gods, [466];superstition of Rutilianus and the Roman nobles in the reign of M. Aurelius, [475];rampant in Paphlagonia, [476] sq.;cult of Genii, [479];universal belief in miracles, [482];apparitions in the Philopseudes of Lucian, [490];encouraged by Mithraism, [602]
tales of, at Trimalchio’s table, [131], [136];
of Regulus, [156];
of Suetonius and Pliny, [168];
various conceptions of, [443];
Plutarch on, [443] sq.;
astrology, [446] sqq.;
superstition of the Emperors, [447] sqq.;
of the great writers of the age, [451] sqq.;
its connection with medicine in the temples, [459];
dream oracles, [461];
Aristides has visits from the gods, [466];
superstition of Rutilianus and the Roman nobles in the reign of M. Aurelius, [475];
rampant in Paphlagonia, [476] sq.;
cult of Genii, [479];
universal belief in miracles, [482];
apparitions in the Philopseudes of Lucian, [490];
encouraged by Mithraism, [602]
Symmachus, religious conservatism of, [546];Letters of, [161]
religious conservatism of, [546];
Letters of, [161]
Syncretism, in Aristides, [388];in Apuleius, [ib.];in Plutarch, [424];of the oriental worships, [558];in the worship of Isis, [581];and of Serapis, [583];Mithraism the greatest effort of, [585], [592];at Babylon, [587];in Asia Minor, [588]
in Aristides, [388];
in Apuleius, [ib.];
in Plutarch, [424];
of the oriental worships, [558];
in the worship of Isis, [581];
and of Serapis, [583];
Mithraism the greatest effort of, [585], [592];
at Babylon, [587];
in Asia Minor, [588]
Tacitus, his attitude to the tyranny of the early Caesars, [21];early history and experience of, [22];various views of, [23];the key to his tone as a historian, [24];a moralist, rather than a politician, [25], [26];views of the future, [26], [27];belief in birth and traditions, [28];early training, and ideal of family life, [28], [29];admiration for Agricola, [29];his experience had affected his ideas of human nature and of the Divine government, [30];gloomy view of the time, [46];wavering attitude to superstition, [453], [535];faint hope of immortality, [502];account of Serapis, [562]
his attitude to the tyranny of the early Caesars, [21];
early history and experience of, [22];
various views of, [23];
the key to his tone as a historian, [24];
a moralist, rather than a politician, [25], [26];
views of the future, [26], [27];
belief in birth and traditions, [28];
early training, and ideal of family life, [28], [29];
admiration for Agricola, [29];
his experience had affected his ideas of human nature and of the Divine government, [30];
gloomy view of the time, [46];
wavering attitude to superstition, [453], [535];
faint hope of immortality, [502];
account of Serapis, [562]
Tarsus, D. Chrysostom on its vices, [370]
Taurobolium, the, enthralling power of, [547];first glimpse of, [549];offered for Ant. Pius in 160, [ib.];suspected by the Fathers, [555];history of, [556];Anaitis and Artemis Tauropolus, [ib.];question whether it became part of the worship of Mithra, [ib.], [609];its ceremonial and cost, [557] sq.;its meaning and effects, [609]
enthralling power of, [547];
first glimpse of, [549];
offered for Ant. Pius in 160, [ib.];
suspected by the Fathers, [555];
history of, [556];
Anaitis and Artemis Tauropolus, [ib.];
question whether it became part of the worship of Mithra, [ib.], [609];
its ceremonial and cost, [557] sq.;
its meaning and effects, [609]
Tertullian, his tale of a priest of Cybele, [549];on the taurobolium, [555];holds up priests of Isis as an example, [582];his view of the sacraments of Mithra, [613]
his tale of a priest of Cybele, [549];
on the taurobolium, [555];
holds up priests of Isis as an example, [582];
his view of the sacraments of Mithra, [613]
Theagenes, pupil of Peregrinus, [354];lectures in Rome, [ib.]
pupil of Peregrinus, [354];
lectures in Rome, [ib.]
Theatre, the, a great corruptor, [86]
Thespesius of Soli, his vision of the unseen world, [524]
Thrasea, his character, compared with Paetus and Helvidius Priscus, [152]
Thrasyllus, an astrologer of Tiberius, [448]
Tiberius, conservatism of, in religion, [536];little sympathy with Hellenism, [88];cost of his gladiators, [241];belief in astrology, [448];tried the lottery at Padua, [472];persecutes the eastern cults, [566];treatment of descendants of Hortensius, [71];his mot on birth, [70]
conservatism of, in religion, [536];
little sympathy with Hellenism, [88];
cost of his gladiators, [241];
belief in astrology, [448];
tried the lottery at Padua, [472];
persecutes the eastern cults, [566];
treatment of descendants of Hortensius, [71];
his mot on birth, [70]
Timarchus, his visit to the other world, [526] sq.
Titinius Capito, writes a history of the victims of the Terror, [167]
Titus, his love of the East and superstition, [449];visit to shrine of the Paphian Venus, [472]
his love of the East and superstition, [449];
visit to shrine of the Paphian Venus, [472]
Trade, great fair at Cremona, [264];[pg 639]wandering traders, their colleges, [ib.];immense development of, [253], [265];Juvenal’s contempt for, [98];encouragement of, by Claudius, [264]
great fair at Cremona, [264];
[pg 639]wandering traders, their colleges, [ib.];
immense development of, [253], [265];
Juvenal’s contempt for, [98];
encouragement of, by Claudius, [264]
Trajan, provision of, for poor children, [192];his friendship with Dion Chrysostom, [369] sq.;vows of the Arval Brotherhood for, [542];Pliny’s Panegyric on, [43]
provision of, for poor children, [192];
his friendship with Dion Chrysostom, [369] sq.;
vows of the Arval Brotherhood for, [542];
Pliny’s Panegyric on, [43]
Travel, became general, [205];example of Hadrian, [ib.];easy and luxurious, [ib.];facilities of posting, [206];speed of, by land and sea, [206];passion for change of scene, [330] sqq.;travels of Aristides, [464];of Dion Chrysostom, [368]
became general, [205];
example of Hadrian, [ib.];
easy and luxurious, [ib.];
facilities of posting, [206];
speed of, by land and sea, [206];
passion for change of scene, [330] sqq.;
travels of Aristides, [464];
of Dion Chrysostom, [368]
Trimalchio, the, of Petronius, sketches his own career, [129];his estates, [ib.];description of, [ib.];surprises of his dinner, [130];his libraries and his ignorance, [131];treatment of his wife, [137];gives an order for his monument, [136]
sketches his own career, [129];
his estates, [ib.];
description of, [ib.];
surprises of his dinner, [130];
his libraries and his ignorance, [131];
treatment of his wife, [137];
gives an order for his monument, [136]
Trophonius, the oracle of, [461]
Ummidia Quadratilla, character in Pliny’s Letters, [185];builds a temple and amphitheatre for Casinum, [224]
character in Pliny’s Letters, [185];
builds a temple and amphitheatre for Casinum, [224]