Bacteriology, etc.
In Adelie Land, McLean carried out many months of steady work in
Bacteriology, Haematology and Physiology.

Tides
Self-recording instruments were run at Macquarie Island by Ainsworth
and at Adelie Land by Bage.

Wireless and Auroral Observations
A very close watch was kept upon auroral phenomena with interesting
results, especially in their relation to the "permeability" of the
ether to wireless waves.

Geographical Results
1. The successful navigation by the 'Aurora' of the Antarctic pack
ice in a fresh sphere of action, where the conditions were practically
unknown, resulting in the discovery of new lands and islands.
2. Journeys were made over the sea-ice and on the coastal and upland
plateau in regions hitherto unsurveyed. At the Main Base (Adelie
Land) the journeys aggregated two thousand four hundred miles, and at
the Western Base (Queen Mary Land) the aggregate was eight hundred
miles. These figures do not include depot journeys, the journeys of
supporting parties, or the many miles of relay work. The land was
mapped in through 33 degrees of longitude, 27 degrees of which were
covered by sledging parties.
3. The employment of wireless telegraphy in the fixation of a
fundamental meridian in Adelie Land.
4. The mapping of Macquarie Island.

[TEXT ILLUSTRATIONS]
A Section of the Antarctic Plateau from the Coast to a Point Three
Hundred Miles Inland, along the Route followed by the Southern
Sledging Party (Adelie Land)
A Section across the Antarctic Continent through the South Magnetic
Pole from the D'Urville Sea to the Ross Sea; Compiled from Observations
made by the British Antarctic Expedition (1907-1909) and by the
Australian Antarctic Expedition (1911-1914)

Oceanography
1. By soundings the fringe of the Antarctic Continent as well as the
Continental Shelf has been indicated through 55 degrees of longitude.
2. The configuration of the floor of the ocean southward of Australia
and between Macquarie Island and the Auckland Islands has been broadly
ascertained.
3. Much has been done in the matter of sea-water temperatures and
salinities.

[TEXT ILLUSTRATIONS]
A Section of the Floor of the Southern Ocean between Tasmania
and King George V Land
A Section of the Floor of the Southern Ocean between Western
Australia and Queen Mary Land

APPENDIX Ill
An Historical Summary**

** For this compilation reference has been largely made to Dr. H. R.
Mill's "The Siege of the South Pole." Several doubtful voyages
during the early part of the nineteenth century have been omitted.
1775. James Cook circumnavigated the Globe in high southern
latitudes, discovering the sub-antarctic island of South Georgia.
He was the first to cross the Antarctic Circle.
1819. William Smith, the master of a merchant vessel trading between
Montevideo and Valparaiso, discovered the South Shetland Islands.
1819. Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, despatched in command of an
Expedition by the Emperor, Alexander I of Russia, with instructions
to supplement the voyage of Captain Cook, circumnavigated the
Antarctic continent in high southern latitudes. The first discovery
of land south of the Antarctic Circle was made, namely, Peter I Island
and Alexander I Land (also an island), in the American Quadrant of
Antarctica.
1820. Nathaniel Palmer, master of an American sealing-vessel, sighted
new land to the south of the South Shetland Islands. It seems clear
that he was the first to view what is now known as the Palmer
Archipelago (1820-21).
1823. James Weddell, a British sealer, sailing southward of the
Atlantic Ocean, reached 74 degrees 15' south latitude in the American
Quadrant, establishing a "farthest south" record.
1830. John Biscoe, a whaling master of the British firm of Enderby
Brothers, sailed on a voyage circumnavigating the Antarctic Regions.
Enderby Land was discovered south of the West Indian Ocean in the
African Quadrant of Antarctica. This was apparently a part of the
Antarctic continent. New land was also met with to the south of
America and charted as Graham's Land, Biscoe Island and Adelaide
Island.
Kemp, a sailing master of Enderby Brothers, extended Biscoe's
discoveries shortly after by the report of land east of, and
adjacent to, Enderby Land.
Neither of these discoveries has yet been proved, though Enderby Land
(Biscoe) undoubtedly exists.
1839. John Balleny, another of Enderby's whaling captains, discovered
the Balleny Islands within the Antarctic Circle, in the Australian
Quadrant of Antarctica, and gave a vague description of an appearance
of land to the westward. This has been charted on maps, without
adequate evidence, as Sabrina Land.

[TEXT ILLUSTRATION]
Antarctic Land Discoveries Preceding 1838
Note. This and the two following maps of the series illustrate land
discoveries only. In cases where the existence of land once reported
has since been disproved no record at all is shown