Страница - 110 Страница - 112 Badging the poor, act for, [51] . Ballinasloe union agricultural society, notice of, [269] . Barracks to be converted into workhouses, if suitable, [237] , [239] . Bastardy, recommendation that no law should be enacted for Ireland, [183] . Bay and coast fisheries in Ireland, facilities for, [89] . Beadles and constables authorized to seize beggars and vagabonds in Cork, and commit them to the workhouse, [43] . Becket’s murder, notice of, [4] . Bedford Level Corporation, a board on the principle of recommended, to carry into effect a system of national improvement in Ireland, [137] . Beggars, act for the punishment of, [22] . Beggar’s curse, superstitious dread of the Irish peasantry of, [206] . Begging, not to be prohibited, where persons have asked for, and failed in procuring, relief, [193] . Belfast, assistant-commissioners sent to, [234] , [236] . Belgium, visit of the author to, [211] et seq. ;report of the management of the poor in, [213] . Bicheno, Mr., remarks of upon the evidence submitted by the Inquiry Commissioners, [151] . Bill, directions for the preparation of, embodying the measures proposed in the author’s first Report, [188] ;introduced to parliament in Feb. 1837, [189] ; discussion on the first reading of, [194] ; second reading of, and proceedings in committee on, [194] , [195] ; dropped in consequence of the death of William IV., [195] ; of the Irish Poor Law of 1837-8 introduced to the house of commons by Lord John Russell, [210] ; passing of, [211] ; introduced into the house of lords, [211] ; for the relief of the Irish poor read a first time in the house of lords, [217] ; a second time, [218] ; division upon in committee, [220] ; read a third time and passed, [221] . Board of Charitable Bequests, recommendation to transfer the functions of to the Poor Law Commissioners, [146] . ——- of Education, recommendation for the appointment of, [111] . ——- of Improvement, proposed duties of, [138] . —— of Works, proposed duties of, [138] , [139] . —— of Works, efforts of to supply employment to the poor during the distress in 1846, [314] ; Boards of guardians, enactment for the appointment of, [223] ;enactment constituting them corporations, [224] ; enactment giving the commissioners power to dissolve, [332] ; thirty-two dissolved in 1847, [341] ; five in 1849, [360] . Bogs, Irish, act for reclaiming, [75] . Boundaries of unions, where changed, the commissioners to adjust the liabilities, [368] . Boundary commission, appointment of to regulate the size of unions, [361] ;recommendation of, to form fifty new unions, [362] . Boyne, the battle of, [10] . Bread and cheese, contrast of the English labourer’s meal of, with the Irish labourer’s potato-bowl, [62] . Britain, strangers from, resort to the Irish schools, [2] . British Association, amount collected by to relieve the distress in Ireland occasioned by the potato disease, [321] ;number of persons relieved by in 1848, [346] . —— capitalists, inquiry into the circumstances which have prevented their investing in Irish agriculture, [123] . Building of workhouses, means taken to secure a fair payment for, [254] ;inspection of by the chief commissioner, [260] . Buildings and repairs of tenements, consequences of throwing the expense on the tenants, [89] . Bureau de Bienfaisance, notice of, [216] . Burgesses, recommendation of Spenser that they should be nominated, [9] . Burke, quotation from, [139] . ‘Burning corn in the straw,’ act against, [32] ; Cabinet, the author’s report on the state of the north of Ireland in 1837, considered by, [209] . Cabins, wretched construction of, in Ireland, [62] , [64] . Caledonian Canal, beneficial effects of employing Highland labourers on, cited, [107] . Capital, amount of, sunk upon the land in England, [60] ;causes of the scarcity of, in Ireland, [88] ; inducements required for the investment of, [208] . Carrick-on-Shannon, death of a poor man in the union of, from having been refused relief, [296] , [297] . Castlereagh union, board of guardians dissolved by the commissioners, [305] . Cattle, improvident care of, [32] ;reared in Donegal to pay the rent, [201] . Cemeteries, guardians empowered to provide, [332] . Census of Ireland in 1851, decrease of population shown by, [386] , [387] . Central authority, necessity for, in administering the poor-laws, [176] . Certificates to be given servants on leaving their employment, [41] . Certiorari, actions under the Irish Poor Law Act not removable by, except into the Court of Queen’s Bench, Dublin, [231] , [233] . Chapels for workhouses, guardians empowered to provide, [332] . Character and habits of Irish poor in English poorhouses, [158] . Charitable institutions, establishment of, [13] ;recommendation to allow them to subsist as they are, [185] . Charity, private, tendency of, to encourage mendicancy, [140] . Charles the First, the Roman catholics of Ireland adhere to his cause, [10] . Chief commissioner of the Irish Poor Law Board, enactment for the appointment of, in 1847, [333] . Children, punishment for the desertion of, [30] ;required age of, for admission into the Dublin Foundling Hospital, [85] , [86] ; indiscriminate admission of, [85 note ] ; enactment making them chargeable, if able, for the support of their parents, [227] ; number of, in the Dublin Foundling Hospital, [249] ; amount expended in feeding, [388] ; number of, in the workhouses in 1851, [390] . Cholera, appearance of, in 1849, [350] . Cholesbury, the case of, cited, [136] . Christian monasteries, state of, in Ireland at an early period, [2] . Church collections for the relief of distress, [106] . —— holidays, meat eaten by the poor only on, [132] . Churchwardens to remove from their parish, or to confine in bridewell, wandering beggars and vagabonds, [86] . Cities, towns, &c., of 10,000 inhabitants may be divided into wards for the purpose of electing guardians, [233] . Clare, distressed state of, [365] ; Clergy of various persuasions to furnish religious instruction to the children of their own faith, [112] ;favourable to a system of poor-laws, [167] . Clergymen to preach sermons for the support of houses of industry, [55] ;of whatever denomination not to be poor-law guardians, [175] . Clerks of workhouses to keep register books, [226] . Clothes of vagabond beggars to be washed and cleansed, [86] . Clothing of the labourers in Ireland, inferiority of, in Ireland, [63] . Coals imported into Cork, a duty imposed on, in 1735, for the support of the workhouse, [43] . Cod-fishery, facilities for, on the coasts of Ireland, [89] ;success of the encouragement of in Scotland, [ibid. ] , [90] . Corn, clamourings for a prohibition of the export of, in 1855, [17] . Collection of rates, no difficulty found in the, [277] . Colonization by Irish labourers, recommended to be undertaken by government in 1830, [107] . Comforts and conveniences, the providing of, not the proper object of a poor-law, [203] . Commission appointed in 1833 to inquire into the condition of the poorer classes in Ireland, [118] ;first Report of, in 1835, [ibid. ] et seq. ; heads of inquiry adopted, [119] ; second Report of, in 1836, [125] et seq. ; third Report of, in 1836, [131] et seq. Commissioners to inquire into the nature and extent of Irish bogs, appointment of, [75] ; —-—-— of 1833, names of, [118] . —-—-— of Inquiry, differences of opinion among, as to the nature of their Report, [129] . —-—-— to appoint guardians if not duly elected, [224] . —-—-— empowered to levy a rate-in-aid for the relief of distressed unions, [356] . —-—-— of valuation, commissioners empowered to appoint one, [393] . Commissions for the Poor Laws, difficulty of union of purpose if separate are appointed for England and Ireland, [188] . Committee of the house of commons on the poor in Ireland, Report of, [82] et seq. Compulsory and voluntary relief, agitation of the question as to the advantages and disadvantages of, [129] . —— rates, enormous amount asserted to be necessary for relieving all cases of distress, [149] . Con-acre, use to be derived from, in diminishing the number of small holdings, [166] . Condition of the poor, variations of in different parts of Ireland, [97] . Confinement more irksome to an Irishman than an Englishman, [171] . Connaught, the province of, probably an ecclesiastical formation, [3] ;unions, satisfactory state of, in 1851, [378] ; and Munster, state of, in 1851, [390] . Consolidation of farms, good and evil effects of, [97] ;of small holdings in Donegal, desirableness of, [202] ; new Poor Law likely to assist in effecting, [ibid. ] Constables to be appointed presidents of every town within the English pale, by an Act in 1465, [16] ;to make privy search for rogues, vagabonds, and idle persons, [29] . Contracts made by guardians not valid unless conformable to the rules, [230] . Contributions called voluntary frequently a real and unequal tax, [147] . Convicted persons, of felony fraud or perjury, ineligible for guardians, [293] . Cooked-food system of relief, adoption of, [318] ;number of persons fed under, [ibid. ] ; expense incurred under, [319] . Cork, surrendered to Cromwell, [10] ;act for erecting a workhouse in, [42] ; regulations for the government of, [43] ; exempted from the provisions of the act for providing for deserted children, [81] ; assistant-commissioners sent to, [234] , [236] ; union, establishment of, [251] ; progress of, [262] ; workhouse, inconvenient state of, in 1841, [262] . Corn-laws, alteration of, [311] . Corporate bodies, boards of guardians constituted, [224] . —— to vote for guardians by their officers, [230] . Corporations in Ireland, act for the establishment of, [52] ; Correspondence of assistant-commissioners with the Dublin board, [241] . Cosherers, act against, [34] . Cost of relief, increase of in 1847, [329] ; Cottages in Donegal, miserable appearance of, [201] . Cottier-tenants, deterioration of the soil by, [160] . Cottiers, Irish, extreme charity towards mendicants, [206] ; Counties made answerable for robberies, [39] . County-cess collectors may be appointed to collect the poor-rates, [228] . County hospitals, act for the establishment of, [74] . —— infirmaries, number of, number of patients in, and incomes of, in 1830, [101] . —— magistrates to be ex-officio guardians, but not to exceed in number one-third of the number of elected guardians, [174] . Coynie and liveries, grievances occasioned by, [23] . Cromwell, conquest of Ireland by, [10] . Crops, deficiency of, in Ireland, in 1839, [257] . Cultivated land in Great Britain and Ireland, comparative quantities and produce of, [131] . Cultivation of land, extension of needed in Donegal, [201] . Cumulative voting, answer to the objections against, [207] . Customs, barbarous, existing in Ireland in 1634-5, [33] . Dancing, universality of among the labouring poor in Ireland, [64] . Danes, irruptions of, into Ireland, [3] . Day-labourers, no employment for, in Ireland, [161] . Deaf dumb and blind poor, recommendation of a provision for, [128] ;to be sent to institutions, and their maintenance to be paid for by guardians, [292] . Deceased poor, boards of guardians enabled to provide for the burial of, [354] . Demoralization of the poor, fallacious objection that a system of poor-laws would occasion, [163] . Depôts for emigrants, the establishment of recommended, [137] . —— de mendicité, in Holland and Belgium, defects of, [213] . —— for meal, determination not to establish government, in 1846, [313] . Dermod, king of Leinster, expelled by O'Connor, king of Connaught, seeks the assistance of Henry the Second of England, [3] . Deserted children, provision for, [49] ;act for providing for, [81] . Deserving poor allowed to beg, [56] . Destitute persons, means of emigration to be provided for, [143] ;a legal provision for, an indispensable preliminary to the suppression of mendicancy, [167] ; danger of their flocking to one union in case of there being no law of settlement, how to be obviated, [181] ; Irish in England, strong disinclination of to the restrictions of a workhouse, [196] , [197] ; poor, work to be provided for in workhouses, [225] . Destitution, inquiry as to why the Irish labouring poor do not provide against, [122] ;the workhouse the all-sufficient test of, [152] . Deterioration and misery of a too-rapidly increasing population, [90] . Dietaries, workhouse, order for, [252] . Difficulties in deciding upon objects for out-door relief, [204] . Distress, unexampled, of the Irish labouring poor in 1822, [91] ;parliamentary grants in aid of, [ibid. ] ; amount of subscriptions to alleviate, [92] ; government advances to be made to relieve in 1822, [80] ; again occurs in Ireland owing to a failure of crops in 1839 and 1842, [256] , [285] ; amount of government relief afforded, ibid., note:f114# ; and again most severely in 1846 to 1849, [307] to 360. Distressed unions, number of assisted, [360] ;further advance to in 1853, [396] . Divisions on the Irish Poor Law bill in the house of commons, [210] ;in the house of lords, [220] . Divisional chargeability, dissatisfaction with, [297] . Diocesses of Ireland, a free school to be established in each of the, [25] . Discussion on the first reading of the Irish Poor Law bill in 1837, [194] . Dispensaries, local, act for the establishment of, [74] ;number of in 1830, and number of patients relieved by, [103] ; number of in 1836, [126] . Dispensary districts, enactment for dividing unions into, [383] . Donegal, peculiar condition of the county of, [200] . Doyle, Dr., evidence of on the condition of the poor in Ireland, [98] , [100] , [106] . Draining of bogs and marshes recommended as a means of providing employment for the labouring poor, [88] , [89] . Drogheda stormed by Cromwell, [10] . Drunkenness or disobedience in a workhouse, punishment for, [227] . Dublin, assistant-commissioner stationed at, [234] . Dublin Foundling Hospital, account of, [85] ;objects of, [ibid. ] ; means of support of, [ibid. ] ; parliamentary grants to, [86] ; number of admissions of children to, [ibid. ] ; state of in 1839, [248] ; formed into a workhouse, [250] . —— House of Industry, account of, [83] ; —— Mendicity Society, difficulty of supporting, [165] ;application of the officers of, for compensation, [253] ; closing of, [261] . —— Society, grant of money to, [73] . —— workhouse, act for erecting in 1703, [35] ;regulations for the government of, [36] ; rate to be levied for the support of, [37] ; merged in the Foundling Hospital, [38] ; workhouses, establishment of, [250] ; progress of, [261] . —— unions, examples afforded by, of the efficacy of the workhouse test, [343] ; Dunmanway union, separate rating of electoral divisions abolished in, [305] . Dwellings, overcrowding of, productive of fevers, [78] . Earth-tillers, act of Henry VIII. for the protection of, [20] . Ebrington, Lord (now Earl Fortescue), exertions of, in favour of the establishment of the new Poor Law, [250] . Ecclesiastical promotion, directions for regulating, [21] . Education adopted as a means of extending the Reformation, [25] ;effects of, [26] ; of the poor in Ireland, generality of, [63] ; the necessity of not interfering with religious belief in, pointed out, [110] ; of workhouse children, arrangements for, [264] ; nature of, [391] . Egyptians, or feigned Egyptians, to be punished as vagabonds, [30] . Eighth Report of proceedings in 1846 under the New Poor Law Act in Ireland, [303] . Election districts for guardians, power of the Poor Law Commissioners to form, [175] . Election of guardians, the first proceedings under the new Poor Law Act, [242] ;amended order for, [302] . Electoral divisions, difficulties arising from having adopted, [288] ;number of in 1846, [304] ; two or more may be combined for the election of a guardian, [368] ; increase in the number of, [373] , [384] . Electors of guardians, who ought to be, [173] . Elizabeth, assimilation by of the ecclesiastical establishments in Ireland to those of England, [4] . Emigration, notice of, [65] ;recommended as a means of alleviating the state of the poor in Ireland, [100] ; recommendation of as a government measure in 1830, [106] ; recommended by the Commissioners of Inquiry as a means of relieving the distress in Ireland, [136] ; direct interposition in favour of, not recommended, [185] ; probability of its weakening the parent stock, [186] ; if necessary, to be promoted by the equal contributions of government and the district relieved, [186] ; rates for, how to be raised, [226] ; view of the Irish Poor Law Commission as to, [255] ; defects in the Irish Poor Relief Act for providing means for, [275] ; want of funds for promoting, [287] ; amount of, in 1846-7, [327] , [328] ; enactment giving guardians the power to assist, [331] ; amount expended by unions in 1849 for promoting, [370] ; numbers assisted in 1850, [373] ; total amount of from 1847 to 1850, [386] ; in 1851 and 1852, [ibid. ] ; amount expended on in 1855, [403, note ] . Emigrants from Ireland to Canada in 1846-7, sickness and expense caused by, [327, note ] ;mortality amongst, [328] . Employment, want of by the labouring poor, a cause of disease, [87] ;act for providing, [80] ; of pauper idiots in a workhouse recommended, [184] ; increase of, beyond the duties of a poor-law, [185] ; in workhouses, the nature of, [274] . England and Ireland, difference between as to provision for the poor, [13] . English adventurers in Ireland, conduct of, [4] . —— Poor Law Commission recommended to carry into effect a new Poor Law for Ireland, [187] , [188] . —— and Scottish provisions against vagrancy, similarity of the Irish legislation to, [56] . —— Poor Law, asserted unfitness of for Ireland, [133] . Escapes from houses of correction, to be followed by a fine on the governor, [29] . Evidence presented with the second Report of the Commissioners of Inquiry, value of, [124] . Excess of population in Donegal, [201] . Expenditure, probable amount of under a poor-law, would not exceed what is now given in mischievous alms, [164] ;for relief in 1841, [276] ; in 1842, [283] ; total, for the relief of the distress occasioned by the potato disease in Ireland, [320] . Ex-officio guardians, reasons for having, [208] ;to be elected in cases of vacancies, [293] ; extension of, but not to exceed the number of elected guardians, [331] ; guardians, non-resident justices may be appointed where a sufficient number are not resident, [368] . Expense, probable, of maintaining the Irish poor on the English poor-law system, [134] . —— of emigration, where necessary to be borne equally by the government and the district relieved, [186] . Expenses of the Cork and Dublin workhouses in 1840, [263] . Falsehood and fraud, parts of the profession of mendicancy, [161] . Families, punishment for the desertion of, [30] ;to be relieved as a whole, and not separately, [177] . Famine, annual occurrence of between the exhaustion of the old crop of potatoes and the ripening of the new, [166] ;cessation of in Ireland in 1847, [318] . Farming societies of Ireland, grant of money to, [73] . Farms, large, small number of, [160] . Fathers made answerable penally for the offences of their sons by an act in 1457, [15] . Fatherless poor children under eight years old, to be sent to the charter school nursery and to be apprenticed, [54] . Female foundlings, instructions for, [45] . Fermoy barrack, taken for a workhouse, [244, note ] . Fertility of Ireland and England, causes of difference in, [60] . Fetters gyves and whipping, punishments for rogues and vagabonds, [28] . Fever, dangerous prevalence of in Ireland, [86] ;number of patients passing through the Dublin Fever Hospital in one year, [102] ; numbers suffering from and dying of in 1817, [102] ; act for making provision for persons afflicted with, [319] . —— hospitals, act for providing and for the support of, [77] ;number of in 1836, [126] ; dispensaries, &c., commissioners to report on the management of, [226] . Fever patients, numbers of, in 1847, [339] . —— wards in workhouses, number of provided in 1846, [306] . Fevers in Ireland, increase of, [77] . Fifth Report of Proceedings in Ireland under the new Poor Law Act, [282] . Fifth Annual Report of the Poor Law Commissioners for Ireland, [378] et seq. Finances of unions, depressed state of in 1847, [339] , [340] ; First Report of Proceedings in Ireland under the New Poor Law Act, [242] . First Report of Medical Charity Commissioners, [384] . First Report of the Irish Poor Commissioners, 1848, [330] et seq. Fiscal boards, proposed establishment of in each county, [139] . Fisheries, recommendation to encourage by legislative grants, [88] ;utility of as a nursery for seamen, [89] . Flax, grown, prepared, and spun by the small farmers in the north of Ireland, [63] . Flax and hemp, bogs to be reclaimed for the purpose of growing, for the use of the navy, and for the support of the linen manufacture, [75] . Flitting, practice of, to defraud the revenue and the landlords, [33] . Food of Belgian peasantry, [215] . Forfeitures, costs, &c., to be levied by distress if not paid, [231] . Form of valuation, difficulties arising from, [289] . Fortune-tellers to be punished as vagabonds, [30] . Foundling hospital and workhouse in Dublin, act for the establishment of in 1771-2, [46] ;endowment of and regulations for the government of, [ibid. ] ; regulations for the admission of children into, [47] ; increased rate for, [49] ; to receive deserted children, [81] ; charge for in 1833, [128] . Foundling hospitals on the continent, notice of, [45] . —-—-—, enactment for appropriating as workhouses, [225] . —-—-— of Cork and Galway, expenses of in 1833, [128] ; Foundlings, provision for the care of, [44] ;male, to be apprenticed, and to have the freedom of the city on the expiration of their apprenticeship, [ibid. ] Fourth Report in 1842 of Proceedings under the new Poor Law in Ireland, [270] . Fourth Annual Report of the Poor Law Commissioners for Ireland, [371] . France, the workhouse test principle not adopted in, [197] . Free distribution of labour, impediments offered by a law of settlement to, [202] . Free-schools, act for the erection of, [24] ;expenses of, how to be defrayed, [25] . French wars prevent the attention of the English to Ireland, [4] ;agents lead to the rebellion in 1798, [11] ; troops landed in Ireland in 1798, surrender of, [67] . Funds, founded on voluntary contribution, advantages of for the relief of distress, [149] ;difficulty of supplying to afford means of emigrating, [287] . Galway, effective fever hospital established in, [300] . Gauls or Celtes, from Spain supposed to have peopled Ireland, [1] . Geese, plucking the feathers from live, [32, note ] . General rules for management of workhouses, &c., to be issued by commissioners, [222] . General Merchant Seamen’s Act, extended to workhouse boys in Ireland, [385] . Gentlemen, idle, mode of living, oppressions occasioned thereby, and transportation made a punishment for, on the presentment of a grand jury, [34] , [35] . Germany, strangers from, resort to the Irish schools, [2] . Ghent, manner of living of a small occupier near, [216] . Goods and chattels to be liable to distress for poor-rate to whomsoever belonging, if found on the premises, [291] . Governors to be appointed by the justices for houses of correction, [28] . —— and guardians of Dublin workhouse, donors of 50l. to become, [37] . —— of Cork and Dublin workhouses empowered to exchange children in order to prevent parents interfering with the protestant education of their children, [45] . Government loans to be made to relieve the distress in Ireland in 1822, [80] ;for the erection of workhouses, mode of managing, [272] ; amount of, [273] . —— interference with labour, though not generally advisable, recommended for Ireland, [95] . —— supervision of schools supported wholly or partly at the public expense, necessity for, [111] . —— relief afforded to the west of Ireland, during the distress in 1839, [256] ;afforded to alleviate the distress in 1842, [285, note ] . —— measures to alleviate the distress occasioned by the potato-disease, [307] . Grain, act against the exportation of, 1472, [16] ;erroneous policy of, [16] , [17] ; exportation of from Ireland during the distress of 1823, [92] . —— crops, deficiency of in 1841, [281] . Grand juries empowered to assess rates for erecting and supporting county hospitals and dispensaries, [74] ;to present sums for the support of fever hospitals, [78] ; and for lunatic asylums, [79] . Grants to distressed unions, amount of in 1848, [347] , [348] . Gratuitous relief, an encouragement to pauperism and indolence, [93] . Greek church, probability of the Irish church being derived from, [2] . Guardians, boards of, recommended by the Commissioners of Inquiry, [141] ;who should be electors of, [173] ; clergymen of whatever description not to be chosen, [175] ; and paid officers of unions not to furnish supplies for the union under a penalty, [230] ; directions as to the number of and qualifications for, [238] ; number of elections contested and not contested, [267] ; may employ rates in apprehending or prosecuting offenders against the Poor Law Act, [292] ; or may employ the rates in assisting emigration, [293] ; warning of the commissioners to, against overcrowding the workhouses, [325] ; commissioners empowered to fix different amounts of qualification in different electoral divisions, [368] . Habitations of the poor, wretched condition of, [132] . Hackney coaches licensed for the support of Dublin workhouse, [37] ;licensed for the support of the Dublin Foundling Hospital, [48] ; number increased for, [49] . Hair, act against the Irish fashion of wearing, [20] . Hamburgh, the workhouse-test principle not adopted in, [197] . ‘Handbook of Architecture,’ notices of, [2, note ] . Harbours, the formation of recommended, [95] . Harrowing by the tail, practice of, [60] . Harvest in Great Britain, Irish labourers seek employment at, [132] ;beneficial effects of a good, in 1847, [340] . Hedge-schools, notice of, [63] . Helpless children, act for the apprenticing of, [41] ;remedy for in cases of ill usage, [42] . —— poor to be maintained, [56] . Henry the Second, submission of Ireland to, in 1172, [1] , [3] . Henry the Seventh, exertions of to restore order in Ireland, [4] . Henry the Eighth assumes the title of king of Ireland, [4] . ‘History of the English Poor Laws,’ cited, [5] , [21] , [23] , [31] , [38] , [42] , [118] , [241] , [306] , [327] , [328] . Holland, visit of the author to, [211] et seq. ;report of the management of the poor in, [212] . Holy Scriptures, objections of the Roman catholics to the indiscriminate reading by their children, [114] . Hood, act against wearing the Irish, [20] . Hospitals for the poor to be provided, [53] ; House of lords, bill for the relief of the Irish poor read a first time in, in 1838, [217] ;read a second time, [218] ; division in committee upon, [220] ; read a third time and passed, [221] . Houses to be cleansed and purified, [78] . —— of the peasant farmer in Belgium, contrast of with those of Ireland, [215] . —— of correction to be built or provided in every county, 1634-5, [28] . —— of industry to be provided, [53] ;imperfect provision of, [82] ; number of in 1830, [105] ; ineffectiveness of while combining the functions of hospitals and prisons, [ibid. ] ; number of and total income of, in 1833, [127] ; number of inmates in, [ibid. ] ; to be made available as workhouses, recommended, [186] ; enactment for using as workhouses, [225] . Husbandmen and labourers, act in 1447 for preventing the sons of, from changing their profession, [15] . Husbands, enactment for making them chargeable for the support of their wives and children, [227] ;deserting their wives and families, enactment for the punishment of with imprisonment, [333] . Idiots and insane persons, wards not provided for, [83] . Idle persons, to be brought to be justified in law, [23] . Illegitimate children to be dependent on their mother, recommendation of, [183] . Immigration of Irish poor into England, necessity occasioned by of improving their state in their own country, [153] . Immigrants to England during 1846-7, expense and sickness caused by, [326] , [327] . Impatience of the public for the Report of the Commissioners of Inquiry, [124] . Impediments to emigration, propriety of removing, [185] . Implements, agricultural, rude nature of, [95] . Impositions practised under the Temporary Relief Act, [345] . Imprisonment a punishment for begging without a licence, [53] . Improved circumstances of the country in 1851, [378] . Incapacitated persons empowered to convey land, &c. for workhouses, [225] . Incorporations, formation of to provide and maintain fever hospitals, [77] . Incumbrances on estates of proprietors a cause of distress and want of employment, [94] ;on Irish landed property, great extent of, [145] . Incumbrancers on Irish estates, recommendation that they should be rated for the support of the poor, [140] . Indian corn, importation of to mitigate the distress occasioned by the potato disease, [307] ; —— meal, daily amount supplied to each person, [346] . Indirect means adopted for charging property for the relief of destitution, [51] . Indolence of Irish peasantry, [162] . Industrial schools, enactment enabling additional land to be provided for, [354] . —— training of children in workhouses, nature of, [391] . Industry, what branches of may be safely encouraged by legislative means, [88] . Infants, poor, deserted by their parents, provision for, [49] . Infectious fevers in Ireland, increase of, [77] . Infirmaries and hospitals, act for the management of, [74] ;required to make annual returns, [75] . —— number of, in 1836, government grants to, and constitution of, [125] . Inmates of workhouses, not to be compelled to attend religious services not of their own creed, [226] ;number of, in the Cork and Dublin workhouses in 1841, [263] ; number of in, on January 1, 1841, 1842, and 1843, [283] ; in 1844, [299] ; in 1845-6, [303] ; in 1848, [322] ; in 1847, [345] ; in March 1848, [346] ; in September 1848, [363] ; in March 1849, [351] ; in June 1849, [365] ; in 1848-9, [366] ; in September 1849, [371] ; in March 1850, [366] ; in September 1850, [371] ; in September 1850, [376] ; in September 1851, [387] ; in September 1852, [394] ; in 1853, [ibid. ] ; in 1854, [402] . Inspection of workhouses by the author, [284] . —— of rate-book, how and to whom allowed, [292] . Inspectors, medical, commissioners empowered to appoint, [362] ;enactment empowering them to visit and examine dispensaries, to examine witnesses upon oath, and to execute the powers of the Nuisances Removal and Diseases Prevention Acts, [383] . Institutions supported by voluntary charity, notice of, [105] ;established for the relief of the poor, Report of the inquiry commissioner on, in 1836, [125] ; total amount of charge for in 1833, [128] . Instructions, letter of, from Lord John Russell to the author, relative to his investigation of the state of Ireland, [157] . Investigation, unsuccessful, as to the cause of the potato disease, [308] . Ireland, supposed to have been peopled from Spain, [1] ;not attacked by the barbarians who dismembered the Roman empire, [2] ; ancient division of, into four provinces, [3] ; how differing from England and Scotland in making no provision for the poor, [13] ; state of, in 1776-78, [59] et seq. ; various opinions as to, [61] ; the real improvement of, must spring from herself, [151] ; distress of, in 1839, through an unfavourable season and deficiency of crops, [257] ; extreme distress of, 1846 to 1849, [307] to 360; population of, in 1821, 1831, 1841, and 1851, [387] . Ireton, completion of the conquest of Ireland by, [10] . Irish, supposed to have occupied great part of Britain, [1] ;known by the name of Scots, [2] ; description of by Spenser, [6] et seq. ; character, summary of, by Arthur Young, [64] ; parliament, acts of, [13] et seq. ; bogs, act for the reclaiming of, [75] ; peers, alarm of at the supposed extent of the poor-rate, [217] ; government, applications to, for relief, and schemes and suggestions for relieving the distress in 1839, [257] . ‘Irish Crisis,’ by Sir Charles Trevelyan, notice of, [256, note ] ; [285, note ] ; [307] , [311] , [314] , [319] , [320] , [328] . Irish Poor-Law Commission, re-formation of, [338] . —— Poor-Law board delegated to assistant-commissioners, [284] ;establishment of, [330] , [333] ; powers of the previous commissioners transferred to, [334] . Irishrie, five of the best, to bring all idle persons of their surname to be justified by law, [23] . Irishry, feuds and disorders of the, [14] . Island Bridge barrack adapted for the reception of lunatics, [249] . James the First, insurrection of Ireland during the reign of, [9] . James the Second, the Roman catholics of Ireland adhere to the cause of, [10] . Joint-stock companies to vote for guardians by their officers, [230] . Judges of assize to impose rates on parishes refusing to provide for poor deserted infants, [50] . Justices of the peace to regulate wages, [21] ;empowered to decide disputes between masters and employers, and servants, artificers, and labourers, [40] ; enactment for their being ex-officio members of the boards of guardians, [223] ; time and mode of electing, [224] ; empowered to proceed on summons for recovery of penalties, [230] . Kay, Dr., visit of to Holland and Belgium, [211] ; Kearns and idle people, act relating to in 1310, [13] . Kildare Street Society, notice of, [113, note ] ;Mr. Stanley’s (Earl of Derby) remarks on, [114] et seq. King’s speech, in relation to Ireland, on opening parliament in 1836, [154] . Kinsale surrendered to Cromwell, [10] .