Woman; Her Position and Influence in Ancient Greece and Rome, and Among the Early Christians - Sir James Donaldson

Julia, daughter of Julius Cæsar, her tact, [120]
Julia, daughter of Augustus, her marriages, [131]
Julius Cæsar gives rewards for large families, [143]

Kissing, in the early Church, [173];
peculiar Roman custom, [233]
Kock, T., attacks Sappho, [207]
Koechly, H., on Thetis and Achilles, [199]
Kublinski, J., on Sappho, [208]

Lampito, her physical strength, [30]
Lasaulx on “nothoi” and “pallakis,” [195]
Laws. See [Lex].
Lawyers, women as, [125]
Leonidas opposes reform in Sparta, [36]
Lex:
Canuleia, [82];
Julia and Plautia, ib.;
Oppia, [99–103];
Voconia, [108];
Papia Poppæa, [142–5];
De maritandis ordinibus, [146], [251]
Livia, wife of Augustus, her share in politics, [123];
was she a poisoner? [131]
Livy on woman’s influence in politics, [123]
Love-making, among the Greeks, [205];
and the Romans, [230];
lovers’ terms of endearment, [232–6]
Lysias on Eubœans and intermarriage, [211]
Lysicles, his connexion with Aspasia, [63]

Mæsta of Sentinum pleads her own cause, [125]
Mahaffy, J. P., on the Cleopatras, [243]
Marcia dissolves her marriage with Cato, and remarries him, [110]
Marriage:
Greeks monogamists in Homer, [15];
happiness of married life, [16];
obligatory in Sparta for girls, [28];
and for men, [29];
restrictions on the citizen-woman in Athens, [51];
matches arranged by old women, [53];
the hetaira not allowed to marry, [57];
Athenian treaties of intermarriage, [68], [211];
intermarriage in Rome, [81];
effect of Caracalla’s action, [83];
status of the Roman wife, [105];
effect of wealth on marriage, [108], [115];
as a contract, [109];
curious dissolutions of marriage, [110];
consent the essence of Roman marriage, [114];
could be dissolved by husband or wife, [115];
Romans who married several times, [118];
Musonius’s defence of, [137];
regulated by Emperor Augustus, [138–43], [238];
rewards for large families, [144];
large families a disgrace, [147];
effect of marriage on slaves, [168];
two Christian views of marriage, [169];
marriage as a blessing, [175];
the ascetic view, [176–181];
second marriages condemned, [179];
children a burden, [180];
dowried and undowried wives in Plautus, [220];
effects of extravagance, [222];
philosophers on, [239];
between brother and sister in Egypt, [243];
equality of the Egyptian woman in marriage, [244];
typical contract, [245];
Bp. Callistus’s views condemned by Hippolytus, [249–54].
See [Adultery], [Concubines], [Divorce], and [Hetaira].
Maximus Tyrius on Sappho, [44]
Medicine, first Athenian woman to practise, [240]
Melantho’s insolence to Ulysses, [198]
Men washed by women, [199–202], [204]
Menander on Sappho, [209]
Messalina, her death, [132]
Metellus, Quintus, on duty of marriage, [140]
Methodius, his ‘Banquet of the Ten Virgins,’ [152];
on the blessedness of virginity, [178];
on virgin purity, [188]
Midwife, first Athenian, [240]
Monogamy universal among Greeks in Homer, [15]
Montanists, honours paid to women by, [164]
Morillot, L., on legitimate and illegitimate children, [196]
Müller, O., on Athenian intermarriage, [212];
on Athenian citizenship, [213]
Mure, Col. W., attacks Sappho, [207]
Musonius Rufus on the education of women, [135]

Nausicaa, her industry and accomplishments, [20];
washes Ulysses, [200]
Nothoi. See [Children].

Octavia, wife of Antony, her interest in affairs of State, [121]
Oppius, his legislation against women, [99–103]

Paganism, its code of morality in Rome, [128];
position of women under, [153];
priestesses in Greece, [163];
in Rome, [164];
its ideas of Christianity, [170];
priestess in Plautus, [227].
See [Religion].
Pallakis. See [Concubines].
Panteus, his wife’s devotion, [40]
Paris, P., on woman in Asia Minor, [237]
Paul, reasons of his sternness towards women, [149–50];
on the members of the Corinthian Church, [171]
Penelope, her love for Ulysses, [17]
Pericles, on Athenian women, [55];
and Aspasia, [60];
Wilamowitz on, [210];
and law of Athenian citizenship, [212]
Periktione on wife’s duty, [5]
Perpetua, story of her martyrdom, [156]
Phidias, Wilamowitz on, [210]
Philemon on women, [10]
Philosophy in Rome:
Epicureanism, [129];
Platonism, [130];
Stoicism, [133]
Phratria and citizenship, [69]
Phryne, influence of her beauty, [7], [71]
Platæa, treaty of intermarriage with Athens, [68]
Plato, on unfaithful husbands, [6];
on Spartan women, [33n.];
on Diotima, [59n.];
on Aspasia, [62];
his views on women, [73];
and the ‘Ecclesiazusæ’, [215]
Plautus, women in his plays:
as slaves, [217];
the citizen-wife, [218];
marriageable girls, [219];
dowried and undowried wives, [220];
woman’s extravagance, [221];
its effect on marriage, [222];
wives faithful, [223];
husbands and female slaves, [224];
exemplary wives, [225–6];
a notable priestess, [227];
character of the courtezan, [228], [231];
some exceptions, [229–230];
terms of endearment used by lovers, [232–6]
Pliny, the younger, praise of his wife, [121]
Plutarch, on Spartan women, [31n.];
on Aspasia, [60];
on girls wrestling naked, [203]
Poisoning by Roman wives, [89–92], [131]
Politics, Aspasia’s influence on, [65];
Athenian citizen-wives without political standing, [67];
influence of Roman matrons on, [99–104];
notable instances, [120–24]
Polycaste washes Telemachus, [199]
Polygamy: Priam’s wives, [192]
Porcia, wife of Brutus, her appeal for her husband’s confidence, [133]
Priam, his wives, [192];
and his “nothoi,” [194]

Religion, its effect on the condition of women in Greece and Rome, [93];
worship of the Idæan Mother in Rome, [94];
introduction of the Bacchanalia, [95];
and of Isis and other faiths, [97].
See [Christianity] and [Paganism].
Rohde, E., on love-making among the Greeks, [205]
Rome:
citizens, aliens, and slaves, [77], [79];
treatment of female slaves, [80];
patricians and plebeians, [81];
extension of the conubium, [82];
position of the Roman matron, [84];
religion in, [93];
worship of Bacchus introduced, [95];
its condition on the introduction of Christianity, [113];
pagan ideas of morality, [128];
Romans bound to marry, [138];
decrease of population, [141];
position of women in, [153];
honours paid to priestesses, [164].
See [Christianity].

Sappho, testimonies to her ability, [42];
her poetry, [43];
close friendship with her pupils, [45];
her attitude towards marriage, [46];
honoured by her contemporaries, [47];
ridiculed by Athenian comic writers, [48];
was she beautiful? [66];
modern writers on her character, [207];
Greek plays on her career, [209];
her portraits, [211]
Schneidewin, M., on men washed by women, [202]
Servilia, mother of Brutus, her influence in politics, [122]
Simonides of Amorgos on women, [9]
Slaves in Rome:
become citizens, [78];
treatment of female slaves, [80];
slaves as Christians, [167];
female slaves in Plautus, [217];
amours with, [224]
Sophocles, on Athenian wives, [53n.];
his relations with Theodota and Diotima, [59];
his grandson admitted to citizenship, [70]
Sparta, idea of the State in, [25];
training of women in, [26];
their gymnastic contests, [27];
marriage obligatory for girls, [28];
and for men, [29];
physical development of men and women, [29–30];
no adultery, [31];
effects of Spartan system of training, [33];
influence of women in, [34];
decay and efforts at reform, [35–41];
strangers not allowed to reside in, [56];
girls wrestling naked, [202]
Strabo on Sappho, [43]
Sulpicia, her Satire, [127]

Tacitus, his praise of his mother-in-law, [121]
Tarsus, character of its women, [150]
Telemachus washed by Polycaste, [199]
Terentia, wife of Cicero, her share in politics, [123]
Tertullian, on virgins and widows, [159];
forbids deaconesses to baptize, [162];
denounces women who speak in church, [165];
on marriage between Christians, [175];
on wives and wedlock, and second marriages, [179];
on children as burdens, [181];
on woman as a temptress, [182], [185];
on the fœtus and the soul, [189]
Thebans and Athenians, question of intermarriages, [68]
Theodota and Sophocles, [59]
Thessaly, land of the beautiful women, [22]
Thetis, her advice to Achilles, [198]
Tiberius, his mother’s plans for him, [131]