[287] བོད་ The last letter of the Tibetan word is not pronounced, but it modifies the phonetic value of the vowel sound. As regards the Chinese character 番 of which the phonetic value in modern Chinese is generally fan, we find several cases in which the sound is still bo or po. Mr Kingsmill mentions 鄱 p'o (as in the characters used for the P'o Yang Lake). The characters 嶓, 皤 and 播 are similar instances.

[288] སྟོད་ as opposed to སྨད་ (smad, pron. ma), meaning lower, inferior.

[289] Often transliterated Mantse, and spelt by Marco Polo Manji.

[290] Vol. ii. p. 617 (Legge's ed.).

[291] As in Shu Ching, vol. ii. p. 345.

[292] 荒服.

[293] Shu Ching vol. i. p. 147.

[294] Ibid. vol. i. pp. 42, 44.

[295] Mencius, p. 255 (Legge, 2nd. ed.).

[296] Mencius, pp. 253-254 (Legge).