ILLUSTRATIONS IN TEXT
| FIG. | page | |
|---|---|---|
| [1]. | Tile with the arms of King Henry III, c. 1255, from the chapter-house of Westminster abbey. (From a photograph byMr. David Weller) | 36 |
| [2]. | Shield of the arms of St. Edward, c. 1259, in the quire of Westminster abbey church. (From a photograph by Mr. DavidWeller) | 37 |
| [3]. | Heraldry on the gatehouse of Kirkham priory, Yorkshire, built between 1289 and 1296. (From a photograph by Mr. C.C. Hodges) | 38 |
| [4]. | Shield with curved bend or baston of Henry de Laci earl of Lincoln, c. 1259, in the quire of Westminster abbey church. (From a photograph by Mr. David Weller) | 44 |
| [5]. | Arms of Clopton, from a brass c. 1420 at Long Melford in Suffolk | 46 |
| [6]. | Heraldic candle-holder, etc. from the latten grate about the tomb of King Henry VII at Westminster. (From "Journalof the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. p. 238) | 55 |
| [7]. | Firedog with armorial bearings. (From a drawing by Mr. C.Prætorius, F.S.A.) | 56 |
| [8]. | Chimney-piece in Tattershall castle, Lincolnshire, built by Ralph lord Cromwell between 1433 and 1455. (From "Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects," 3rd S. vol. iv. 241) | 57 |
| [9]. | Paving tiles with arms and badges of the Beauchamps, from Tewkesbury abbey church. (From "The Ancestor," vol. ix.) | 58 |
| [10]. | Seal of Richard duke of Gloucester, as admiral of England in Dorset and Somerset (1462) | 59 |
| [11]. | Heraldic buckle from the effigy of Robert lord Hungerford (ob. 1459) in Salisbury cathedral church. (FromStothard's "Monumental Effigies") | 60 |
| [12]. | Heraldic buckle from the effigy of William lord Bardolf (ob. 1441) in Dennington church, Suffolk. (From Stothard's "Monumental Effigies") | 60 |
| [13]. | Enamelled shield with the arms of Ballard on the print of a mazer at All Souls college, Oxford, c. 1445. (From "Archæologia," vol. l. 151) | 61 |
| [14]. | Heraldic paving tiles from Tewkesbury abbey. (From "TheAncestor," vol. ix.) | 63 |
| [15]. | Shield with rounded corners (c. 1259) of Richard earl of Cornwall in the quire of Westminster abbey church. (From "Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 231) | 66 |
| [16]. | Shields of English work from the tomb of William earl of Pembroke, ob. 1296, in Westminster abbey church. (FromStothard's "Monumental Effigies") | 67 |
| [17]. | Seal of Hugh Bardolf showing shield with square corners. From the Barons' Letter. (From "Journal of the Societyof Arts," vol. xlv. 228) | 68 |
| [18]. | Seal and counterseal of Simon lord of Montagu, with shield supported by two bearded men and surmounted by the castle of Corfe, of which Simon became governor in 1298. From the Barons' Letter | 69 |
| [19]. | Shield of ornate form, from a brass at Stoke Poges, Bucks, 1476 | 70 |
| [20]. | Head of a doorway, now in Norwich Guildhall, with arms of King Henry VIII, the City of Norwich, and the Goldsmiths' Company. (From the Norwich volume of the ArchæologicalInstitute, p. 173) | 72 |
| [21]. | Shield with engrailed edges, c. 1520, from the chantry chapel of abbot Thomas Ramryge in St. Albans abbey church. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 210) | 73 |
| [22]. | Shields with ridged charges, from the monument of Guy lord Bryen, ob. 1390, in Tewkesbury abbey church. (FromStothard's "Monumental Effigies") | 74 |
| [23]. | Armorial panels from the George Inn at Glastonbury. (From aphotograph by Mr. T. W. Phillips) | 75 |
| [24]. | Shield with curved surface from an effigy of a Pembridge at Clehonger, Herefordshire. (From Stothard's "MonumentalEffigies") | 76 |
| [25]. | Shield from the seal of Henry Percy (from the Barons' Letter) with well-drawn lion | 77 |
| [26]. | Shield with a leaping lion, from a brass c. 1380 at Felbrigge in Norfolk | 78 |
| [27]. | Shield with an eagle from a brass at Great Tew, Oxon, c. 1410 | 79 |
| [28]. | Seal of Queen's College, Oxford, 1341, with well-filled shields. (From "Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 230) | 80 |
| [29]. | Shield with a griffin, from a brass of 1405, at Boughton-under-Blean, Kent | 81 |
| [30]. | Seal of Peter de Mauley IV (from the Barons' Letter) showing a simple well-balanced shield. (From "Journal of theSociety of Arts," vol. xlv. 234) | 82 |
| [31]. | Shield with a bend counter-flowered from the brass of Sir Thomas Bromfleet, 1430, at Wymington, Beds. | 82 |
| [32]. | Shield with three lions, from a brass at Stanford Dingley, Berks, 1444 | 83 |
| [33]. | Shield of the royal arms done in boiled leather, from the tomb of Edward prince of Wales at Canterbury, 1376. (Reduced from "Vetusta Monumenta," vol. vii.) | 84 |
| [34]. | Shield of the King of France, c. 1259, in the quire of Westminster abbey church. (From a photograph by Mr. DavidWeller) | 85 |
| [35] and [36]. | Shields with uncharged ordinaries: from the brass of bishop Robert Wyvil at Salisbury, 1375; and the brass of William Holyngbroke at New Romney in Kent, 1375 | 87 |
| [37]. | Shield with a charged bend from a brass at Kidderminster, 1415 | 88 |
| [38] and [39]. | Shields with engrailed borders, plain and charged: from the brass of William Grevel, 1401, at Chipping Campden in Gloucestershire; and the brass of Thomas Walysel, c. 1420, at Whitchurch, Oxon. | 90 |
| [40]. | Quartered shield of Queen Eleanor of Castile, from her tomb at Westminster, 1291. (From a photograph by Mr. DavidWeller) | 91 |
| [41]. | Arms of King Edward III from his tomb at Westminster. (From"Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 230) | 92 |
| [42]. | Shield with impaled quarters from the brass of Peter Halle, ob. 1420, at Herne in Kent | 93 |
| [43]. | Arms of St. Edward, from the tomb of Edmund duke of York, ob. 1402, at King's Langley. (From "The Ancestor," vol. ii.) | 94 |
| [44]. | Seal of Humphrey Stafford earl of Buckingham, Hereford, Stafford, Northampton, and Perche, as captain of Calais and lieutenant of the Marches, 1442 | 95 |
| [45]. | Shield of Sir Hugh Hastings from the Elsing brass (1347), with diapered maunch and a label of three pieces. (From"Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 231) | 100 |
| [46]. | Part of the gilt-latten effigy of Edward prince of Wales at Canterbury, showing labels over both the arms and the crest. (From "Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 232) | 102 |
| [47]. | Diapered shield of the arms of Vere, from an effigy in Hatfield Broadoak church, Essex. (From a photograph bythe Rev. T. W. Galpin) | 104 |
| [48]. | Diapered shield from the seal of Robert Waldby archbishop of York, 1390, for the Regality of Hexham. (From "Journalof the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 231) | 105 |
| [49]. | Diapered shield of the arms of Clun, from the monument of the lady Eleanor Percy (ob. 1337) in Beverley Minster. (From a photograph by Mr. C. Goulding) | 106 |
| [50]. | Diapered shield of the arms of Percy, from the monument of the lady Eleanor Percy (ob. 1337) in Beverley Minster. (From a photograph by Mr. C. Goulding) | 107 |
| [51]. | Lozenge of arms from the monument at Westminster of Frances Brandon duchess of Suffolk, ob. 1559. (From "Journal ofthe Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 229) | 110 |
| [52]. | Seal of Robert FitzPain, with arms in an oval. From the Barons' Letter | 112 |
| [53]. | Seal of Joan de Barre, wife of John de Warenne earl of Surrey, 1306. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 318) | 113 |
| [54]. | Seal of Mary de Seynt-Pol, wife of Aymer of Valence earl of Pembroke, 1322. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 319) | 116 |
| [55]. | Seal of Maud Badlesmere, wife of John de Vere earl of Oxford, 1336. (From "Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 228) | 118 |
| [56]. | Seal of Maud of Lancaster, wife of William of Burgh earl of Ulster, and of Sir Ralph Ufford, 1343-4. (From Boutell's"English Heraldry," No. 320) | 119 |
| [57]. | The Syon Cope, now in the Victoria and Albert Museum | 121 |
| [58]. | Seal of Thomas de Moulton, with fan-shaped crest on helm and horse's head. From the Barons' Letter | 124 |
| [59]. | Seal of Thomas earl of Lancaster, Leicester, and Ferrers, showing wiver crest on his helm and horse's head. From the Barons' Letter | 126 |
| [60]. | Seal of Henry of Lancaster, lord of Monmouth, with wiver crest and quasi-supporters. From the Barons' Letter | 127 |
| [61]. | Seal of Robert de la Warde, with fan crest. From the Barons' Letter | 128 |
| [62]. | Seal of Walter de Mounci, with helm surmounted by a fox as a crest. From the Barons' Letter | 128 |
| [63]. | Seal of Sir Robert de Marni, 1366, with crested helms flanking the shield. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 381) | 130 |
| [64]. | Crest, etc. of Sir John Astley, from a MS. c. 1420. (From"Archæologia," vol. lvii.) | 131 |
| [65]. | Crest of Edward prince of Wales, 1376, of leather and stamped gesso. (Reduced from "Vetusta Monumenta," vol. vii.) | 132 |
| [66]. | Funeral helm and wooden crest of George Brooke lord Cobham, ob. 1558, in Cobham church, Kent | 133 |
| [67]. | Stall-plate of Humphrey duke of Buckingham as earl of Stafford, c. 1429. (From "The Ancestor," vol. iii.) | 135 |
| [68]. | Stall-plate of Sir Thomas Burgh, K.G., c. 1483. (From"The Ancestor," vol. iii.) | 136 |
| [69]. | Seal of Richard Nevill with separate crests and supporters for his earldoms of Salisbury and Warwick | 137 |
| [70]. | Seal of William lord Hastings, c. 1461 | 140 |
| [71]. | Seal of William de la Pole earl of Suffolk, 1415 | 141 |
| [72]. | Stall-plate of Ralph lord Bassett, showing simple form of mantling. (From "The Ancestor," vol. iii.) | 142 |
| [73]. | Stall-plate of Sir Sanchet Dabrichecourt, K.G., c. 1421. (From "Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 233) | 143 |
| [74]. | Stall-plate of Sir William Arundel, K.G., c. 1421. (From"Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 233) | 145 |
| [75]. | Stall-plate of Richard Beauchamp earl of Warwick, after 1423. (From "The Ancestor," vol. iii.) | 146 |
| [76]. | Stall-plate of Richard Wydville lord Rivers, c. 1450. (From "The Ancestor," vol. iii.) | 147 |
| [77]. | Stall-plate of Hugh lord Burnell, c. 1421. (From "TheAncestor," vol. iii.) | 149 |
| [78]. | Arms of St. Edmund, from the tomb of Edmund duke of York, ob. 1402, at King's Langley. (From "The Ancestor," vol. ii.) | 150 |
| [79]. | Crest from the stall-plate of Hugh Stafford lord Bourchier | 152 |
| [80]. | Two forms of the same crest. From the stall-plate of Richard lord Grey of Codnor | 153 |
| [81]. | Helm with crest and wreath from the Hastings brass at Elsing, 1347. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 385) | 157 |
| [82]. | Helm with crest and torse and simple form of mantling, from the Harsick brass at Southacre, 1384 | 159 |
| [83]. | Stall-plate of Sir Simon Felbrigge, c. 1421. (From "TheAncestor," vol. iii.) | 160 |
| [84]. | Privy seal of Henry le Despenser bishop of Norwich, 1370-1406. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 351) | 162 |
| [85]. | Shield with ostrich-feather badge from the tomb of Edward prince of Wales (ob. 1376) at Canterbury. (FromBoutell's "English Heraldry," No. 401) | 167 |
| [86]. | Seal of Thomas of Woodstock duke of Gloucester with ostrich-feather and Bohun swan badges. (From "Journal ofthe Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 240) | 168 |
| [87]. | Fetterlock-and-falcon badge of the house of York, from Henry VII's chapel at Westminster. (From a photograph by Mr.David Weller) | 169 |
| [88]. | Crowned rose and portcullis from King's college chapel at Cambridge. (From a photograph by Mr. J. PalmerClarke) | 170 |
| [89]. | Seal of Robert de Clifford, with arms surrounded by rings in allusion to his mother Isabel Vipont. (From the Barons' Letter) | 171 |
| [90]. | Seal of Robert de Toni as CHEVALER AU CING with the arms encircled by swans and talbots. (From the Barons' Letter) | 171 |
| [91]. | Seal of Oliver Bohun with swans about the shield. (FromBoutell's "English Heraldry," No. 321) | 172 |
| [92]. | Gilt-latten effigy at Westminster of King Richard II, pounced with badges, etc. (From "Journal of the Societyof Arts," vol. xlv. 240) | 173 |
| [93]. | Piers and arches in Wingfield church, Suffolk, with badges of Michael de la Pole earl of Suffolk (ob. 1415) and his wife Katharine Stafford. (From a photograph by the Rev.W. Marshall in "Journal of the Royal Institute of BritishArchitects," 3rd. S. vol. iv. 245) | 176 |
| [94]. | Chimney-piece in the Bishop's Palace at Exeter with the arms and badges of bishop Peter Courtenay, 1478-87. (From aphotograph by Heath and Bradnee) | 177 |
| [95]. | Gateway to the Deanery at Peterborough. Built by Robert Kirkton, abbot 1497-1526. (From a photograph by Mr. A.Nicholls) | 178 |
| [96]. | The gatehouse of Christ's College, Cambridge. (From aphotograph by Mr. J. Palmer Clarke) | 179 |
| [97]. | Bronze door with badges of York and Beaufort from the Lady chapel of Westminster abbey church. (From a photograph byMr. Emery Walker, F.S.A.) | 180 |
| [98]. | Signet with badge and crested helm of Lewis lord Bourchier, 1420 | 181 |
| [99]. | Seal of Hugh de Vere with boar badge and two wivers as supporters. From the Barons' Letter | 181 |
| [100]. | Signet of William lord Bardolf (c. 1410) with eagle badge derived from his arms | 182 |
| [101]. | Signet with flote badge and word of Sir William Oldhalle in 1457. (From "Archæologia," vol. xxxvii. 337) | 182 |
| [102]. | Seal with badge (a gray or badger) of Richard lord Grey of Codnor, 1392 | 183 |
| [103]. | Seal of Thomas lord Stanley as earl of Derby and seneschal of Macclesfield, 1485, with the eagle's claw badge of Stanley and the legs of the Isle of Man | 183 |
| [104]. | Daisy plant (marguerite) badge of the Lady Margaret Beaufort, from Henry VII's chapel at Westminster. (From aphotograph by Mr. David Weller) | 184 |
| [105]. | Part of the brass at Exeter of canon William Langeton, kinsman of Edward Stafford bishop of Exeter, 1413, in cope with an orphrey of X's and Stafford knots | 185 |
| [106]. | Elbow-piece and Bourchier knot from the brass of Sir Humphrey Bourchier, ob. 1471, in Westminster abbey church | 186 |
| [107]. | Alabaster tomb and effigy of Edward Stafford earl of Wiltshire, ob. 1498, in Lowick church, Northamptonshire. (From the "Archæological Journal," vol. lxi. 233) | 187 |
| [108]. | Rebus of abbot Robert Kirkton from the Deanery Gate at Peterborough. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 295) | 188 |
| [109]. | Rebus of Thomas Beckington bishop of Bath and Wells, 1477. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 296) | 188 |
| [110]. | Rebus of John Islip abbot of Westminster, from his chantry chapel. (From a photograph by Mr. David Weller) | 189 |
| [111]. | Oriel window in the Deanery at Wells with badges of King Edward IV, and badges and rebuses of Dean Gunthorpe. (From a photograph by Mr. T. W. Phillips) | 190 |
| [112]. | Arms and rebus of Sir John Pechy, ob. 1522, from painted glass in Lullingstone church, Kent. (From Stothard's"Monumental Effigies") | 191 |
| [113]. | Seal of John de Moun slung from an eagle and flanked by two leopards. From the Barons' Letter | 195 |
| [114]. | Seal of Alan la Souche in 1301. From the Barons' Letter. (From "Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 228) | 196 |
| [115]. | Seal of John Beauchamp of Hacche, with shield on breast of an eagle. From the Barons' Letter | 197 |
| [116]. | Seal of William de Ferrers with shield upon an eagle with two heads. From the Barons' Letter | 197 |
| [117]. | Seal of Edmund Mortimer earl of March and Ulster, 1400, with rampant leopard supporters. (From Boutell's "EnglishHeraldry," No. 407) | 201 |
| [118]. | Seal of Sir William Windsor, 1381, with eagle supporters. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 382) | 201 |
| [119]. | Seal of William de la Pole duke of Suffolk, 1448 | 202 |
| [120]. | Seal of John Nevill lord Montagu, 1461 | 203 |
| [121]. | Seal of William lord Hastings, c. 1461 | 204 |
| [122]. | Seal of John lord Talbot and Furnival, 1406 | 205 |
| [123]. | Seal of George duke of Clarence and lord of Richmond, 1462, with black bulls of Clare supporting his crested helm | 207 |
| [124]. | Seal of Richard Beauchamp earl of Warwick, 1401. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 448) | 208 |
| [125]. | Seal of Richard Beauchamp earl of Warwick and of Albemarle and lord Despenser, 1421 | 209 |
| [126]. | Seal of Edmund duke of Somerset for the town of Bayeux, c. 1445. (From "Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 234) | 210 |
| [127]. | Seal of Cecily Nevill, wife of Richard duke of York and mother of King Edward IV, 1461. (From "Journal of theSociety of Arts," vol. xlv. 235) | 212 |
| [128]. | Arms and supporters, a dragon and a greyhound, of King Henry VII in King's College chapel at Cambridge. (From aphotograph by Mr. J. Palmer Clarke) | 213 |
| [129]. | Seal of the Mayoralty of Calais. (From "Archæologia," vol. liii. 327) | 215 |
| [130]. | Seal of Walter lord Hungerford with banners of Heytesbury and Hussey or Homet, c. 1420 | 216 |
| [131]. | Knights with banners, from an illumination | 220 |
| [132]. | Seal of Walter lord Hungerford with banners. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," No. 391) | 221 |
| [133]. | Part of the seal of Margaret lady Hungerford, with impaled banner held up by a lion. (From Boutell's "EnglishHeraldry," No. 406) | 222 |
| [134]. | Tomb of Lewis Robsart lord Bourchier, K.G. ob. 1431, in Westminster abbey church, with banners of arms upheld by supporters. (From a photograph by Mr. DavidWeller) | 223 |
| [135]. | The King's banner or "royal standard" as now borne | 227 |
| [136]. | Stall-plate, as a banner, of Walter lord Hungerford, after 1426. (From "The Ancestor," vol. iii.) | 230 |
| [137]. | Stall-plate, as a banner, of Richard Nevill earl of Salisbury, c. 1436. (From "The Ancestor," vol. iii.) | 231 |
| [138]. | Stall-plate, as a banner, of Sir John Grey of Ruthin, c. 1439. (From "The Ancestor," vol. iii.) | 232 |
| [139]. | Standard of Sir Henry Stafford, K.G. c. 1475. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry" No. 415) | 234 |
| [140]. | Knights with pennons, from an illumination | 236 |
| [141]. | Armed Knights carrying pennons, from an illumination | 237 |
| [142]. | Armorial vane on Etchingham church, Sussex. (From "Sussex Archæological Collections," vol. ix. 349) | 240 |
| [143]. | Vane formerly upon the finial of the kitchen roof, Stanton Harcourt, Oxon. (From "A Glossary of ... GothicArchitecture," vol. i. 505) | 241 |
| [144]. | Part of King Henry VIII's garden at Hampton Court, from a contemporary picture. | 246 |
| [145]. | Part of King Henry VIII's garden at Hampton Court, from a contemporary picture. | 247 |
| [146]. | Shield of Bryen impaling Bures, from a brass in Acton church, Suffolk | 252 |
| [147]. | Lion with a forked tail, from a brass at Spilsby in Lincolnshire, 1391 | 255 |
| [148]. | Shield with three pheasants, from a brass at Checkendon, Oxon, 1404 | 256 |
| [149]. | Shield of the arms of Sir Humphrey Littlebury, from his effigy at Holbeach in Lincolnshire, c. 1360, with fine examples of heraldic leopards. (From a photograph by Mr.E. M. Beloe, F.S.A.) | 257 |
| [150]. | Early and modern versions of ermine-tails. (From "Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 236) | 258 |
| [151]. | Early and modern versions of vair. (From Boutell's "English Heraldry," Nos. 61, 62) | 258 |
| [152]. | The Garter, from the brass of Thomas lord Camoys, K.G. at Trotton in Sussex | 261 |
| [153]. | Pewter medallion with Edward prince of Wales, now in the British Museum. (From "Archæologia," vol. xxxi. 141) | 262 |
| [154]. | Shield of arms encircled by the Garter, from the brass of Thomas lord Camoys, ob. 1419. (From "Journal of theSociety of Arts," vol. xlv. 237) | 264 |
| [155]. | Shields encircled by the Garter and a scroll, from the brass of bishop Hallam (ob. 1416) at Constance. (From"Journal of the Society of Arts," vol. xlv. 237) | 265 |
| [156]. | Royal arms of King Henry VII within the Garter, of English work, from the King's tomb by Torregiano at Westminster. (From a photograph by Mr. David Weller) | 266 |
| [157]. | Arms of St. George within the Garter, from the brass of Sir Thomas Bullen, K.G. earl of Wiltshire and Ormond, 1538, at Hever in Kent | 267 |
| [158]. | Crowned effigy of Queen Eleanor at Westminster | 270 |
| [159]. | Crowned effigy of Queen Joan at Canterbury | 271 |
| [160]. | Helm and crest, and bust, of Richard Beauchamp earl of Warwick, ob. 1439, from his gilt-latten effigy at Warwick. (From Stothard's "MonumentalEffigies") | 274 |
| [161]. | Effigy of a lady, c. 1250, in Scarcliffe church, Derbyshire. (From Stothard's "MonumentalEffigies") | 275 |
| [162]. | Effigy of a lady in Staindrop church, Durham. (From Stothard's "Monumental Effigies") | 276 |
| [163]. | Thomas earl of Arundel, ob. 1416, from his alabaster effigy at Arundel. (From Stothard's "MonumentalEffigies") | 277 |
| [164]. | Joan Beaufort countess of Westmorland, ob. 1440, from her alabaster effigy in Staindrop church, Durham. (FromStothard's "Monumental Effigies") | 278 |
| [165]. | William FitzAlan earl of Arundel (ob. 1487) from his effigy at Arundel. (From Stothard's "MonumentalEffigies") | 279 |
| [166]. | Joan countess of Arundel, from her effigy at Arundel. (From Stothard's "Monumental Effigies") | 280 |
| [167]. | John Holand duke of Exeter, ob. 1447, from his effigy at St. Katharine's hospital, Regent's Park | 282 |
| [168]. | Head of a duchess of Exeter, from the monument at St. Katharine's hospital, Regent's Park | 283 |
| [169]. | Alice duchess of Suffolk, ob. 1475, from her alabaster effigy in Ewelme church, Oxon. (From Hollis's "MonumentalEffigies") | 284 |
| [170]. | Armorial ensigns and badges of the lady Margaret Beaufort from the gatehouse of her foundation of Christ's college, Cambridge. (From a photograph by Mr. J. PalmerClarke) | 286 |
| [171]. | Arms of the foundress, the lady Margaret Beaufort, with yale supporters, from the base of an oriel in Christ's college, Cambridge. (From a photograph by Mr. J. PalmerClarke) | 287 |
| [172]. | Armorial panel on the gatehouse of St. John's college, Cambridge. (From a photograph by Mr. J. PalmerClarke) | 289 |
| [173]. | King Henry IV from his alabaster effigy in Canterbury cathedral church. (From Stothard's "MonumentalEffigies") | 291 |
| [174]. | King Henry III from his gilt-latten effigy at Westminster | 292 |
| [175]. | King Edward II from his alabaster effigy at Gloucester. (From Stothard's "Monumental Effigies") | 293 |
| [176]. | Crowned initials of King Henry VII from his Lady chapel at Westminster. (From a photograph by Mr. DavidWeller) | 294 |
| [177]. | Thomas Howard third duke of Norfolk (1473?-1554) with the collar of the Order of the Garter, from the picture by Holbein at Windsor Castle. (From Gardiner's "Student'sHistory of England," p. 410) | 295 |
| [178]. | Collars of SS | 296 |
| [179]. | Collar of SS from the effigy of William lord Bardolf, ob. 1441, at Dennington in Suffolk. (From Stothard's"Monumental Effigies") | 297 |
| [180]. | Spandrel of the tomb of Oliver Groos, esquire (ob. 1439), in Sloley church, Norfolk, with collar of SS | 301 |
| [181]. | Collars of SS from the effigy of Queen Joan at Canterbury, and of Robert lord Hungerford at Salisbury. (FromStothard's "Monumental Effigies") | 303 |
| [182]. | Collars of suns and roses from the effigy of a knight at Aston, Warwickshire, and the effigy of Sir Robert Harcourt, K.G. 1471 at Stanton Harcourt, Oxon. (FromHollis's "Monumental Effigies") | 305 |
| [183]. | Sir Thomas More wearing the collar of SS: from an original portrait painted by Holbein in 1527, belonging to the late Mr. Edward Huth. (From Gardiner's "Student's History ofEngland," p. 387) | 307 |
| [184]. | Head of the effigy in Ripon Minster of Sir Thomas Markenfield with livery collar of park-palings. (From adrawing by Mr. Roland Paul, F.S.A.) | 310 |
| [185]. | Thomas lord Berkeley (ob. 1417) with a collar of mermaids, from his brass at Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire. (From Hollis's "Monumental Effigies") | 311 |
| [186]. | Silver badge belonging to the duke of Northumberland. (From a drawing by Mr. C. Prætorius, F.S.A.) | 312 |
| [187]. | Waits' Collars of Exeter, King's Lynn, and Norwich | 314 |
| [188]. | Part of an embroidered altar frontal with a rebus at Baunton in Gloucestershire. (From a photograph by Mr. G.Clinch) | 320 |
| [189]. | Carved panel with the crowned arms, supporters, and badges of King Henry VIII at New Hall in Essex. (From aphotograph by Mr. Fred Spalding) | 333 |
| [190]. | Paving tile with arms and initials of John Lyte (c. 1535), from Marten church, Wilts. (From a drawing by Mr. C.Prætorius, F.S.A.) | 334 |
| [191]. | Arms with crested helm and badge (a blazing ragged-staff) of, apparently, Sir John Guldeford of Benenden, ob. 1565, in East Guldeford church, Sussex. (From aphotograph by Mr. Aymer Vallance, M.A., F.S.A.) | 339 |
| [192]. | Part of a bed-hanging embroidered with the arms of Henry and Elizabeth Wentworth, c. 1560, formerly in the possession of Sir A. W. Franks, K.C.B. | 342 |
| [193]. | Arms of Cotes, from a mazer print of 1585-6. (From "Archæologia," vol. l. 174) | 343 |
| [194]. | Shield from the tomb of Margaret countess of Lennox, ob. 1578, in Westminster abbey church. (From a photograph byMr. David Weller) | 344 |
| [195]. | Achievement of arms from the monument of Sir Richard Pecksall, ob. 1571, in Westminster abbey church. (Froma photograph by Mr. David Weller) | 345 |
| [196]. | Obverse of the Great Seal of the Republic of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1655 (reduced) | 348 |
| [197]. | Arms, etc. of the Trinity House, London. From a wood-carving c. 1670 in the Victoria and Albert Museum | 349 |
| [198]. | Limewood carving with the arms and crest of the Trevor family, c. 1700, in the Victoria and Albert Museum | 351 |
| [199]. | Part of the carved oak ceiling of the chapel, formerly the hall, of Auckland castle, Durham, with the arms of bishop John Cosin. Date 1662-4. (From a photograph by Mr. H.Kilburn in "Journal of the Royal Institute of BritishArchitects," 3rd S. vol. iv. 272) | 352 |
[CHRONOLOGICAL SERIES OF ILLUSTRATIONS] | ||
| pp. 354-407 | ||
[CHAPTER I]
INTRODUCTION
Defects of Modern Heraldic Decoration; Appeal to First Principles; English versus Foreign Sources; Definition of Heraldry; Modes of Display; Colours and Furs; Formation of Arms; Divisions of the Shield; Early Authorities: Seals, Monuments, Buildings, Wills and Inventories, Rolls of Arms.
To those who have given attention to the study of ancient heraldry few things are more surprising than the imperfect understanding of its true principles displayed in their works by so many artists and craftsmen of every degree. Year after year, in paintings and sculpture at the Royal Academy and other exhibitions, in the architecture and decorations of our churches and public buildings, on monuments, on plate, jewellery, and ornaments of all kinds, the attempt to introduce armorial accessories, even by some of our best artists, is almost always a failure.
In so recent a work as the national memorial to Queen Victoria before Buckingham Palace, the shields for Scotland in the frieze of the pedestal bear the rampant lion only, and the distinctive double tressure is again omitted in the Scottish quarter of the royal arms behind the figure of Victory. The sides of the pedestal also bear fanciful shields of arms, in the one case with three lamps, in the other with some allegorical device, charged on bends sinister!
It is only fair to say that the fault appears to be not altogether that of the artist or craftsman, but should rather be ascribed to the disregard of the principles and usages of true armory that pervades so much of the printed literature to which men naturally turn for information.
He, however, who would know something about heraldic art must go behind the books to better sources of information, and rid himself once and for all of the modern cast-iron rules that cramp all attempts to improve matters. He will then soon find himself revelling in the delightful freedom and playful common-sense of medieval armory when it was still a living art, and a science too, utilized for artistic purposes by every class of worker and unencumbered by the ridiculous conceits of Tudor and later times.