Of the remaining prepositions the following are the chief:—
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pada, kapada, at, to, on, towards.
deri-pada, from, than.
akan, to, for, as to, as for.
uleh, by.
atas, on, upon.
datang, sampei, hingga, until, as far as. antara, between. samantara, until. ganti, instead of. balik, behind. serta, with. |
sama, with, to.
dengan, with.
dalam, in, into.
lĕpas, after.
karana, krana, sebab, on account of. sa-kadar, according to. demei, by. dĕkat, near. tentang, concerning, opposite. bagi, to. trus, through. |
|
datang, sampei, hingga, | until, as far as. |
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karana, krana, sebab, | on account of. |
VIII. CONJUNCTIONS.
The following list includes the most useful of the conjunctions in Malay:—
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dan, and.
kalau, jika, jikalau, if. antah, kunun, perhaps. sapaya, in order that. pula, also, again. sambil, selang, whilst. seraya, at the same time. tambah-an, furthermore. karana, sĕbab, because. serta, and, also. asal-kan, provided that. |
atau, or.
tĕtapi, but.
me-lain-kan, except.
hania, but, except.
yang, that.
kĕlak, forsooth.
juga, jua, also.
sahaja, only.
lagi, again, even.
lagi pula, again, too.
lagi pun, besides, also.
saperti, as, like.
laksana, bagei, like. iya-itu, that is to say. lamun-kan, although. |
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kalau, jika, jikalau, | if. |
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antah, kunun, | perhaps. |
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sambil, selang, | whilst. |
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karana, sĕbab, | because. |
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laksana, bagei, | like. |
There are also a number of conjunctions which are met with almost exclusively in the written language, and which it would be pedantic to use in conversation. Of such are:—
maka, bahwa, ḥata, shahadan, seldom necessary to the sense, and not always requiring translation. They answer in some degree to such words as “now,” “next,” “but,” “then,” “again,” “so.”
sa-ber-mula, first, now.
sa-bagei-lagi, further, again.
arkian, now, then.