We are accustomed at the present day to picture to ourselves the Oriental as a being who, in contemplative repose, is completely bound to his ancestral faith and usages. This representation is not quite correct, but still it agrees better with the situation which now exists than it does with the disposition of Islam in the first four centuries, for during that period it was inclined to take into its possession not only the outward advantages of the world, but also the intellectual acquisitions of Mankind. [[72]]
[1] Examples of both methods occur, but usually Qiyas is equivalent to Analogy. However, in the philosophical terminology which owes its origin to the Translators, Qiyas always stands for συλλογισμός, while ἀναλογία is rendered by the Arabic mithl. [↑]
[2] Cf. Snouck Hurgronje in ZDMG, LIII p. 155. [↑]
[3] For this the Mystics introduced a sixth sense. [↑]
[4] Ascetics were called Sufis, from their coarse woollen garment, or Sûf. [↑]
[5] V. Rückerts Uebers. d. Makamen II, p. 219. [↑]