[920] See pp. 499-513, infra.
[921] See H. F. Tozer, Hist. of Anc. Geogr., 1897, pp. 15-6.
[922] Strabo, ii, 4, § 2. Cf. A. Bertrand and S. Reinach, Les Celtes dans les vallées du Pô et du Danube, 1894, p. 15.
[923] Strabo, ii, 1, § 12; 5, § 8. Cf. V. de St. Martin, Hist. de la géogr., 1873, p. 101.
[924] Plutarch (De placitis philosophorum, iii, 17, § 2), who evidently knew nothing about the tides, ascribed to Pytheas the absurd statement that high tide occurs at full moon, and low tide at new moon (Πυθέας ὁ Μασσαλιώτης τῇ πληρώσει τῆς σελήνης τὰς πλημμύρας γίνεσθαι, τῇ δὲ μειώσει τὰς ἀμπώτιδας), a blunder which, as Müllenhoff (Deutsche Altertumskunde, i, 1890, p. 365) remarks, nobody could have made who had spent twenty-four hours on the Atlantic coast. I agree with him that Pytheas had anticipated the discovery of Posidonius (Strabo, iii, 5, § 8), which, needless to say, must have been made long before by Phoenician mariners, but that he was unfortunate in his reporter. Cf. H. F. Tozer, Hist. of Anc. Geogr., p. 155.
[925] See p. 221, infra, and H. F. Tozer, Hist. of Anc. Geogr., pp. 155-7.
[926] See ib., p. 160, and Geogr. Journal, i, 1893, p. 520.
[927] Geminus, Elem. astron., ed. C. Manitius, 1898, p. 70 (c. vi, § 9); K. Müllenhoff, Deutsche Altertumskunde, i, 1890, p. 311.
[928] Ib., p. 367.
[929] Geogr., i, 4, § 3; ii, 3, § 5; iv, 5, § 5; vii, 3, § 1, &c. Cf. M. Dubois, Examen de la géogr. de Strabon, 1891, pp. 253-4, 264-5. In regard to the scientific eminence of Pytheas see V. de St. Martin, Hist. de la géogr., p. 107; K. Müllenhoff, Deutsche Altertumskunde, i, 1890, pp. 311-3; Geogr. Journal, i, 1893, pp. 520-1; and H. F. Tozer, Hist. of Anc. Geogr., pp. 47-50.