[37]. For further details on this point see Chapter VII.
[38]. Féré, Sensation et Mouvement, pp. 62, 63.
[39]. This also seems to be the view adopted by Rutgers Marshall (op. cit.). In the first place, he always considers “pleasure-pains” as connected states, pleasure being experienced “whenever the physical activity coincident with the psychic state to which the pleasure is attached involves the use of surplus stored force—the resolution of surplus potential into actual energy; or, in other words, whenever the energy involved in the reaction to a stimulus is greater in amount than the energy which the stimulus habitually calls forth.”—P. 204.
[40]. Beaunis, Sensations internes, pp. 246, 247.
[41]. Féré, Pathologie des Émotions, p. 223.
[42]. Bouillier, Du plaisir et de la douleur, chap. vii.
[43]. Mantegazza, Fisiologia del piacere, p. 26.
[44]. A curious study of pathological psychology might be founded on the De Vila Propria of Cardan, who was evidently what would now be called a neuropath and a déséquilibré.
[45]. Principles of Psychology, ii., § 518.
[46]. Krafft-Ebing remarks: “An abnormal mode of feeling on the part of melancholic patients is found in the enjoyment of pain (Leidseligkeit). In these individuals, ideas which, in a healthy slate, would be provocative of pain, awaken in the diseased consciousness a faint feeling of satisfaction which represents the corresponding affective tone.”