[APPENDIX.]

A Digest of the Laws of Pennsylvania, relating to the Cumberland Road—Unexpended Balances in Indiana—Accounts of Two Old Commissioners—Rates of Toll—Letters of Albert Gallatin, Ebenezer Finley and Thomas A. Wiley—Curiosities of the old Postal Service.

1807.Act of April 9th gives the State’s consent to the making of the road within its limits, provided the route be changed to pass through Uniontown and Washington; also gives the United States authorities full power to enter upon lands, dig, cut and carry away materials, etc., for the purpose of completing and forever keeping in repair said road. Pamphlet Laws, page 185.
1828.February 7th. Joint resolution authorizes the Government of the United States to erect toll gates, enforce the collection of tolls, and to do and perform every other act and thing which may be deemed necessary to insure the PERMANENT repair and preservation of the road. Andrew Shultz, Governor, Nerr Middleswarth, Speaker of the House of Representatives, Daniel Sturgeon, Speaker of the Senate. Pamphlet laws, page 500.
1831.Act of April 11th. Preamble: “Whereas, that part of the Cumberland Road lying within the State of Pennsylvania is in many parts in bad condition for want of repairs, and as doubts have been entertained whether the United States have authority to erect toll gates on said road and collect toll, and as a large proportion of the people of this commonwealth are interested in said road, ITS CONSTANT CONTINUANCE AND PRESERVATION, therefore, etc.” The act then goes on and authorizes the erection of at least six gates, designates classes and persons exempt from toll, provides for the erection of directors (boards ordering teams, etc., to pass to the right), establishes rates of tolls, regulates the manner of collecting the same, etc. Pamphlet Laws, page 419. For a judicial construction of this act, see case of Hopkins vs. Stockton, 2 Watts and Sargeant, page 163.
1835.Act of April 1st requires supervisors of highways to make paved valleys or stone culverts where other roads intersect the Cumberland Road and this act also signifies the State’s acceptance of the road from the General Government. Pamphlet Laws, page 102.
1836.Act of June 13th provides for payment of half toll by persons carrying the United States mail, and fixes penalties for attempts to defraud the State of toll. Pamphlet Laws, page 534. This act declared inoperative by the Supreme Court of the United States, in so far as it levies toll on mail coaches.
1837.Act of April 4th exempts persons hauling coal for home consumption from payment of tolls. Pamphlet Laws, page 353.
1839.Act of February 5th in form of a joint resolution requires Commissioners to give bond in the sum of $6,000. Pamphlet Laws, page 637. Changed by subsequent acts.
1839.Act of June 17th, in form of a joint resolution, fixes the compensation of Commissioners at $3 per diem, not to exceed one hundred and fifty days in any one year. Pamphlet Laws, page 679. Changed by subsequent acts.
1840.Act of March 24th authorizes the appointment of one Commissioner by the Governor for a term of three years, at a compensation of $3.00 per diem, requiring him to give bond in the sum of $10,000, to keep an account of receipts and expenditures, and publish the same; and further provides for auditors to adjust accounts. Pamphlet Laws, page 207. Partially repealed by subsequent acts.
1843.Act of April 5th authorizes Commissioners to stop mail coaches to enforce payment of tolls. Pamphlet Laws, page 164. This act held to be void by the Supreme Court of the United States, and supplied by act of April 14th, 1845, postea.
1845.Act of April 14th (Omnibus Bill).
“Preamble: Whereas, it has lately been decided by the Supreme Court of the United States, that the acts of assembly of this Commonwealth, relating to the collection of tolls on that part of the Cumberland Road which is within this State, passed June 13th, 1836, and April 5th, 1843, do not authorize the collection of any amount of tolls whatever for the passage upon said road of any stage, coach, or other vehicle carrying passengers with their baggage and goods, if such stage, coach, or other vehicle, is at the same time carrying any of the mails or property of the United States; and whereas, the said court sanctions the power of Pennsylvania to provide for the repairs of said road by a general assessment of tolls upon persons traveling thereon, which it is deemed just and right should be paid; and whereas, also, it is found to be impracticable to keep said road in good repair and out of debt by the tolls collectable under the existing laws of this Commonwealth, as interpreted by said Court, therefore,” &c. This act then goes on and in section 12 imposes a toll of not less than two nor more than fifteen cents, as shall be fixed and determined by the Commissioner, upon every person riding or traveling in any vehicle carrying the United States mails, for every fourteen miles over which such person shall have been a passenger or traveler, and in proportion for shorter distances, provided that no toll shall be demanded from any guard to the mails, agent of the postoffice, bearer of dispatches for the General or State Government, nor any naval or military officer of the United States or this State, traveling in the discharge of official duty. Section 13 provides the manner of collecting tolls under this act. Section 14 imposes a penalty of fifty dollars on any driver who neglects to report at every gate the number of passengers in his carriage or coach. Section 15 provides that in case of refusal of passengers to pay or neglect of drivers to report, collectors shall charge in a book all unpaid tolls and sue for the same. Section 16 provides that in every case where a collector may be unable from omission or neglect of drivers or passengers to ascertain the number of passengers liable to toll under this act, he may charge and recover for so many as the carriage shall be capable of carrying. Section 17 provides a penalty of twenty dollars for every fraudulent attempt to evade the payment of toll imposed by this act. Pamphlet Laws, pages 430-1. This act is still in force, though mail coaches (rather hacks) have been carrying passengers and freights for many years without paying toll.
1847.Act of March 16th authorizes the Governor to appoint a Commissioner on each side of the Monongahela river, at a salary of $350 each. Pamphlet Laws, page 477. Subsequently repealed.
1848.Act of April 8th provides for the appointment of trustees by the courts of Somerset, Fayette and Washington counties (one in each), said trustees to appoint one or more Commissioners. Pamphlet Laws, page 523. Repealed.
1850.Act of May 3d authorizes the Commissioner and the Court of Quarter Sessions to determine what travel and transportation shall be in part or in whole exempt from toll; also authorizes the imposition of toll upon persons using the road who do not pass through the gates thereon, and prescribes the manner of collecting the same; also authorizes the Commissioner to change the location of gates, and to sell and convey toll houses and grounds, and to purchase sites. Pamphlet Laws, page 682. This act remains in force.
1856.Act of April 22, authorizes the Courts of Fayette and Washington counties to appoint superintendents. Pamphlet Laws, page 523. Prior to the date of this act, the officer in charge of the road was invariably called Commissioner. This act repealed as to that portion of the road east of the Monongahela by Act of May 1, 1861. Postea.
1861.Act of May 1, authorizes the Governor to appoint one person as Superintendent for so much of the road as lies within the counties of Fayette and Somerset, and repeals part of the act of April 22, 1856, supra. Pamphlet Laws, page 678.
1864.Act of April 13th, requires Superintendents to appropriate fifty per cent. of the tolls to the payment of old debts. Pamphlet Laws, page 408. Repealed.
1865.Act of March 21, repeals so much of the act of April 13th, 1864, supra, as requires Superintendents to apply fifty per cent. of tolls to the payment of old debts, and provides that bona fide holders of certificates of indebtedness for repairs shall be allowed credit for tolls on their certificates. Pamphlet Laws, page 474.
1865.Act of November 27th, provides for the adjudication and payment of certain claims against the road. Appendix to Pamphlet Laws of 1866, page 1,226.
1867.Act of January 7th, repeals outright in toto the act of April 13th, 1864, supra. Pamphlet Laws, page 1,543.
1868.Act of March 20th, authorizes and requires the Superintendent to repair the road, and keep it in repair, where it passes through any town or borough forming a street thereof in the county of Fayette. Pamphlet Laws, page 444. In force.
1877.Act of April 4th, authorizes the Governor to appoint a Commissioner for that portion of the road lying between the Monongahela river and the line of the State of West Virginia for a term of three years from the termination of the term of incumbent, at a salary of $3.00 per diem, not to exceed $300 per annum, to account under oath to the auditors of Washington county. Pamphlet Laws, page 53.
1893.Act of June 2d, appropriates $1,500 to repair the great stone bridge at the Big Crossings. Pamphlet Laws, page 213.

The following communications and statements show the unexpended balances in 1834 of appropriations made by Congress in preceding years, for constructing the road through the State of Indiana:

Washington, Jan. 20th, 1835.

Sir:—I have the honor to transmit herewith a report from the Chief Engineer respecting the unexpended balance of the appropriation for the Cumberland Road in Indiana, in answer to the resolution of the House of Representatives, of the 17th instant.

Very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
MAHLON DICKERSON,
Acting Secretary of War.
To Hon. John Bell,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Engineer Department, Jan. 19th, 1835.