[25]. Voit, E., Untersuchungen über den Einfluss des Kochsalzes, des Kaffees, und der Muskelbewegungen auf den Stoffwechsel, Munich, 1860.

Smith, E., Philosophical Transactions, 1861, 747.

Fick, A., and Wislicenus, J., Phil. Mag., IV, xxxi, 485.

Frankland, E., loc. cit.

Noyes, T. R., American Journal Medical Sciences, Oct. 1867.

Parkes, E. A., Proceedings Royal Society, xv, 339; xvi, 44.

[26]. Smith, Edward, Philosophical Transactions, 1859, 709.

[27]. Authorities differ as to the amount of energy converted by the steam-engine. (See Note 16.) Compare Marshall, op. cit., p. 918. “Whilst, therefore, in an engine one-twentieth part only of the fuel consumed is utilized as mechanical power, one-fifth of the food absorbed by man is so appropriated.”

[28]. Heidenhain, Mechanische Leistung Wärmeentwickelung und Stoffumsatz bei der Muskelthätigkeit, Breslau, 1864.

See also Haughton, Samuel, On the Relation of Food to work, published in “Medicine in Modern Times,” London, 1869, Macmillan & Co.