[651] “Is Cæsaris consanguineus, legatus missus a Wormacia, festinando ad Hispanos pro sedando quodam tumultu. Is in profesto vigiliæ natalicii dominici superveniens eques, cum ministris, biduo manens integro et tribus noctibus, mihi multum loquebatur de causa Lutherana, quæ magna ex parte arridebat viro bono et docto, præter librum de captivitate Babel, quem legerat Wormatiæ cum mœrore et displicentia, quem ego nondum videram.” Riggenbach, Das Chronikon des Konrad Pellikan, p. 77 (Basel, 1877).
[652] Carvajal’s speech and Egidio’s memoir are given in Höfler, “Analecten z. Geschich. Deutschlands und Italiens” (Abhandlungen der Münch. Akad. IV. iii. 57-89).
[653] An indult can be best explained by an example: according to the Council of Bourges (1438), the selection of French Bishops was left exclusively in the hands of the Chapters of the Cathedrals; but Pope Eugenius IV. permitted Charles VII. the right to appoint to several specified bishoprics; such a papal grant was called an indult.
[654] Cf. vol. i. 12 f.
[655] Sources: Contarini, Opera (Paris, 1571); Correspondenz Contarinis, ed. by L. Pastor (1880); Cortese, Epistolarum familiarum liber (Venice, 1573); Ghiberti, Opera (Verona, 1740); Sadoleto, Epistolarum libri sexdecim (Lyons, 1560); Pole, Epistolæ, et aliorum ad ipsum (Brescia, 1744-57), Carteggio di Vittoria Colonna (Turin, 1889); Vergerio, Briefwechsel (edited for the Bibliothek des literarischen Vercius, Stuttgart, 1875).
Later Books: Jacob Burckhardt, The Civilisation of the Period of the Renaissance (Eng. trans., London, 1892); Symonds, Renaissance in Italy. The Catholic Reaction (London, 1886); Cantù, Gli Eretici d’Italia (Turin, 1865-67); Braun, Cardinal Gasparo Contarini (1903); Dittrich, Gasparo Contarini (Braunsberg, 1883); Duruy, Le Cardinal Carlo Caruffa (Paris, 1882); Gothein, Ignatius Loyola und die Geyenreformation, pp. 77-207 (Halle, 1895); v. Reumont, Vittoria Colonna (Freiburg i. B. 1881).
[656] Mediæval songs tell us that this hatred of the peasantry is much older than the Renaissance:
“Si quis scire vult naturam,
Maledictam et obscuram
Rusticorum genituram
Infelicem et non puram
Denotent sequentia,” etc.
Carmina Medii Æri (Florence, 1883), p. 34; the song belongs to the thirteenth century.
[657] Herminjard, Correspondance, etc. viii. 161.