JANNĀTU ʿADN (جنات عدن). The Gardens of Eden. ([Sūrah ix. 73], et alias.) [[PARADISE].]
JANNĀTU ʾL-FIRDAUS (جنات الفردوس). The Gardens of Paradise. ([Sūrah xviii. 107].) [[PARADISE].]
JANNATU ʾL-K͟HULD (جنة الخلد). The Garden of Eternity. ([Sūrah xxv. 16].) [[PARADISE].]
JANNĀTU ʾL-MAʾWĀ (جنات الماوى). The Gardens of Refuge. ([Sūrah xxxii. 19].) [[PARADISE].]
JANNĀTU ʾN-NAʿĪM (جنات النعيم). The Gardens of Delight. ([Sūrah v. 70].) [[PARADISE].]
JĀR MULĀṢIQ (جار ملاصق). “A next-door neighbour.” A term used in Muḥammadan law for a joint proprietor in a house, or room or wall of the house. (Hidāyah, vol. iii. p. 565.)
JARR (جر). “Dragging.” A degree of chastisement practised according to Muḥammadan law, namely, by dragging the offender to the door and exposing him to scorn. (Hamilton’s Hidāyah, vol. ii. p. 76.)
AL-JĀS̤IYAH (الجاثية). Lit. “The Kneeling.” A title given to the XLVth Sūrah of the Qurʾān, in which the expression occurs (verse 26):—
“And God’s is the kingdom of the Heavens and of the Earth; and on the day when the Hour shall arrive, on that day shall the despisers perish. And thou shalt see every nation kneeling; to its own book shall every nation be summoned:—‘This day shall ye be repaid as ye have wrought.’ ”
JĀS̤ULĪQ (جاثليق). An Arabicized word from the Greek Καθολικὸς. The Catholicos, or Primate of the Christians. In the G͟hiyās̤u ʾl-Lug͟hah he is said to be the chief of the Christians, and under him is the Mit̤rān (Metropolitan), and then the Usquf (Bishop), and then Qasīs (Presbyter), and then Shammās (Deacon).