In countries where much of the cultivation of land depends upon irrigation, the right to water, or as it is called in Arabic shirb, is a subject of much litigation, and chapters are devoted to the consideration of the subject in the Hidāyah, Fatāwā-i-ʿAlamgīrī, Durru ʾl-Muk͟htār, and other works on Muslim law.
For the Rivers of Paradise, see [EDEN].
RIWĀYAH (رواية). Relating the words of another. A word used for both an ordinary narrative, and also for an authoritative tradition. [[TRADITION].]
RIYĀʾ (رياء). “Hypocrisy; dissimulation.” Condemned in the Qurʾān.
[Sūrah ii. 266]: “O ye who believe! make not your alms void by reproaches and injury, like him who spendeth his substance to be seen of men, and believeth not in God, and in the Last Day, for the likeness of such an one is that of a rock with a thin soil upon it, on which rain falleth, but leaveth it hard.”
[Sūrah iv. 41, 42]: “We have made ready a shameful chastisement for the unbelievers, and for those who bestow their substance in alms to be seen of men, and believe not in God and in the Last Day.”
RIẒĀʿ (رضاع). A legal term, which means sucking milk from the breast of a woman for a certain time. The period of fosterage. [[FOSTERAGE].]
RIẒWĀN (رضوان). The name of the gardener or keeper of Paradise.
ROAD OF GOD. Arabic sabīlu ʾllāh (سبيل الله). An expression used in the Qurʾān and Traditions for any good act, but especially for engaging in a religious war. [[SABILU ʾLLAH].]
ROMAN. [[GREEKS].]